VOA标准英语2011-Number of Haitians Living in Displacement

The International Organization for Migration¹ reports a significant drop in the number of Haitians living in displacement² camps. IOM reports for the first time since the catastrophic earthquake struck a year ago, the camp population in Haiti has gone well below one million.

A countrywide survey finds 810,000 people still are living in informal sites in the Haitian capital Port-au-Prince and provinces. This is nearly half the estimated number of 1.5 million internally displaced Haitians who were living in camps last July.

IOM spokeswoman, Jemini Pandya, said people are leaving the camps at a rate of around 100,000 a month. The largest declines, she said, are in the south of the country in rural or semi-urban areas where housing options are more easily available.

"At first sight, these figures are a positive development," said Pandya. "People are leaving the camps because they are moving into transitional shelters or permanent homes or damaged homes that have now been repaired or because they have received other forms of assistance. Or, it is also because of storms, evictions, fear of evictions or the cholera³ outbreak that is forcing them to leave."

The Haitian Ministry⁴ of Health reports more than 3,650 people have died of cholera and the number of cases now stands at more than 170,000. It says the overall case fatality⁵ rate has dropped from a high of nine percent to 2.2 percent.

While this is a big improvement, health officials say the cholera epidemic⁶ has not yet peaked.

Pandya said much has been achieved over the past year. She noted⁷, however, there still is a long way to go before the displacement crisis in Haiti is resolved.

Emphasizing that durable⁸ housing and jobs are keys to long-term recovery, she said there are many obstacles to achieving them quickly.

"Issues over land tenure⁹ in particular, as well as the remaining rubble¹⁰, the lack of land preparation for construction and environmental concerns are blocking any significant progress," said Pandya. "Given these constraints¹¹, it is likely that camp life will continue to be a reality for hundreds of thousands of people in the months to come. IOM and its camp management cluster partners... are continuing to monitor 100 percent of all camps now, to track levels of service and to raise awareness¹² of the difficulties that the displaced face."

Pandya said transitional shelters are the best option for displaced people until more permanent houses can be built. These can last up to five years. She said IOM also is building more than 8,000 shelters in the most affected¹³ areas to assist the displaced. So far, she said IOM has completed 3,000 shelters

1 migration   

n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙

参考例句：

• Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
• He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。

2 displacement   

n.移置，取代，位移，排水量

参考例句：

• They said that time is the feeling of spatial displacement.他们说时间是空间位移的感觉。
• The displacement of all my energy into caring for the baby.我所有精力都放在了照顾宝宝上。

3 cholera   

n.霍乱

参考例句：

• The cholera outbreak has been contained.霍乱的发生已被控制住了。
• Cholera spread like wildfire through the camps.霍乱在营地里迅速传播。

4 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

5 fatality   

n.不幸，灾祸，天命

参考例句：

• She struggle against fatality in vain.她徒然奋斗反抗宿命。
• He began to have a growing sense of fatality.他开始有一种越来越强烈的宿命感。

6 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

7 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

8 durable   

adj.持久的，耐久的

参考例句：

• This raincoat is made of very durable material.这件雨衣是用非常耐用的料子做的。
• They frequently require more major durable purchases.他们经常需要购买耐用消费品。

9 tenure   

n.终身职位；任期；(土地)保有权，保有期

参考例句：

• He remained popular throughout his tenure of the office of mayor.他在担任市长的整个任期内都深得民心。
• Land tenure is a leading political issue in many parts of the world.土地的保有权在世界很多地区是主要的政治问题。

10 rubble   

n.（一堆）碎石，瓦砾

参考例句：

• After the earthquake,it took months to clean up the rubble.地震后，花了数月才清理完瓦砾。
• After the war many cities were full of rubble.战后许多城市到处可见颓垣残壁。

11 constraints   

强制( constraint的名词复数 )； 限制； 约束

参考例句：

• Data and constraints can easily be changed to test theories. 信息库中的数据和限制条件可以轻易地改变以检验假设。 来自英汉非文学 - 科学史
• What are the constraints that each of these imply for any design? 这每种产品的要求和约束对于设计意味着什么？ 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

12 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

13 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。