Breastfeeding and AIDS

23 患爱滋病的母亲不宜母乳喂养婴儿

DATE=3-19-01
TITLE=DEVELOPMENT REPORT - Breastfeeding and AIDS
BYLINE=Jill Moss¹

(Start at 1'00")This is a the VOA Special English Development Report.
Some scientists believe that a mother with the disease² (1)AIDS who breastfeeds her baby increases the baby's chance of getting the disease. However, a new report has found that women infected with the AIDS (2)virus put their babies in greater danger by not breastfeeding them.
Michael Latham is a professor of international (3)nutrition at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. He and another expert went to Africa last year to examine AIDS programs and policies. The two scientists spoke³ with government and non-government (4)officials in Kenya, Uganda, (5)Namibia and (6)Botswana. They discovered an unnecessary fear that breastfeeding causes higher cases of the H-I-V AIDS virus among babies. Instead, Mister⁴ Latham says only three to six percent of babies are likely to become infected if they receive breast milk from an infected mother.
Peter Lamptey leads AIDS prevention programs for an international public health organization in North Carolina. He says another study has results similar to Mister Latham's report. The study was done in South Africa in Nineteen-Ninety-Nine among mothers with H-I-V and their babies. The researches discovered that a baby's chances of getting H-I-V depends on what the baby is fed.
The study found that only eight percent of babies given only breast milk in their first three months of life became infected with the AIDS virus. Thirteen percent of babies given only processed milk for babies, or (7)formula⁵, became infected. But twenty percent of babies who were given both formula and breast milk became infected with H-I-V.
Doctors call this last method "mixed feeding." They say it may cause AIDS to be (8)spread quickly from mother to baby for two reasons. First, formula may damage the walls of the baby's (9)intestine⁶. Second, the breast milk of a mother with H-I-V can cause her baby's intestine to become even more infected.
Instead of "mixed feeding," doctors say breast milk is the best way to protect against the AIDS virus. Even if the mother is infected, her body (10)develops (11)antibodies against the disease that are passed on to her baby.
Experts say more studies are needed. However, Mister Latham hopes his research will teach mothers with AIDS that breastfeeding is a safe and helpful (12)process.
This VOA Special English Development Report was written by Jill Moss.

 
(1) AIDS[eIdz]abbr.爱滋病, 获得性免疫功能丧失综合症(Acquired Immure⁷ Deficiency⁸ Syndrome)
(2) virus[ 5vaiErEs ]n.[微]病毒, 滤过性微生物, 毒害, 恶毒
(3) nutrition[ nju:5triFEn ]n.营养, 营养学
(4) official[ E5fiFEl ]n.官员, 公务员adj.职务上的, 公务的, 官方的, 正式的
(5) Namibia[ nE5mi:biE ]n. 纳米比亚
(6) Botswana[ bCt5swB:nE ]n.博茨瓦纳(位于南非共和国内,于1966年独立)
(7) formula[ 5fC:mjulE ]n.公式, 规则, 客套语
(8) spread[ spred ]n.伸展, 展开, 传播, 蔓延, 酒席, 宴会, 桌布v.伸展, 展开, 铺, 涂, 敷, 摆, 传播, 散布
(9) intestine[ in5testin ]adj.内部的, 国内的n.[解, 动]肠
(10) develop[ di5velEp ]vt.发展, 发达, 发扬, 进步, 逐步展开(情节,音乐主题,方程式等)洗印, 显影vi.发展, 生长, 发育, 逐步显示出来
(11) antibody[ 5Anti7bCdi ]n.抗体
(12) process[ prE5ses ]n.过程, 作用, 方法, 程序, 步骤, 进行, 推移vt.加工, 处理

1 moss   

n.苔，藓，地衣

参考例句：

• Moss grows on a rock.苔藓生在石头上。
• He was found asleep on a pillow of leaves and moss.有人看见他枕着树叶和苔藓睡着了。

2 disease   

n.疾病，弊端

参考例句：

• The doctors are trying to stamp out the disease.医生正在尽力消灭这种疾病。
• He fought against the disease for a long time.他同疾病做了长时间的斗争。

3 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

4 mister   

n.(略作Mr.全称很少用于书面)先生

参考例句：

• Mister Smith is my good friend.史密斯先生是我的好朋友。
• He styled himself " Mister Clean ".他自称是“清廉先生”。

5 formula   

n.公式；配方，外方；规则，一定的做法

参考例句：

• His father is acting on his formula.他的父亲总是按他的原则办事。
• Here are some applications of Taylor's formula.下面举例说明泰乐定理的应用。

6 intestine   

adj.内部的；国内的；n.肠

参考例句：

• This vitamin is absorbed through the walls of the small intestine.这种维生素通过小肠壁被吸收。
• The service productivity is the function,including external efficiency,intestine efficiency and capacity efficiency.服务业的生产率是一个包含有外部效率、内部效率和能力效率的函数。

7 immure   

v.囚禁，幽禁

参考例句：

• He immure himself in a small room to work undisturbed.他自己关在小屋里埋头工作，以免受到骚扰。
• In time,the infection became known as "Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome"很快，这种疾病被称为“获得性免疫缺陷综合症”。

8 deficiency   

n.缺乏，不足，缺点，缺陷

参考例句：

• During the war children suffered from a deficiency of food.战争期间孩子们遭受缺乏食物之苦。
• Fortunately,color deficiency is not a serious medical problem.幸运的是，色盲并不是一种严重的医学问题。