VOA常速英语2016--刚果开展黄热病疫苗接种工作

刚果开展黄热病疫苗接种工作

A preventive vaccination¹ campaign against yellow fever was launched on August 17th in the Democratic Republic of Congo by the government. The United States, through USAID and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, has provided crucial support to the response to the epidemic² of yellow fever.

8月17日，刚果政府展开了针对黄热病的疫苗接种工作。而美国方面也通过美国国际开发署（USAID）以及美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）向刚果政府对黄热病所作出的反应提供重要支持。

USAID used its approximately $1 million established PREDICT project to resupply l'Institut National de Recherche³ Biomédicale with needed materials to continue yellow fever diagnostics. USAID also worked through an existing partner to assist CDC to procure⁴ needed materials and person-time for a study investigating immunogenicity of the fractional/minimal dosing of yellow fever vaccine⁵.

美国国际开发署利用其注资近100万美元的PREDICT病毒检测全球合作项目，来向刚果国家生物医学研究所（INRB）再次补给黄热病诊断的所需物资。此外，美国国际开发署还与现有合作伙伴一道协助美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）为某项针对黄热病少剂量加药的免疫原性研究购置其所需物资和人次。

It is estimated that the use of the fractional/minimal dosing in this campaign can confer up to a year of immunity⁶ for vaccinated⁷ individuals.

据估计，少剂量加药能为注射疫苗的人提供长达一年的黄热病免疫能力。

The study will help establish if protection actually lasts longer than one year, thereby⁸ easing pressure on a limited global stockpile of yellow fever vaccine. In terms of technical support, several experts from the CDC and USAID are working with the Congolese Ministry⁹ of health, INRB for data management, quality assurance and daily updates.

该项研究可帮助确认疫苗的防护是否能超过一年，因此能够减少由疫苗库存有限带来的压力。而来自美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）以及美国国际开发署（USAID）的相关专家们正与刚果卫生部以及刚果国家生物医学研究所（INRB）一道，为数据管理、质量保证以及日常更新提供技术支持。

The U.S government, through its experts, regularly participates in meetings and contributes to the identification of training needs and development programs. Many of the platforms developed to implement¹⁰ a successful mass polio vaccination campaign have been utilized¹¹ to support the current yellow fever campaign.

美国政府派出的专家定期参加不同的会议，协助确认培训需求和发展项目。其中的很多用于大规模脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种的平台已被用于支持刚果目前的黄热病抗击中。

USAID has been funding Emerging Pandemic Threat (EPT) activities in the DRC since 2010, including training health workers to prevent, detect, and respond to epidemic threats and building lab capacity, and has an EPT budget of $17 million for Fiscal¹² Year 2015-2017.

自2010年以来，美国国际开发署（USAID）就一直为抗击新兴流行病威胁（EPT）的数据记录控制（Data Record Control）提供资金支持，其中包括培训医疗工作人员，以阻止、探测、应对多种流行病威胁，以及构建实验能力。此外，美国国际开发署（USAID）设立了2015-2017财政年度的1700万抗击新兴流行病威胁（EPT）的预算。

The U.S government, which is also the third largest donor¹³ to GAVI -the Alliance vaccine-, supports the introduction of new vaccines¹⁴ through the routine system, while also providing support to the global stockpile of a few essential vaccines, including yellow fever, which can be deployed¹⁵ for targeted campaigns. Gavi provides over $10 million for yellow fever vaccine and operational costs to support the current vaccination campaign.

美国政府是全球疫苗免疫联盟的第三大捐献国，同时也通过该联盟体系为新疫苗的引入提供支持。此外，美国还向全球疫苗库存提供一些重要疫苗，其中包括黄热病，以用于特定疾病抗击活动的部署。全球疫苗免疫联盟捐献了1千万美元用于黄热病疫苗的研制以及运营费用，以支持刚果目前的疫苗行动。

 

The U.S. is proud to work with its partner the Democratic Republic of Congo to help protect the Congolese people from a deadly threat – yellow fever.

美国很自豪能够与其伙伴刚果民主共和国一道，协助保护刚果人民免受致命疾病——黄热病之灾。

1 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

2 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

3 recherche   

adj.精选的；罕有的

参考例句：

• Applicants should have good PC skills with common office software,email and internet recherche.在办公软件、电子邮件、网络检索等个人电脑应用方面，申请人应具备良好的操作技能。
• The restaurant prides itself on its recherche menu.饭店以其精美的菜单自豪。

4 procure   

vt.获得，取得，促成；vi.拉皮条

参考例句：

• Can you procure some specimens for me?你能替我弄到一些标本吗？
• I'll try my best to procure you that original French novel.我将尽全力给你搞到那本原版法国小说。

5 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

6 immunity   

n.优惠；免除；豁免，豁免权

参考例句：

• The law gives public schools immunity from taxation.法律免除公立学校的纳税义务。
• He claims diplomatic immunity to avoid being arrested.他要求外交豁免以便避免被捕。

7 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

8 thereby   

adv.因此，从而

参考例句：

• I have never been to that city,,ereby I don't know much about it.我从未去过那座城市，因此对它不怎么熟悉。
• He became a British citizen,thereby gaining the right to vote.他成了英国公民，因而得到了投票权。

9 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

10 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

11 utilized   

v.利用，使用( utilize的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• In the19th century waterpower was widely utilized to generate electricity. 在19世纪人们大规模使用水力来发电。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The empty building can be utilized for city storage. 可以利用那栋空建筑物作城市的仓库。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

13 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

14 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

15 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。