VOA健康报道2022 研究报告全球首位治愈艾滋病的女性

A patient in the United States with the disease leukemia has become the first woman to be cured of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.

美国一名白血病患者成为首位治愈艾滋病的女性。

The patient received stem cells from a donor¹. Stem cells are special cells that can become any kind of cell in the body. The donor was naturally resistant² to HIV, researchers told reporters Tuesday.

这位患者接受了来自捐赠者的干细胞。干细胞是一种可以转变成为体内任何一种细胞的特殊细胞。研究人员周二对记者表示，这位捐赠者对艾滋病毒具有天然抵抗力。

The woman has been described as a 64-year-old woman of mixed race. Her case was presented at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in Denver, Colorado.

这位女性是一名64岁的混血妇女。她的案例在科罗拉多州丹佛市举行的逆转录病毒和机会性感染会议上发表出来。

It is the first case involving the use of blood from the umbilical cord. The umbilical cord connects a pregnant mother to her fetus³. Use of umbilical blood is a somewhat new method. Doctors are considering making the treatment available to more people.

这是第一例涉及使用脐带血的案例。脐带将孕妇与胎儿联系起来。使用脐带血某种程度上是一种新方法。医生们正在考虑让更多人接受这种治疗。

The woman had been receiving the umbilical cord blood to treat her leukemia. Leukemia is a cancer that starts in blood-forming cells in bones. Since receiving the treatment, the woman has been in remission. She has been free of HIV for 14 months. She has not needed HIV treatments known as antiretroviral therapy.

这位妇女一直在接受脐带血来治疗她的白血病。白血病是一种始于骨骼中造血细胞的癌症。自从接受治疗以来，该女子一直处于缓解期。她已经14个月未检出艾滋病毒。她不需要接受被称为抗逆转录病毒疗法的艾滋病疗法。

The two earlier cases in which patients were cured happened in males who had received adult stem cells. Adult stem cells are often used in bone marrow⁴ transplants.

更早的两例治愈病例发生在接受成体干细胞移植的男性身上。成体干细胞常用于骨髓移植。

"This is now the third report of a cure in this setting, and the first in a woman living with HIV," said Sharon Lewin in a statement. She is soon to be the head of the International AIDS Society.

莎朗·莱温在一份声明中表示：“这是目前这种情况下治愈的第三例，也是艾滋病毒女性感染者中的第一例。”她很快将成为国际艾滋病协会的负责人。

The woman's case is part of a larger study led by Dr. Yvonne Bryson of the University of California Los Angeles, and Dr. Deborah Persaud of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. It is being financially supported by the U.S. government.

这名女性案例是由加州大学洛杉矶分校的伊冯·布莱森博士和马里兰州巴尔的摩市约翰霍普金斯大学的德博拉·佩尔绍德博士领导的一项更大规模研究的一部分。这项研究得到了美国政府的资助。

The study aims to follow 25 people with HIV who receive a transplant with stem cells taken from umbilical cord blood for the treatment of cancer and other serious conditions.

该研究旨在追踪25名艾滋病毒感染者的情况，他们接受了从脐带血中提取的干细胞移植，以治疗癌症和其它严重疾病。

Patients in the study first receive treatment to destroy cancerous cells. Doctors then transplant stem cells from individuals with a genetic⁶ mutation⁷ which makes them resistant to HIV. Scientists believe the patients receiving the transplant will develop an immune system resistant to HIV.

研究中涉及的患者首先接受治疗以破坏癌症细胞。然后，医生移植来自基因突变个体的干细胞，让他们能够抵抗艾滋病毒。科学家们认为，接受移植的患者也会发展出可以抵抗艾滋病毒的免疫系统。

Lewin said bone marrow transplants do not cure most people living with HIV. But she said the report "confirms that a cure for HIV is possible and further strengthens using gene⁵ therapy" as an effective way to cure HIV.

莱温表示，骨髓移植无法治愈大多数艾滋病毒感染者。但她表示，该报告“证实了治愈艾滋病毒的可能性，并进一步加强了使用基因疗法”作为治愈艾滋病毒的有效方法。

The study suggests that an important part of the treatment's success was using HIV-resistant cells.

该研究表明，治疗成功的关键是使用抗艾滋病毒的细胞。

"Taken together, these three cases of a cure post stem cell transplant all help" in discovering the parts of the transplant that were important to a cure, Lewin said.

莱温表示，“综合起来，这三位干细胞移植后的治愈病例都有助于”发现对治愈很关键的移植部分。

1 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

2 resistant   

adj.(to)抵抗的，有抵抗力的

参考例句：

• Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
• They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。

3 fetus   

n.胎，胎儿

参考例句：

• In the fetus,blood cells are formed in different sites at different ages.胎儿的血细胞在不同时期生成在不同的部位。
• No one knows why a fetus is not automatically rejected by the mother's immune system. 没有人知道为什么母亲的免疫系统不会自动排斥胎儿。

4 marrow   

n.骨髓；精华；活力

参考例句：

• It was so cold that he felt frozen to the marrow. 天气太冷了，他感到寒冷刺骨。
• He was tired to the marrow of his bones.他真是累得筋疲力尽了。

5 gene   

n.遗传因子，基因

参考例句：

• A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
• The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。

6 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

7 mutation   

n.变化，变异，转变

参考例句：

• People who have this mutation need less sleep than others.有这种突变的人需要的睡眠比其他人少。
• So far the discussion has centered entirely around mutation in the strict sense.到目前为止，严格来讲，讨论完全集中于围绕突变问题上。