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Are US Schools Doing Enough for Mental Health?
For 9-year-old Leah Rainey, the school day now begins with what her teacher calls an "emotional check-in."
"It's great to see you. How are you feeling?" a voice comes from her laptop. It asks her to choose an emoji that represents how she feels: Happy. Sad. Worried. Angry. Frustrated1. Calm. Silly. Tired.
Depending on her answer, Leah gets a few more questions: Have you eaten breakfast? Are you hurt or sick? Is everything okay at home? Is someone at school being unkind?
On a recent day, Leah chose "silly." But she said she struggled with sadness during online learning.
Leah is in the fourth grade at Lakewood Elementary School in the American state of Kentucky. This year, all 420 students there will start their days the same way. The school is one of thousands across the United States using technology to measure students' state of mind and warn teachers of anyone who might be struggling.
The tool that Leah Rainey and other Lakewood students use for "emotional check-in" is called Closegap. Rachel Miller2 is the founder3 of Closegap. She said interest in the technology exploded because of the coronavirus pandemic. She said more than 3,600 American schools will be using the technology this year.
Disagreement over social-emotional learning
In some ways, this year marks a return to pre-pandemic normalcy in the U.S. Most school systems have lifted face-covering requirements. Most have also ended social distancing rules. But the pandemic's long-lasting effects remain. Among them are the effects of loneliness and distant learning on children's emotional well-being4.
School systems across the country are using federal pandemic money to hire more mental health specialists. They are also using the money to expand classes that deal with emotional health.
The class, called social-emotional learning, or SEL, has become the latest area of disagreement in education.
Some American parents say SEL classes are used to teach ideas about race, gender5 and sexuality. And they take time away from the more traditional classes.
Asra Nomani is a parent from Fairfax County in Virginia. She said, "Social-emotional well-being has become an excuse to intervene in the lives of children in the most intimate of ways that are both dangerous and irresponsible."
But educators say the class helps students deal with pressure and emotions. And it will help them in the classroom and life.
Dan Domenech is the executive director of the national School Superintendents6 Association. He said, "We are finally beginning to recognize that school is more than just teaching the kids reading, writing and arithmetic." Just as a hungry child cannot learn, Domenech added, a child with a troubled mind cannot pay attention to schoolwork.
Have we done enough?
A recent report by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that 44 percent of high school students said they experienced "feelings of sadness or hopelessness" during the pandemic.
President Joe Biden's administration recently announced over $500 million in assistance to expand mental health services in the country's schools. The money is in addition to federal and state money that schools have received to deal with pandemic-related needs.
Claire Chi is an 11th-grade student at State College Area High School in central Pennsylvania. She described the government's efforts as "temporary." Last year, her school added emergency counseling and therapy dogs, among other supports. But most of that help lasted a day or two, Chi said.
That's "not really a mental health investment for students," she said. This year, her school has added more counselors8 and plans mental health training for all 10th graders.
Many schools, however, are having trouble hiring counselors.
Goshen Junior High School in northwest Indiana has been struggling to replace a counselor7 who left last year. Jan Desmarais-Morse, one of two counselors left at the school, said, "One person trying to meet the needs of 500 students? It's impossible."
The American School Counselor Association recommends having one counselor for every 250 students. But few states in the country have that. For the 2021 school year, only two states — New Hampshire and Vermont — met that goal. That information is based on data from the National Center for Education Statistics.
The Associated Press found that some states have a very low number of counselors: Arizona averages one counselor for every 716 students. In Michigan, it is one for every 638 students. And in Minnesota, it is one for every 592 students.
Take a break
Lakewood Elementary school has used federal money to create "take-a-break" corners in each classroom. School counselor Shelly Kerr said students use the corner to learn to deal with concerns and worries. The school plans to build a "Reset9 Room" this autumn to create a safe area where students can speak with a counselor.
Houston, Texas, has one of the largest school systems in the country. There are 277 schools and nearly 200,000 students. Students are asked each morning to hold up their fingers showing how they feel. One finger means a child is hurting deeply; five means they feel great. Houston teachers now give mindfulness lessons. Two dogs -- a Chihuahua named Luci and a cockapoo named Omi -- have joined the school system's crisis team.
Houston also built relaxation10 rooms, known as Thinkeries, at 10 schools last year. The rooms cost about $5,000 each. Data show that schools with these rooms saw a 62 percent decrease in calls to a crisis line last year. The school system says it is building more Thinkeries this year.
In Irvine, California, an artist was busy painting images on the wall of a room called a "Well Space" at University High School. The room is designed to have an un-school-like feel. When school starts this week, counselors and mental health specialists will be in the Well Space to meet with students.
The goal of the Well Space is to normalize the idea of students asking for help and to give students a place to reset.
Tammy Blakeley is the Irvine school system's director of student support services. She said, "If they can re-center and refocus, they can then, after a short break, go back into their classrooms and be prepared for deeper learning."
Words in This Story
emoji - n. digital image used to express an idea, emotion, etc..
hire - v. to give work or a job to someone
gender - n. a person's own sense of being male, female, some combination or neither
intimate - adj. very personal and private
arithmetic - n. a branch of math that deals with numbers and their addition, subtraction, multiplication and division
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1
frustrated
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| adj.挫败的，失意的，泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧 | |
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miller
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| n.磨坊主 | |
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Founder
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| n.创始者，缔造者 | |
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well-being
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| n.安康，安乐，幸福 | |
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gender
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| n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性 | |
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superintendents
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| 警长( superintendent的名词复数 )； （大楼的）管理人； 监管人； （美国）警察局长 | |
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counselor
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| n.顾问，法律顾问 | |
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counselors
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| n.顾问( counselor的名词复数 )；律师；（使馆等的）参赞；（协助学生解决问题的）指导老师 | |
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reset
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| v.重新安排，复位；n.重新放置；重放之物 | |
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relaxation
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| n.松弛，放松；休息；消遣；娱乐 | |
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