VOA词汇掌故2024--Is It Real or Bogus?

Is It Real or Bogus?

　　And now, Words and Their Stories, from VOA Learning English.

　　You can trust that we are actually Voice of America Learning English. We are the real deal. We are authentic¹.

　　In other words, we are not bogus.

　　Bogus is an adjective that means fake or phony. Something bogus is not genuine. It is a fraud. It's fraudulent.

　　For example, the man's huge diamond ring was bogus. He told everyone it was a real diamond. But actually, it was just a piece of glass.

　　Bogus can describe something that is a lie.

　　If something like an explanation or reason is bogus, it's not true. For example, an employee might call her employer to say she needs a sick day off from work. But during the call, her boss hears loud, live music in the background. The employee was clearly at a music show. Her reason for not being at work was bogus.

　　We could also say the employee's excuse did not hold water. Her excuse for missing work sounded bogus. It was not believable. It didn't hold water.

　　Experts at the online dictionary Merriam-Webster explain that bogus began as a noun. In the early 19th century in the U.S., a bogus was a machine that made counterfeit², or fake, money.

　　Here's a fun fact: You can call bogus, counterfeit money funny money.

　　Here is another word related to bogus – sham³. Sham, a noun, describes a fake, made-up situation. We use shams⁴ to cover up the truth.

　　Let's hear some of these terms used in a short story.

　　Two roommates work together at a bank. One day, they decide to steal all the gold and jewelry⁵ held in the bank's safe. So, they plot. They plan it out. First, they need an alibi⁶. Where can they be while the robbery is actually happening? They create a bogus alibi. They tell police that at the time of the robbery, they were together at a volunteer event, cleaning up a local park by the town's river.

　　But after checking out their alibi, police brought the two in for questioning. Then detectives searched their shared apartment and found all the gold and jewels from the bank robbery.

　　What made the police suspect them? Can you guess what detectives found at the river park that proved their alibi was a sham? A dirty park and river! They both had a huge amount of trash! Clearly, no clean-up event had ever taken place.

　　Words in This Story

　　authentic – adj. not false or imitation : real, actual

　　bogus – adj. not genuine

　　phony – adj. not genuine or real : intended to deceive or mislead

　　genuine – adj. not pretended : sincere, honest

　　fraud – n. an act of deceiving or misrepresenting : trick

　　did not hold water – idiom : to not be or not appear to be true, verifiable, or able to be supported by facts

　　counterfeit – adj. made in imitation of something else with intent to deceive

1 authentic   

a.真的，真正的；可靠的，可信的，有根据的

参考例句：

• This is an authentic news report. We can depend on it. 这是篇可靠的新闻报道, 我们相信它。
• Autumn is also the authentic season of renewal. 秋天才是真正的除旧布新的季节。

2 counterfeit   

vt.伪造，仿造；adj.伪造的，假冒的

参考例句：

• It is a crime to counterfeit money.伪造货币是犯罪行为。
• The painting looked old but was a recent counterfeit.这幅画看上去年代久远，实际是最近的一幅赝品。

3 sham   

n./adj.假冒(的)，虚伪(的)

参考例句：

• They cunningly played the game of sham peace.他们狡滑地玩弄假和平的把戏。
• His love was a mere sham.他的爱情是虚假的。

4 shams   

假象( sham的名词复数 )； 假货； 虚假的行为（或感情、言语等）； 假装…的人

参考例句：

• Are those real diamonds or only shams? 那些是真钻石还是赝品？
• Tear away their veil of shams! 撕开他们的假面具吧！

5 jewelry   

n.（jewllery）（总称）珠宝

参考例句：

• The burglars walked off with all my jewelry.夜盗偷走了我的全部珠宝。
• Jewelry and lace are mostly feminine belongings.珠宝和花边多数是女性用品。

6 alibi   

n.某人当时不在犯罪现场的申辩或证明；借口

参考例句：

• Do you have any proof to substantiate your alibi? 你有证据表明你当时不在犯罪现场吗？
• The police are suspicious of his alibi because he already has a record.警方对他不在场的辩解表示怀疑，因为他已有前科。