VOA常速英语2016--伊拉克库尔德斯坦

伊拉克库尔德斯坦

Kurdish Diji Terror, or counterterrorism forces, are some of the best trained and equipped in the fight against the Islamic State. They were set up by the U.S. military in 2002 to battle extremists in the mountains of Iraqi Kurdistan.

库尔德Diji反恐怖主义，也称反恐武装，是与伊斯兰国进行对抗的最优武装力量。他们是2002年由美军建立起来专门对抗伊拉克库尔德斯坦山地地区的极端主义。

Today, they battle IS — or ISIL, as it is also known —in broad daylight and in daring nighttime raids.

今天，他们和以昼夜连续作战而闻名的IS（也称ISIL）展开对抗。

Lahor Talabani, who leads this force, believes in the importance of knowing your enemy well.

Lahor Talabani是这支武装力量的领军人物，他坚信了解自己的军队会对战争结果起着至关重要的作用。

"There's a difference between the locals and the foreign fighters,” he said. “Some of the locals actually picked up weapons and joined ISIL because they had no choice. Their territory was taken over by ISIL by force. Some of them ended up joining ISIL. … The locals are not willing to die. They are in the ranks of ISIL and they give up easily, and we have a lot detainees who are locals. When they know that this is the end, they give up. They don't go all the way."

“当地士兵与国外士兵有个不同之处，”他说道。“实际上，本地一些士兵是半路出兵，顺势而为加入ISIL，因为他们别无选择。他们的领地都被ISIL强行占领了。他们中有些人最终加入了ISIL。当地人不愿这样死去。他们就这样加入了ISIL的行列，不过他们很容易放弃，我们的在押犯中有很多就是当地人。当他们知道这就是结局时会放弃抵抗。他们一路并不逃脱。”

Understanding the needs and psychology¹ of the local population is one of Talabani's strategies.

Talabani的策略之一就是了解到当地人的需求和心理状态。

Though he's a Kurd, Talabani understands the importance of working with Iraq's Sunni population.

尽管Talabani是个库尔德人，他还是能意识到与伊拉克逊尼人合作的重要性。

"Side by side of the military actions that we're taking, there needs to be some sort of political process,” he said. “There needs to be some sort of reassurance² for the Sunnis, also, that they will be involved in the future of Iraq."

“我们在参加军事行动时，总是需要某种政治归属感能够让我们并肩作战”他说道。“而逊尼人内心需要安定感，与我们一样，他们也会与伊拉克的未来息息相关。”

When the Iraqi military launched Operation Conquest on March 24 to retake Mosul, many — including Talabani — said they doubted the army's readiness to retake the city. It's not just about military capacity, he warned, it's also about sectarianism.

当3月24号伊拉克军队在摩苏尔市发起军事行动时，包括Talabani在内的许多人都表示他们质疑军队对于夺取这座城市的准备。他警醒地说，这不仅与军队实力有关，还与宗教派别之间的矛盾有关。

"Whatever force is going to take Mosul should be a Sunni-blessed force,” he said. “Don't forget that defeating ISIL cannot only be done by pushing in this front in Mosul. We need to take away this grass-roots support that's already there in Mosul, from the tribal³ leaders to ISIL.”

“无论哪只部队拿下摩苏尔，那都应当是逊尼派的部队，”他说。“别忘了，打败ISIL不能光靠占领摩苏尔。我们需要切断摩苏尔已经建立起来的基层寄养，切断从部落首领到ISIL的联系。”

 

Elite⁴ forces like Diji Terror, backed by coalition⁵ airstrikes, have made significant headway against the militants⁶. But Iraqis themselves know that it will take more than military might to defeat Islamic State.

有联军空袭的支持，与之对抗的Diji反恐中坚力量有了明显的进步。但是伊拉克人自己知道，击败伊斯兰国组织需要的远多于军事武力。

1 psychology   

n.心理，心理学，心理状态

参考例句：

• She has a background in child psychology.她受过儿童心理学的教育。
• He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge.他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。

2 reassurance   

n.使放心，使消除疑虑

参考例句：

• He drew reassurance from the enthusiastic applause.热烈的掌声使他获得了信心。
• Reassurance is especially critical when it comes to military activities.消除疑虑在军事活动方面尤为关键。

3 tribal   

adj.部族的，种族的

参考例句：

• He became skilled in several tribal lingoes.他精通几种部族的语言。
• The country was torn apart by fierce tribal hostilities.那个国家被部落间的激烈冲突弄得四分五裂。

4 elite   

n.精英阶层；实力集团；adj.杰出的，卓越的

参考例句：

• The power elite inside the government is controlling foreign policy.政府内部的一群握有实权的精英控制着对外政策。
• We have a political elite in this country.我们国家有一群政治精英。

5 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

6 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。