VOA科学技术2023 中国计划2030年将宇航员送上月球

China Plans to Land Astronauts on Moon by 2030

中国计划2030年将宇航员送上月球

China's growing space program plans to put astronauts on the moon by 2030 and expand the country's orbiting space station, officials said earlier this week.

中国官员本周早些时候表示，中国太空计划不断发展，计划在2030年前将宇航员送上月球，并扩建中国的轨道空间站。

The announcement comes at a time of competition with the United States over space exploration and global issues.

在此消息宣布之际，中国正在太空探索和全球问题上与美国展开较量。

The Chinese and U.S. competition is similar in some ways to the space race between the United States and the former Soviet¹ Union in the 1960s and 1970s. However, experts say American spending, supply chains and abilities put it ahead of China -- for now.

中美之间的较量在某些方面类似于上世纪六七十年代美国和前苏联之间的太空竞赛。然而，专家表示，美国的支出、供应链和实力使其目前领先于中国。

The U.S. plans to land astronauts on the moon by the end of 2025. NASA is working with private companies SpaceX and Blue Origin to help with the moon landings.

美国计划在2025年底前让宇航员登上月球。美国宇航局正在跟私营公司太空探索技术公司以及蓝色起源公司合作以帮助登月。

China's space agency this week also introduced three astronauts heading to its space station. They will replace a crew that has been on the orbiting station for six months.

中国航天局本周还介绍了三位前往该国空间站的宇航员。他们将顶替已经在轨道站工作了6个月的乘组人员。

"We have a complete near-Earth human space station and human round-trip transportation system," said Lin Xiqiang, deputy director of the Chinese Manned Space Agency.

中国载人航天工程办公室副主任林西强表示：“我们拥有完备的近地载人空间站和载人天地往返运输系统。”

Lin added that a plan of two crewed missions a year should be enough for their program goals.

林西强还说，每年两次的载人飞行任务应该足以实现他们的计划目标。

Reports say the Tiangong space station finished in November.

报道称，天宫空间站将于11月竣工。

The Shenzhou 16 rocket will carry the three astronauts to the station. There, the team will briefly² spend time with the other three astronauts who have lived on the station for the past six months.

神州十六号火箭将把三名宇航员送至空间站。在那里，该团队将与过去半年居住在空间站的另外三名宇航员短暂相处。

Mission commander Jing Haipeng recently spoke³ to reporters at the launch site outside the northwestern city of Jiuquan. Jing said the mission marked "a new stage of application and development" in China's space program.

指令长景海鹏最近在西北城市酒泉外的发射场接受了记者采访。景海鹏表示，这次任务标志着中国太空计划进入了“应用和发展的新阶段”。

"We firmly believe that the spring of China's space science has arrived, and we have the determination, confidence, and ability to . . . complete the mission," said Jing, a major general who has already made three space flights.

曾执行三次太空飞行任务的景海鹏少将说：“我们坚信，中国空间科学的春天已经到来，我们有决心、有信心、 有能力坚决完成任务。”

China's first manned space mission in 2003 made it the third country to put a person into space.

中国在2003年进行的首次载人航天飞行任务使其成为第三个将人类送到太空的国家。

China built its own space station after it was excluded from the International Space Station (ISS). This was largely because of U.S. objections to China's space program. The U.S. was worried about close connections between the program and the People's Liberation Army, the military part of the Chinese Communist Party.

中国被排除在国际空间站之外，之后便建造了自己的空间站。这主要是因为美国反对中国的太空计划。美国担心该计划与中国人民解放军之间的密切联系。

Five partner organizations, including the European Space Agency and NASA, control the operations of the ISS.

包括欧洲航天局和美国宇航局在内的五个伙伴组织控制着国际空间站的运行。

The U.S. plans to land near the moon's south pole near the end of 2025. Scientists believe that area contains frozen water.

美国计划2025年底前在月球南极附近着陆。科学家们认为那个地区有冰冻的水。

Both China and the U.S. are looking at plans to build permanent bases on the moon. This brings questions about rights and interests on the moon's surface.

中国和美国都考虑在月球上建立永久基地的计划。这就带来了有关月球表面权益的问题。

American law does not permit much cooperation between the two countries' space programs. However, China says it welcomes foreign offers to work together on space projects.

美国法律不允许两国在太空计划上进行太多合作。然而，中国表示欢迎外国提出在太空项目上合作。

Li Yingliang is the technology director of the Chinese crewed space flight agency. He said China hoped for more international collaboration⁴, including with the U.S.

李应良(音译)是中国载人航天飞行机构的技术负责人。他说，中国希望加强国际合作，包括与美国的合作。

As long as the goal is to use space for peaceful purposes, Li said, "we are willing to cooperate and communicate with any country or aerospace⁵ organization."

李说，只要目标是和平利用太空，“我们愿意与任何国家或航空航天组织合作与交流。”

Other organizations and countries, from India and the United Arab Emirates to Israel and the European Union, are also planning missions to the moon.

 

从印度和阿联酋，到以色列和欧盟，其他组织和国家也在计划登月任务。

1 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

2 briefly   

adv.简单地，简短地

参考例句：

• I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.我想简单地谈一下这个问题的另一方面。
• He was kidnapped and briefly detained by a terrorist group.他被一个恐怖组织绑架并短暂拘禁。

3 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

4 collaboration   

n.合作，协作；勾结

参考例句：

• The two companies are working in close collaboration each other.这两家公司密切合作。
• He was shot for collaboration with the enemy.他因通敌而被枪毙了。

5 aerospace   

adj.航空的，宇宙航行的

参考例句：

• The world's entire aerospace industry is feeling the chill winds of recession.全世界的航空航天工业都感受到了经济衰退的寒意。
• Edward Murphy was an aerospace engineer for the US Army.爱德华·墨菲是一名美军的航宇工程师。