Cheese from Camels

>

79 如何提取骆驼奶制作乳酪

DATE=8-7-01
TITLE=AGRICULTURE REPORT - Cheese from Camels
BYLINE=George Grow

（Start at 59"This is Bill White with the VOA Special English AGRICULTURE REPORT.
(1)Camels have carried people and their goods for centuries. However, camels do more than provide transportation across deserts.
People in desert areas use camel hair to make (2)rugs, (3)temporary housing and clothes. They burn the solid waste from the animals for (4)fuel. People also use camels for meat and milk in areas where growing food is difficult.
However, camel milk is rarely made into cheese, a food made from the milk of other animals. One reason is that camel milk is more difficult to (5)curdle² or thicken than other kinds of milk. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization is helping³ people solve the problem.
The main goal in cheese-making is to get the milk to form curds⁴ and whey. Curd¹ is a soft (6)substance made from treated milk. The curd contains a liquid called (7)whey. The whey must be (8)expelled from the curd before cheese is made.
Modern cheese-making methods help the curdling⁵ process by adding a bacterial⁶ substance or starter. The starter produces (9)lactic acid and (10)rennet, a substance from cows that contains a special (11)enzyme⁷. The enzyme speeds up the separation of liquids and solids. Camel milk is different from other kinds of milk because traditional rennet does not affect it.
F-A-O officials say fifty percent of camel milk is wasted in some cultures because people use it only as a fresh drink. They say making cheese is a way to save milk and create a product for use in trade.
Several years ago, the F-A-O ordered a study of the problem. J.P. Ramet is a French agricultural expert. Mister Ramet carried out experiments in Saudi Arabia and Tunisia. He found a way to curdle camel milk by adding the chemical (12)calcium (13)phosphate and vegetable rennet.
The next step was to see how camel cheese production might work. In Nineteen-Ninety-Four, the F-A-O began assisting a milk production center in (14)Mauritania with camel cheese production. F-A-O officials provided technical help and machinery⁸. The milk center successfully produced camel cheese. However, many Mauritanians are not used to eating cheese. So only small amounts of the camel cheese are being sold in Mauritania’s capital.
F-A-O officials believe the technology for making camel cheese could help many people in desert areas.
This VOA Special English AGRICULTURE REPORT was written by George Grow.

(1) camel [‘kAm([)l] n. 骆驼, [船](打捞用的)浮筒
(2) rug [rQg] n. (小)地毯, 垫子
(3) temporary [‘temp[r[ri] adj. 暂时的, 临时的, 临时性
(4) fuel [fjU:[l]n. 燃料; vt. 加燃料, 供以燃料; vi. 得到燃料
(5) curdle [‘k:dl] v. 凝固
(6) substance [‘sQbst[ns] n. 物质, 实质, 主旨
(7) whey [wei] n. 乳清, 乳水
(8) expel [iks’pel] v. 驱逐, 开除, 排出, 发射
(9) lactic [‘lAktik] adj. 乳的, 乳汁的
(10) rennet [‘renit] n. 牛犊胃内膜, 法国产的一种苹果
(11) enzyme [‘enzaim] n. [生化]酶
(12) calcium [‘kAlsi[m] n. [化]钙(元素符号Ca)
(13) phosphate [‘fRsfeit] n. 磷酸盐
(14) mauritania [mRri’teini[] n. [史]毛利塔尼亚(北非古国)

 

 

1 curd   

n.凝乳；凝乳状物

参考例句：

• I'd like to add some pepper to the bean curd.我想在豆腐里加一点辣椒粉。
• The next one is bean curd with crab roe.下一个是蟹黄豆腐。

2 curdle   

v.使凝结，变稠

参考例句：

• The sauce should not boil or the egg yolk will curdle.调味汁不能煮沸，不然蛋黄会凝结的。
• The sight made my blood curdle.那景象使我不寒而栗。

3 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

4 curds   

n.凝乳( curd的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Little miss muffet sat on a tuffet eating some curds and whey. 小玛菲特小姐坐在垫子上，吃着凝乳和乳清。 来自互联网
• The curds contain casein, fat and minerals. 凝乳中有酪蛋白、脂肪、矿物质。 来自互联网

5 curdling   

n.凝化v.（使）凝结( curdle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Curdling occurs when milk turns sour and forms solid2 chunks. 凝结时牛奶变酸并且结成2大块固体。 来自互联网
• The sluggish cream wound curdling spirals through her tea. 黏糊糊的奶油在她的红茶里弯弯曲曲地凝结成螺旋形。 来自互联网

6 bacterial   

a.细菌的

参考例句：

• Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间，细菌繁殖加快了。
• Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。

7 enzyme   

n.酵素，酶

参考例句：

• Above a certain temperature,the enzyme molecule will become unfolded.超过一定温度，酶分子将会展开。
• An enzyme that dissolves the fibrin of blood clots.能溶解血凝块中的纤维的酶。

8 machinery   

n.(总称)机械，机器；机构

参考例句：

• Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗？
• Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。