VOA教育报道2022--Duolingo English Test Gains Support, Questions Remain

Duolingo English Test Gains Support, Questions Remain

You may know Duolingo as an app on your mobile phone to learn languages, including English. But the company recently launched an English test that it hopes will gain more acceptance, like the long-established TOEFL and IELTS.

TOEFL is an English test from the American organization Educational Testing Service. And IELTS is owned by the British Council and others.

Duolingo was founded in 2011 by Luis von Ahn, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, along with one of his students. The company launched its Duolingo app a year later. It now provides learning instruction for over 40 languages.

Von Ahn grew up in the Central American country of Guatemala. The company said he had to travel to neighboring El Salvador for an English test while applying to universities in the United States. With that experience, he wanted to create a test so more students could prove their English ability. And the Duolingo English Test, DET, came out in 2016.

Jennifer Dewar works for Duolingo. She helps universities around the world understand how the Duolingo test can measure students' English language skills.

"For me, when I encountered the Duolingo English Test, I saw it as a real solution and as a real tool that could democratize access to education for students around the world."

Dewar said hundreds of universities had already accepted the Duolingo test before the COVID-19 pandemic closed many testing centers. Since then, the number grew to almost 2,000 around the world. The schools included well-known universities like Georgetown, Caltech and Yale.

Florida State University in Tallahassee, Florida is one of the schools that is trying out Duolingo's test. Patrick Kennell is director of the university's Center for Intensive English Studies. He is excited about the new ideas Duolingo brought to English testing, but he is not sure whether it measures English skills as well as the traditional tests.

"Is it valid¹ for what it says it measures?" he asked. He also wondered if students who use their score on the DET to get into a university will have trouble keeping up in the classroom. "Only time will tell," he added.

The test

The Duolingo test requires students to fill in missing letters in groups of words, listen and choose whether the word they hear is English or made-up, write short answers to questions, and listen to a sentence and write it word-for-word. Test takers are also required to speak English into their computer microphone about several subjects. Most questions have a time limit. And the test, which costs $49, takes less than one hour to complete.

Because Duolingo's test can be taken by a student at home, some universities are concerned that it might be easy to cheat. But Duolingo says it is always working to make sure that students cannot.

The company also works on security because it does not want a student who got a good score on the DET to arrive at school and not be able to speak English as well as their score showed.

Before the online test starts, students must show their identification² paper or passport, and take a photo of themselves. If the two photos do not look the same, a reviewer will question the test results.

Since Duolingo's test is adaptive, meaning the next question depends on the answer to the current question, no one has ever taken the same test as another person.

Basim Baig is Duolingo's head of security. He said no matter what testing companies do, some people probably cheat and do not get caught.

Most universities want students to score close to 120 points on the DET. The top scores will be around 150. But even people who grew up speaking English do not always score that high.

Burr Settles is one of the test creators at Duolingo. He said Duolingo aims to make its test a good simulation³ of how people speak English in real life.

"We want the test to be something that is ... fun and natural to take, and at the same time, you're better off learning the language than to, like, learn how to take the test."

In the year ending on July 31, 2021, Duolingo said most test-takers came from India, China and the U.S.

Kennell compared the DET to tests that one might give an athlete. He said just because a soccer player can run fast or kick the ball well, it does not mean that player will be as good as Lionel Messi. The player must understand the game, work with teammates and fit into the team's system.

In the same way, he said a college student needs to be able to read difficult books, listen to lessons, write papers and join class discussions in English.

The IELTS and TOEFL, Kennell said, measure those skills better since they simulate⁴ what students will do in a university classroom.

Beau Benson works with international students who are thinking of coming to Northeastern University in Boston. The school has over 10,000 international students each year. He thinks the Duolingo test does a good job of showing that a student can speak English well enough to take classes in the U.S.

"We just need something we can trust, something that's going to be fast, something that we don't need to question ... that's not going to slow us down. And Duolingo's been great in that sense."

Regardless of the acceptance rate for the Duolingo English test, it has already made an impact. Earlier this year, ETS, the maker⁵ of TOEFL, launched a shorter, less costly⁶ test called TOEFL Essentials.

Florida State's Kennell, however, warned that no English test is perfect.

"Tests don't tell it all, definitely. We've had students come to us, they've gotten 100 on the TOEFL, they get started in their classes and they can't, they can't do it. An English test is just a piece of the whole package."

Words in This Story

apply – v. to ask formally for something (such as a job, admission to a school, a loan, etc.) usually in writing

encounter – v. to have or experience or meet something

access – n. a way of being able to use or get something

valid – n. fair or reasonable

microphone– n. a device into which people speak or sing in order to record their voices or to make them sound louder

simulation – n. something that is made to look, feel, or behave like something else especially so that it can be studied or used to train people

definitely – adv. without doubt : in a way that is certain or clear

1 valid   

adj.有确实根据的；有效的；正当的，合法的

参考例句：

• His claim to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。
• Do you have valid reasons for your absence?你的缺席有正当理由吗？

2 identification   

n.视为同一，证明同一，确认

参考例句：

• He's made a formal identification of the body.他正式确认了死者身份。
• We should have identification card on the person when we go out.我们外出时应随身携带身份证。

3 simulation   

n.模拟

参考例句：

• To make the training realistic the simulation operates in real time . 为使训练真实，模拟是实时运行的。
• a computer simulation of how the planet functions 行星活动方式的计算机模拟

4 simulate   

vt.模仿，模拟，假装，冒充

参考例句：

• The wood had been painted to simulate stone.木头上刷了漆以看起来像块石头。
• A sheet of metal was shaken to simulate the noise of thunder.猛力抖动金属片以模仿雷声。

5 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

6 costly   

adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的

参考例句：

• It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
• This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用，左不过贵了些。