Project Apollo Part 2

By Marilyn Rice Christiano

Broadcast: August 20, 2003
(THEME)
ANNCR:
Explorations -- a program in Special English by the Voice of America.
(THEME)
(Apollo Eleven Countdown)
A rocket launch¹ countdown. A common sound in the nineteen-sixties. But this was not just another launch. It was the beginning of an historic² event. It was the countdown for Apollo Eleven -- the space flight that would carry men to the first landing³ on the moon.
(Countdown continues)
The ground shook at Cape⁴ Kennedy, Florida the morning of July sixteenth, nineteen-sixty nine. The huge Saturn⁵ Five rocket moved slowly up into the sky. It rose perfectly⁶. Someone on the launch crew spoke⁷ the words, "Good luck. And Godspeed. "
Today, Steve Ember and Dick Rael tell the story of the flight of Apollo Eleven.
VOICE ONE:
In the spacecraft at the top of the speeding rocket were three American astronauts whose names soon would be known around the world. Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin and Michael Collins.
Neil Armstrong was the commander of the 1)spacecraft. He was a test pilot. He had flown earlier on one of the two-man Gemini space flights. Armstrong was a calm person, a man who talked very little.
Edwin "Buzz⁸" Aldrin was pilot of the moon 2)lander vehicle. The astronauts gave it the name "Eagle." Aldrin had flown on the last of the Gemini flights. He also was a quiet man, except when he talked about space.
Michael Collins was the pilot of the command 3)module⁹ vehicle, "Columbia." He also had made a Gemini flight. He would wait in 4)orbit¹⁰ around the moon while Armstrong and Aldrin landed and explored the surface. Collins was very popular and always ready with a smile.
VOICE TWO:
Two-and-one-half minutes after the Apollo Eleven launch, the first-stage rocket separated from the spacecraft. Twelve minutes later, the spacecraft reached orbit. Its speed was twenty-nine-thousand kilometers an hour. Its orbit was one-hundred-sixty-five kilometers above the Earth.
This was the time for the crew to test all the spacecraft systems. Everything worked perfectly. So, the NASA flight director told them they were "go" for the moon. They fired the third-stage rocket. It increased the speed of the spacecraft to forty-thousand kilometers an hour. This was fast enough to escape the pull of the Earth's gravity.
Apollo Eleven was on its way to the moon. In seventy-seven hours, if all went well, Apollo Eleven would be there.
VOICE ONE:
Halfway to the moon, the astronauts broadcast a color television program to Earth. The broadcast showed how the astronauts lived in the spacecraft. It showed their instruments, food storage, and details of how they moved and worked without gravity to give them weight. The television broadcast also showed the Earth behind Apollo Eleven. And it showed the moon growing larger in the blackness ahead.
As hours passed, the pull of the moon's gravity grew stronger. Near the moon, the astronauts fired rockets to slow the spacecraft enough to put it into moon orbit.
VOICE TWO:
Apollo Eleven circled the moon while the crew prepared for the landing. Finally, spacecraft commander Armstrong and NASA flight controllers agreed it was time to separate the lander module "Eagle" from the command module "Columbia."
Armstrong and Aldrin moved through the small opening between the two spacecraft. Then they moved Eagle away from Columbia. Armstrong reported, "The Eagle has wings!" The 5)lunar module was ready. Men were about to land on the moon.
On Earth, all activity seemed to stop. President Richard Nixon gave federal¹¹ government workers the day off to watch the moon landing on television.
Around the world, five-hundred-million people watched the television report. Countless¹² millions more listened on their radios.
VOICE ONE:
Armstrong and Aldrin fired the lander rocket engine. The firing slowed the spacecraft and sent it down toward¹³ the landing place. It was in an area known as the "Sea of Tranquility. "
The lunar lander, controlled by a computer, dropped toward the airless surface of the moon. One-hundred-forty meters from the surface, the astronauts took control of the lander from the computer. They moved Eagle forward, away from a very rocky area that might have caused a difficult landing.
The voices of Aldrin and Armstrong could be heard in short messages. "Forward. . . Forward. . . Good. Forty feet. Kicking up some dust. Big shadow. Drifting¹⁴ to the right a little. Contact light. Okay. Engine stop. "
Armstrong reported, "Tranquility base here. The Eagle has landed!"
VOICE TWO:
NASA's plan had called for the astronauts to test instruments, eat and then rest for four hours before leaving the Eagle. But Armstrong and Aldrin asked to cancel the four-hour sleep period. They wanted to go out onto the moon as soon as they could get ready.
NASA controllers agreed.
It took the astronauts more than three hours to complete the preparations for leaving the lander. It was difficult -- in Eagle's small space -- to get into space suits that would protect them on the moon's surface.
VOICE ONE:
Finally, Armstrong and Aldrin were ready. They opened the door. Armstrong went out first and moved slowly down the ladder. At two hours fifty-six Greenwich Mean Time on July twentieth, nineteen-sixty-nine, Neil Armstrong put his foot on the moon.
"That's one small step for man," he said, "One giant leap for mankind."
The world could see the history-making event on television. But the man who was closest to what was happening, Michael Collins, could only listen. He was orbiting¹⁵ the moon in the command module Columbia. It did not have a television receiver.
VOICE TWO:
Armstrong moved carefully away from the Eagle. He left the cold, black shadow of the lander and stepped into the blinding white light of the sun.
On Earth, all was quiet. No sound came from televisions or radios. No one felt able to talk about what was happening.
Armstrong began to describe what he saw. "The surface appears to be very, very fine grain, like a powder. I can kick it loosely with my toes. I can see footprints of my boots in the small, fine particles¹⁶. No trouble to walk around.”
VOICE ONE:
Aldrin appeared on the ladder. Down he came, very slowly.
Soon, both men were busy placing experiments to be left behind on the moon. They collected more than thirty kilograms of rock and soil to take back to Earth. They moved easily and quickly, because the moon's gravity is six times less than Earth's.
Hours passed. Too soon, it was time to return to the Eagle. Armstrong and Aldrin re-entered the lander. They rested for a while. Then they began to prepare to launch the lander for the return flight to the orbiting command module.
VOICE TWO:
Listeners on Earth heard the countdown from Tranquility Base. "Three, two, one. . . first stage engine on ascent¹⁷. Proceed¹⁸. Beautiful. Twenty-six. . . thirty-six feet per second up. Very smooth, very quiet ride." Eagle was flying. Man had been on the moon for twenty-one and one-half hours.
Eagle moved into the orbit of the command module. It connected with Columbia. Armstrong and Aldrin rejoined Collins in the command ship. They separated from Eagle and said good-bye to it. The lander had done its job well.
VOICE ONE:
Eight days after it started its voyage to the moon, Apollo Eleven splashed¹⁹ down in the Pacific Ocean. Left behind on the moon were the footprints of Armstrong and Aldrin, an American flag and scientific equipment. Also left forever on the moon is a sign with these words:
"Here men from the planet²⁰ Earth first set foot on the Moon -- July, nineteen-sixty-nine A. D. We came in peace for all mankind. "
(THEME)
ANNCR:
This Special English program was written by Marilyn Rice Christiano. It was produced by Caty Weaver²¹. Your narrators were Steve Ember and Dick Rael. This is Phoebe Zimmermann. Listen again next week at this time to Explorations on the Voice of America as we continue the story of the Apollo space flight program.

注释：
1) spacecraft [5speiskrB:ft] n.太空船
2) lander [5lAndE] n.着陆者
3) module [5mCdju:l] n.登月舱
4) orbit [5C:bit] n.轨道
5) lunar [5lju:nE] adj.月球的

1 launch   

vt.发动，推出；发射；n.发射，下水，投产

参考例句：

• The makers are about to launch out a new product.制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。
• Would it be wise to launch into this rough sea?在这样汹涌的大海中游泳明智吗？

2 historic   

adj.历史上著名的，具有历史意义的

参考例句：

• This is a historic occasion.这是具有重大历史意义的时刻。
• We are living in a great historic era.我们正处在一个伟大的历史时代。

3 landing   

n.登陆；着陆；楼梯平台

参考例句：

• Owing to engine trouble,the plane had to make a forced landing.由于发动机出了毛病，飞机不得不进行迫降。
• When are we landing?我们什么时候着陆？

4 cape   

n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风

参考例句：

• I long for a trip to the Cape of Good Hope.我渴望到好望角去旅行。
• She was wearing a cape over her dress.她在外套上披着一件披肩。

5 Saturn   

n.农神，土星

参考例句：

• Astronomers used to ask why only Saturn has rings.天文学家们过去一直感到奇怪，为什么只有土星有光环。
• These comparisons suggested that Saturn is made of lighter materials.这些比较告诉我们，土星由较轻的物质构成。

6 perfectly   

adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
• Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。

7 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

8 buzz   

v.充满了激动或活动的声音，发出低沉的声音

参考例句：

• My brain was in buzz.我的脑袋嗡嗡响。
• A buzz went through the crowded courtroom.拥挤的法庭里响起了一片乱哄哄的说话声。

9 module   

n.组件，模块，模件；(航天器的)舱

参考例句：

• The centre module displays traffic guidance information.中央模块显示交通引导信息。
• Two large tanks in the service module held liquid oxygen.服务舱的两个大气瓶中装有液态氧。

10 orbit   

n.轨道；vt.使沿轨道运行；使进入轨道运行；vi.沿轨道运行，环行

参考例句：

• The space rocket was launched and went into orbit.宇宙火箭发射后进入轨道。
• We can draw the earth's orbit round the sun.我们可以画出地球绕太阳运行的轨迹。

11 federal   

adj.联盟的；联邦的；(美国)联邦政府的

参考例句：

• Switzerland is a federal republic.瑞士是一个联邦共和国。
• The schools are screaming for federal aid.那些学校强烈要求联邦政府的援助。

12 countless   

adj.无数的，多得不计其数的

参考例句：

• In the war countless innocent people lost their lives.在这场战争中无数无辜的人丧失了性命。
• I've told you countless times.我已经告诉你无数遍了。

13 toward   

prep.对于，关于，接近，将近，向，朝

参考例句：

• Suddenly I saw a tall figure approaching toward the policeman.突然间我看到一个高大的身影朝警察靠近。
• Upon seeing her,I smiled and ran toward her. 看到她我笑了，并跑了过去。

14 drifting   

a.弥漫的

参考例句：

• Some people enjoy that kind of life, drifting from pillar to post. 有些人喜欢这种生活，到处漂泊游荡。
• The ship was found after drifting on the ocean for six months. 那条船在海上漂流了6个月后找到了。

15 orbiting   

a.环绕的

参考例句：

• This orbiting telescope is the largest optical instrument in space. 这种轨道望远镜是宇宙中最大的光学仪器。 来自中级百科部分
• Let's pretend we' re on the spaceship orbiting round the earth ! 让我们假装是在沿轨道绕地球运转的宇宙飞船上！

16 particles   

微粒( particle的名词复数 )； 颗粒； 极少量； 小品词

参考例句：

• These small particles agglomerate together to form larger clusters. 这些颗粒聚结形成较大的团。
• The nucleus of an atom consists of neutrons, protons and other particles. 原子核由中子、质子和其他粒子构成。

17 ascent   

n.(声望或地位)提高；上升，升高；登高

参考例句：

• His rapid ascent in the social scale was surprising.他的社会地位提高之迅速令人吃惊。
• Burke pushed the button and the elevator began its slow ascent.伯克按动电钮，电梯开始缓慢上升。

18 proceed   

vi.着手，继续进行；前进，行进

参考例句：

• Wrong opinions often proceed from lack of information.错误的看法往往产生于不了解情况。
• Let's proceed with our work.我们接着干吧。

19 splashed   

v.使（液体）溅起( splash的过去式和过去分词 )；（指液体）溅落

参考例句：

• Water splashed onto the floor. 水哗的一声泼洒在地板上。
• The cowboy splashed his way across the shallow stream with his cow. 牧童牵着牛淌过浅溪。 来自《简明英汉词典》

20 planet   

n.行星

参考例句：

• Neptune is the furthest planet from the sun. 海王星是离太阳最远的行星。
• Rubbish, however, is only part of the problem of polluting our planet. 然而, 垃圾只是我们这个星球的污染问题的一个方面。

21 weaver   

n.织布工；编织者

参考例句：

• She was a fast weaver and the cloth was very good.她织布织得很快，而且布的质量很好。
• The eager weaver did not notice my confusion.热心的纺织工人没有注意到我的狼狈相。