VOA常速英语2014--新开发银行将是金砖峰会重点

 

New Development Bank Likely to Top BRICS Summit Agenda 新开发银行将是金砖峰会重点

As Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff prepares for World Cup closing ceremonies on Sunday, she also is working on another big event. Her country will host the sixth annual BRICS summit on Monday. BRICS, the acronym¹ for a group of five emerging national economies with significant influence on regional and global affairs, includes Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.

The group of five will convene² for the two-day meeting in the northeastern Brazilian city of Fortaleza. Internal cooperation and sustainable development are likely to top the agenda of the two-day summit, said Harold Trinkunas of the Brookings Institution.

五国集团将在巴西东北部城市福塔雷萨开会。布鲁克林研究所的Harold Trinkunas说，国际合作和可持续发展可能将是两天峰会的主要议题。

“We should expect to see the announcement of a major new multilateral development bank in which the five-member state will each contribute a certain amount of capital -- up to $100 billion total over a number of years. There is also some discussion of setting up a contingent³ reserve authority which would sort of be an alternative to the IMF," said Trinkunas.

“我们有望看到会上宣布成立一个重要的新多边发展银行，五个成员国都将提供一定量的资本，几年内将筹集1000亿美元。同时将讨论成立一个相当于IMF的储备当局。”

Discussions to create a lending institution similar to the World Bank started in New Delhi two years ago, but the Indian government says nothing is set in stone yet. Sujata Mehta, with the country’s Foreign Ministry⁴, said, "We are still at the stage when we are negotiating it, so I wouldn't want to speculate what would be the roadmap we would be utilizing⁵."

两年前就在新德里协商，希望建立一个类似于世界银行的借贷机构，但印度政府称尚未完成协议。就职于印度外交部的Sujata Mehta说，“我们仍处于协商阶段，所以我不会去揣测下一步的路线图会怎样。”

Ross Anthony, of the Center for Chinese Studies at South Africa's Stellenbosch University, said establishing the bank would help the BRICS countries achieve tangible⁶ economic benefits.

罗斯·安东尼就职于南非斯泰伦布什大学的中国研究中心，他说建立这个银行将帮助金砖国家实现切实的经济利益。

"Without a bank, without something material that backs up rhetoric⁷ of these five economies grouping together, BRICS will remain more of a talking club than something more substantial," he said.

“没有银行，没有可以支持这五个经济体的切实物质，那么金砖国家将仍然是个协商的俱乐部，而不是更切实的东西。”

However, setting up a bank of that size and reach is not likely to yield immediate⁸ results.

然而，成立具备这样规模和影响力的银行不大可能会产生立竿见影的效果。

“Most of the other successful multi-lateral development banks that we know of, such as the World Bank, really took many years, decades even to really become fully⁹ operational and consolidated¹⁰ and establish a global reputation as lenders,” said Trinkunas.

“就我们所知的大多数其他成功的多边开发银行来说，比如世界银行，需要很多年，数十年才能真正可以运作并巩固，建立作为借贷者的世界声誉。”

There is also concern about economic growth slowing in most of the BRICS countries, but Trinkunas said most of the countries have large foreign currency reserves and are not expected to enter a major crisis anytime soon.

同时人们担心一些金砖国家经济放缓的现象，但Trinkunas说大多数国家都有大规模的外汇储备，不可能很快进入严重危机中。

Meanwhile, some critics say that as important as economic development issues are, international affairs issues also should be discussed. Russia's recent annexation¹¹ of Crimea is one example. While the United States and its European allies heavily criticized Russia, reaction from the BRICS countries was almost non-existent.

同时，有的批评家称国际事务和经济发展问题一样重要，也将得到谈论，比如最近俄罗斯吞并克里米亚的事件。同时美国及其欧洲盟国也严词批评俄罗斯，而金砖国家几乎没有对此作出反应。

There are also talks of adding more countries to the group, including Indonesia, Turkey and Nigeria.

同时还将谈论更多国家的加入问题，包括印尼、土耳其和尼日利亚。

As Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff prepares for World Cup closing ceremonies on Sunday, she also is working on another big event. Her country will host the sixth annual BRICS summit on Monday. BRICS, the acronym for a group of five emerging national economies with significant influence on regional and global affairs, includes Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.

The group of five will convene for the two-day meeting in the northeastern Brazilian city of Fortaleza. Internal cooperation and sustainable development are likely to top the agenda of the two-day summit, said Harold Trinkunas of the Brookings Institution.

“We should expect to see the announcement of a major new multilateral development bank in which the five-member state will each contribute a certain amount of capital -- up to $100 billion total over a number of years. There is also some discussion of setting up a contingent reserve authority which would sort of be an alternative to the IMF," said Trinkunas.

Discussions to create a lending institution similar to the World Bank started in New Delhi two years ago, but the Indian government says nothing is set in stone yet. Sujata Mehta, with the country’s Foreign Ministry, said, "We are still at the stage when we are negotiating it, so I wouldn't want to speculate what would be the roadmap we would be utilizing."

Ross Anthony, of the Center for Chinese Studies at South Africa's Stellenbosch University, said establishing the bank would help the BRICS countries achieve tangible economic benefits.

"Without a bank, without something material that backs up rhetoric of these five economies grouping together, BRICS will remain more of a talking club than something more substantial," he said.

However, setting up a bank of that size and reach is not likely to yield immediate results.

“Most of the other successful multi-lateral development banks that we know of, such as the World Bank, really took many years, decades even to really become fully operational and consolidated and establish a global reputation as lenders,” said Trinkunas.

There is also concern about economic growth slowing in most of the BRICS countries, but Trinkunas said most of the countries have large foreign currency reserves and are not expected to enter a major crisis anytime soon.

Meanwhile, some critics say that as important as economic development issues are, international affairs issues also should be discussed. Russia's recent annexation of Crimea is one example. While the United States and its European allies heavily criticized Russia, reaction from the BRICS countries was almost non-existent.

There are also talks of adding more countries to the group, including Indonesia, Turkey and Nigeria.

1 acronym   

n.首字母简略词，简称

参考例句：

• That's a mouthful of an acronym for a very simple technology.对于一项非常简单的技术来说，这是一个很绕口的缩写词。
• TSDF is an acronym for Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities.TSDF是处理，储存和处置设施的一个缩写。

2 convene   

v.集合，召集，召唤，聚集，集合

参考例句：

• The Diet will convene at 3p.m. tomorrow.国会将于明天下午三点钟开会。
• Senior officials convened in October 1991 in London.1991年10月，高级官员在伦敦会齐。

3 contingent   

adj.视条件而定的；n.一组，代表团，分遣队

参考例句：

• The contingent marched in the direction of the Western Hills.队伍朝西山的方向前进。
• Whether or not we arrive on time is contingent on the weather.我们是否按时到达要视天气情况而定。

4 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

5 utilizing   

v.利用，使用( utilize的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Utilizing an assembler to produce a machine-language program. 用汇编程序产生机器语言的过程。 来自辞典例句
• The study and use of devices utilizing properties of materials near absolute zero in temperature. 对材料在接近绝对零度时的特性进行研究和利用的学科。 来自辞典例句

6 tangible   

adj.有形的，可触摸的，确凿的，实际的

参考例句：

• The policy has not yet brought any tangible benefits.这项政策还没有带来任何实质性的好处。
• There is no tangible proof.没有确凿的证据。

7 rhetoric   

n.修辞学，浮夸之言语

参考例句：

• Do you know something about rhetoric?你懂点修辞学吗？
• Behind all the rhetoric,his relations with the army are dangerously poised.在冠冕堂皇的言辞背后，他和军队的关系岌岌可危。

8 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

9 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

10 consolidated   

a.联合的

参考例句：

• With this new movie he has consolidated his position as the country's leading director. 他新执导的影片巩固了他作为全国最佳导演的地位。
• Those two banks have consolidated and formed a single large bank. 那两家银行已合并成一家大银行。

11 annexation   

n.吞并，合并

参考例句：

• He mentioned the Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910 .他提及1910年日本对朝鲜的吞并。
• I regard the question of annexation as belonging exclusively to the United States and Texas.我认为合并的问题，完全属于德克萨斯和美国之间的事。