VOA常速英语2019--人工智能是否应学习人类道德伦理框架

From driving a car and fighting diseases to organizing what people see on the Internet, AI is increasingly making decisions for humans, say experts on a Stanford University conference on AI ethics¹,

在斯坦福大学举行的一次有关人工智能伦理的会议上，专家们表示，从驾驶汽车和抗击疾病，到组织人们在互联网上看到的东西，人工智能正越来越多地为人类做决定。

but they say as AI get smarter programmers need to make sure they are also teaching AI programs to protect human values.

但他们表示，随着人工智能的发展，更聪明的程序员需要确保他们也在教授人工智能程序保护人类的价值观。

Many argue a good way to do that is to incorporate the UN’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights into AI programming.

许多人认为，将联合国的《世界人权宣言》纳入人工智能编程是一个好办法。

We have a framework of principles that we should turn to, the existing International Human Rights Framework.

我们有一个我们应该求助的原则框架，即现有的国际人权框架。

The 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights lays out a series of basic articles supporting among other things, the right to life and liberty, and denouncing slavery and torture.

1948年的《世界人权宣言》列出了一系列基本条款，其中包括生命权和自由权，以及谴责奴隶制和酷刑。

That speaks to the legal obligation of governments and the responsibilities of the private sector² to protect and respect and remedy human rights violations³.

这涉及各国政府的法律义务和私营部门保护、尊重和纠正侵犯人权行为的责任。

But opponents in AI say the technology will only be as good or bad as the humans who are programming it.

但人工智能的反对者表示，这项技术的好坏取决于编程人员。

They say more regulations on AI programming will only stifle⁴ innovation.

他们表示，对人工智能编程的更多监管只会扼杀创新。

We’re working on that policy.

我们正在研究这个政策。

But words are different than action, sir…

但是语言和行动是不一样的，先生……

Others here disagree.

其他人不同意。

Arguing that implies that innovation is more important than democracy or the rule of law, the foundations of our quality of life,

这意味着创新比民主或法治更重要，而后者是我们生活质量的基础，

and I believe actually that some of the most serious challenges to our open societies, but also to the open Internet today do not stem from over but rather under regulation of technologies.

事实上，我认为，我们开放的社会，以及今天开放的互联网所面临的一些最严重的挑战，不是来自于技术的过度，而是来自于技术的管制。

The rapid development of AI by companies like Google, Facebook, Baidu and Tencent has far surpassed regulations,

谷歌、Facebook、百度和腾讯等公司人工智能的快速发展已经远远超出了监管范围，

exposing challenges such as fake news, privacy violations, bias⁵ AI decisions and dangers of automated⁶ weaponries.

面临着假新闻、侵犯隐私、人工智能偏见和自动武器的危险等挑战。

Experts say the global governance framework to ensure AI ethical⁷ practice is a necessity.

专家表示，确保人工智能伦理实践的全球治理框架是必要的。

Industry leaders, like former Google CEO Eric Schmidt, say more discussion is needed.

谷歌前首席执行长施密特等行业领袖表示，需要进行更多的讨论。

We’re here fundamentally because we want to have an open debate.

我们来到这里的根本原因是我们希望有一个公开的辩论。

We want to make sure that the systems that we’re building are built on our values, on human values.

我们想要确保我们正在建立的系统是建立在我们的价值观之上，建立在人类的价值观之上。

But who gets to decide human values?

但是谁来决定人类的价值观呢?

These experts say making sure AI incorporates the UN’s understanding of human rights into every decision goes a long way into ensuring a safe and secure future.

这些专家表示，确保人工智能将联合国对人权的理解融入到每一项决策中，对于确保一个安全可靠的未来大有帮助。

I have feelings like everyone else

我和其他人感受相同…

1 ethics   

n.伦理学；伦理观，道德标准

参考例句：

• The ethics of his profession don't permit him to do that.他的职业道德不允许他那样做。
• Personal ethics and professional ethics sometimes conflict.个人道德和职业道德有时会相互抵触。

2 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

3 violations   

违反( violation的名词复数 )； 冒犯； 违反（行为、事例）； 强奸

参考例句：

• This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
• These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。

4 stifle   

vt.使窒息；闷死；扼杀；抑止，阻止

参考例句：

• She tried hard to stifle her laughter.她强忍住笑。
• It was an uninteresting conversation and I had to stifle a yawn.那是一次枯燥无味的交谈，我不得不强忍住自己的呵欠。

5 bias   

n.偏见，偏心，偏袒；vt.使有偏见

参考例句：

• They are accusing the teacher of political bias in his marking.他们在指控那名教师打分数有政治偏见。
• He had a bias toward the plan.他对这项计划有偏见。

6 automated   

a.自动化的

参考例句：

• The entire manufacturing process has been automated. 整个生产过程已自动化。
• Automated Highway System (AHS) is recently regarded as one subsystem of Intelligent Transport System (ITS). 近年来自动公路系统(Automated Highway System,AHS)，作为智能运输系统的子系统之一越来越受到重视。

7 ethical   

adj.伦理的，道德的，合乎道德的

参考例句：

• It is necessary to get the youth to have a high ethical concept.必须使青年具有高度的道德观念。
• It was a debate which aroused fervent ethical arguments.那是一场引发强烈的伦理道德争论的辩论。