116 南斯拉夫将与国际法庭进行合作

116 南斯拉夫将与国际法庭进行合作

Yugoslavia Tribunal Gathers SteamRoger Wilkison
Brussels
5 Jul 2001 12:22 UTC

Bosnian Serb Prime Minister Mladen Ivanic went to The Hague Wednesday to meet with officials of the internarional war crimes 1)tribunal. Mr. Ivanic's visit has fueled 2)speculation about possible cooperation between his Bosnian Serb government and the court, following Yugoslavia's hand-over of former President Slobodan Milosevic to the tribunal last week. The visit has also raised hopes that the court's two most wanted 3)fugitives¹, former Bosnian Serb leaders Radovan Karadzic and Ratko Mladic, may follow Mr. Milosevic to The Hague.
The tribunal's chief 4)prosecutor², Carla Del Ponte, says Mr. Milosevic's arrival in The Hague marks a turning point that all authorities in the former Yugoslavia must recognize. The Serb 5)entity in Bosnia is the only part of the former Yugoslavia that has yet to begin cooperating with the tribunal. Ms. Del Ponte, who wants to try Mr. Karadzic and Mr. Mladic on genocide charges, has questioned the will of NATO forces in Bosnia to 6)track down the two fugitives. "Radovan Karadzic and Ratko Mladic were first indicted³ almost six years ago," she says. "The fact that they have not been arrested when we are preparing the trial of other members of the Bosnian Serb leadership is 7)scandalous."
Even diplomats⁴ at NATO admit that allied⁵ troops in Bosnia have 8)shied away from tracking down the two men because they are reluctant to suffer 9)casualties. But Ms. Del Ponte says she is hopeful the surrender of Mr. Milosevic will lead to more arrests of war crimes suspects. She has described the hand-over of the former Yugoslav strongman as a landmark⁶ in the international fight against 10)impunity.
Richard Dicker, of Human Rights Watch, says the tribunal's case against Mr. Milosevic is an attempt to bring justice to all of those who have suffered and died over the past decade in the former Yugoslavia. "To see a man who a few short months ago was head of state brought before an international court charged with war crimes and crimes against humanity is a very significant development," says Mr. Decker. "It's a victory for those 11)victimized by these crimes."
Mr. Milosevic said during his first appearance before the tribunal on Tuesday that he does not recognize the court's legitimacy⁷, and, therefore, will not appoint lawyers to defend him. "I consider this tribunal a false tribunal and the indictments⁸ false indictments," he said. "It is 12)illegal...so I have no need to appoint 13)counsel to illegal organ."
But tribunal spokesman Jim Landale says it would be in Mr. Milosevic's interest to appoint lawyers to help him, instead of trying to defend himself. "There is an enormous volume of material that he'll have to process, once the 14)prosecution discloses all the evidence and materials supporting their charges," he says. "So, that's another very good reason why you would need additional help in the form of legal counsel."
Mr. Milosevic has said the tribunal's aim is to justify⁹ what he calls NATO's crimes against Yugoslavia, which the alliance bombed during 11 weeks in 1999, to force Mr. Milosevic to withdraw his troops from Kosovo. He stands accused of crimes against humanity, 15)stemming from his government's persecution¹⁰ of 16)ethnic Albanians in that Serbian province.
Aleksandar Popovic, a top official of current Yugoslav President Vojislav Kostunica's Democratic Party of Serbia, says Mr. Milosevic will conduct a political rather than a legal defense¹¹ of his actions. Mr. Popovic, like many Serbs, thinks the tribunal is 17)biased against his country and that NATO should be put on trial, too. "He will say NATO committed some war crimes. NATO bombed a bridge full of 18)civilians¹². NATO twice bombed busses loaded with civilians," says Mr. Popovic. "NATO bombed a railroad bridge with a train full of civilians on it. This is the truth. So he will say that and he will ask: Why don't you prosecute¹³ anyone from NATO?"
Attorneys for the tribunal acknowledge that the proceedings¹⁴ against Mr. Milosevic will be long and complex. But Deputy Chief Prosecutor Graham Blewitt says the case against the former strongman is solid. "I've got no doubt at all that we will be able to establish Mr. Milosevic's 19)guilt in terms of the charges contained in the 20)indictment," he says.
The prosecutors¹⁵ will have to establish that Mr. Milosevic planned and organized the crimes he is 21)charged with, or that he bears indirect responsibility for them, because he did not stop them from occurring.
Balkans expert Misha Glenny, who has closely watched Mr. Milosevic's career, says the charges may be difficult to prove because the former Yugoslav leader has always been very careful to cover his tracks. "He is not a person who likes to write things. When he does write things, I think that he knows that they are not necessarily 22)incriminating," he says. "He 23)ignores things. He forgets things sometimes, so there may be things that he has overlooked. But I don't think it's 24)definitely going to be very easy to find a lot of smoking guns around Milosevic."
Mr. Glenny also warns that Mr. Milosevic's 25)extradition to The Hague does not mean that the Balkans will calm down anytime soon. He says Macedonia is 26)on the verge¹⁶ of civil war. "The Albanians and Macedonians of the country are victims, in my opinion, of a Serbo-Croat war, which was essentially¹⁷ started by Milosevic, ably assisted by the late Croatian president, Franjo Tudjman. And so the influence of his actions is still there," says Mr. Glenny. "The Balkans are in 27)turmoil. They need assistance and help. And we mustn't fall into the trap of thinking that, just because Milosevic is out of the way, that the region is somehow going to stabilize¹⁸."
Mr. Glenny says the Balkans are nowhere near the new 28)era of democracy and peace that international 29)policymakers were 30)heralding only a few months ago. He says the road to that goal - even without Mr. Milosevic standing¹⁹ in the way - is extremely long.

(1) tribunal[traI5bju:n(E)l]n.法官席, 审判员席, (特等)法庭
(2) speculation[spekjJ5leIF(E)n]n.思索, 做投机买卖
(3) fugitive[5fju:dVItIv]adj.逃亡的, 无常的n.逃亡者, 亡命者
(4) prosecutor[5prRsIkju:tE(r)]n.检举人
(5) entity[5entItI]n.实体
(6) track down v.追捕到
(7) scandalous[5skAndElEs]adj.诽谤性的
(8) shy away v.避开, 回避
(9) casualties人员伤亡
(10) impunity[Im5pju:nItI]n.不受惩罚, 免罚, 无患
(11) victimize[5vIktImaIz]v.牺牲
(12) illegal[I5li:^(E)l]adj.违法的, 不合规定的
(13) counsel[5kaJns(E)l]n.讨论, 商议, 辩护律师vt.劝告, 忠告
(14) prosecution[prRsI5kju:F(E)n]n.进行, 经营, 检举, 起诉
(15) stem[stem]n.茎, 干v.滋生, 阻止
(16) ethnic[5eWnIk]adj.人种的, 种族的, 异教徒的
(17) biased[`baIEst]adj.结果偏倚的
(18) civilian[sI5vIlIEn]n.平民, 公务员adj.民间的, 民用的
(19) guilt[^Ilt]n.罪行, 内疚
(20) indictment[In5daItmEnt]n.控告
(21) charge with控告
(22) incriminate[In5krImIneIt]vt.控告...有罪, 使负罪, 控告
(23) ignore[I^5nC:(r)]vt.不理睬, 忽视, [律](因证据不足而)驳回诉讼
(24) definitely[5defInItlI]adv.明确地, 干脆地
(25) extradition[9ekstrE`dIFEn]n.(根据条约或法令对逃犯等的)引渡
(26) on the verge of adv.接近于, 濒临于
(27) turmoil[5t:mCIl]n.骚动, 混乱
(28) era[5IErE]n.时代, 纪元, 时期
(29) policymaker[ `pClEsI9meIkE(r) ]n.政策制定者,决策人
(30) herald[5herEld]vt.预报, 宣布, 传达, 欢呼

 

1 fugitives   

n.亡命者，逃命者( fugitive的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Three fugitives from the prison are still at large. 三名逃犯仍然未被抓获。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Members of the provisional government were prisoners or fugitives. 临时政府的成员或被捕或逃亡。 来自演讲部分

2 prosecutor   

n.起诉人；检察官，公诉人

参考例句：

• The defender argued down the prosecutor at the court.辩护人在法庭上驳倒了起诉人。
• The prosecutor would tear your testimony to pieces.检查官会把你的证言驳得体无完肤。

3 indicted   

控告，起诉( indict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The senator was indicted for murder. 那位参议员被控犯谋杀罪。
• He was indicted by a grand jury on two counts of murder. 他被大陪审团以两项谋杀罪名起诉。

4 diplomats   

n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人

参考例句：

• These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
• The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 allied   

adj.协约国的；同盟国的

参考例句：

• Britain was allied with the United States many times in history.历史上英国曾多次与美国结盟。
• Allied forces sustained heavy losses in the first few weeks of the campaign.同盟国在最初几周内遭受了巨大的损失。

6 landmark   

n.陆标，划时代的事，地界标

参考例句：

• The Russian Revolution represents a landmark in world history.俄国革命是世界历史上的一个里程碑。
• The tower was once a landmark for ships.这座塔曾是船只的陆标。

7 legitimacy   

n.合法，正当

参考例句：

• The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.报纸直接质疑政府的合法性。
• Managing from the top down,we operate with full legitimacy.我们进行由上而下的管理有充分的合法性。

8 indictments   

n.（制度、社会等的）衰败迹象( indictment的名词复数 )；刑事起诉书；公诉书；控告

参考例句：

• A New York jury brought criminal indictments against the founder of the organization. 纽约的一个陪审团对这个组织的创始人提起了多项刑事诉讼。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• These two indictments are self-evident and require no elaboration. 这两条意义自明，无须多说。 来自互联网

9 justify   

vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护

参考例句：

• He tried to justify his absence with lame excuses.他想用站不住脚的借口为自己的缺席辩解。
• Can you justify your rude behavior to me?你能向我证明你的粗野行为是有道理的吗？

10 persecution   

n. 迫害,烦扰

参考例句：

• He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
• Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。

11 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

12 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

13 prosecute   

vt.告发；进行；vi.告发，起诉，作检察官

参考例句：

• I am trying my best to prosecute my duties.我正在尽力履行我的职责。
• Is there enough evidence to prosecute?有没有起诉的足够证据？

14 proceedings   

n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报

参考例句：

• He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
• to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼

15 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

16 verge   

n.边，边缘；v.接近，濒临

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• She was on the verge of bursting into tears.她快要哭出来了。

17 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

18 stabilize   

vt.（使）稳定，使稳固，使稳定平衡；vi.稳定

参考例句：

• They are eager to stabilize currencies.他们急于稳定货币。
• His blood pressure tended to stabilize.他的血压趋向稳定。

19 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。