VOA常速英语2021--联合国维持对原波黑塞族司令姆拉迪奇的终身监禁判决

United Nations judges have rejected former Bosnian Serb military chief Ratko Mladic's appeal of his 2017 conviction for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity - a ruling that will keep him in prison for the rest of his life. Mladic, who is 78, was sentenced to life in prison after being found guilty of leading the massacre¹ of more than 8,000 Muslim men and boys in Srebrenica. He was also convicted of ordering unlawful attacks against civilians² in Sarajevo during the three-year Bosnian war that ended in 1995. The massacre in Srebrenica was the worst in Europe since World War II. Mladic maintains his innocence³. His lawyers argued that his conviction was based on what they said were legal and factual mistakes, and that he should be acquitted⁴ or retried because others were responsible for atrocities⁵. Prosecutors⁶ also appealed Mladic's acquittal on another genocide charge related to the conflict. He was convicted of other crimes that include extermination⁷, murder, terror and persecution⁸. Tuesday's ruling all but ends the U.N.'s prosecutions⁹ of war crimes that claimed more than 100,000 lives and left millions homeless.

联合国法官驳回了前波斯尼亚塞族军事总司令拉特科·姆拉迪奇的上诉，姆拉迪奇2017年因种族灭绝、战争罪和危害人类罪被定罪。这一裁决将维持对姆拉迪奇终身监禁的原判。姆拉迪奇现年78岁，因领导斯雷布雷尼察大屠杀，杀害8000多名穆斯林男子和男孩而被判终身监禁。他还被判在为期三年的波斯尼亚战争期间下令非法袭击萨拉热窝平民，波斯尼亚战争于1995年结束。斯雷布雷尼察大屠杀是二战以来欧洲最严重的大屠杀。姆拉迪奇坚称自己无罪。他的律师辩称，对他的定罪是基于所谓的法律和事实错误，他应该无罪释放或重审，因为其他人才是暴行的罪魁祸首。检方还就姆拉迪奇被宣告无罪的另一项与冲突有关的种族灭绝指控提出上诉。他被判犯有其他罪行，包括灭绝罪、谋杀罪、恐怖罪和迫害罪。星期二的裁决几乎结束了联合国对战争罪的起诉，战争罪夺去了10多万人的生命，使数百万人无家可归。

Unidentified gunmen ambushed¹⁰ and killed two workers from aid group Doctors with Africa in South Sudan's Lakes State on Monday in the latest of a string of attacks on aid workers in South Sudan. Two other aid workers who were volunteers with an NGO were also injured, according to Matthew Hollingworth, the United Nations humanitarian¹¹ coordinator¹² in South Sudan. In a statement Tuesday, he said the workers were traveling in a clearly marked humanitarian vehicle as part of a convoy¹³ returning from a health facility. The Lakes State health minister told VOA that he calls on the community to help find the Killers¹⁴. Initial reports indicate the attackers emerged from the bush and opened fire on the convoy, according to Hollingworth, who called on South Sudanese local leaders and communities to protect humanitarian personnel trying to deliver assistance to people across the country. Via remote, I'm Marissa Melton, VOA News.

周一，在南苏丹湖泊州，身份不明的枪手伏击并杀害了援助组织“非洲医生”的两名工作人员，这是南苏丹一系列针对援助人员的袭击事件中的最新一起。据联合国驻南苏丹人道主义协调员马修·霍林沃思称，还有两名担当非政府组织志愿者的救援人员也受伤了。他星期二发表声明称，这些工作人员乘坐着一辆有明显人道主义标志的车辆，跟随车队从医疗机构返回。湖泊州卫生部长告诉美国之音，他呼吁社区帮助找到凶手。霍林沃思称，最初的报告显示，袭击者从灌木丛中出来之后向车队开火。霍林沃思呼吁南苏丹地方领导人和社区保护试图向全国人民提供援助的人道主义人员。我是玛丽莎·梅尔顿，为您远程报道美国之音新闻。

1 massacre   

n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀

参考例句：

• There was a terrible massacre of villagers here during the war.在战争中，这里的村民惨遭屠杀。
• If we forget the massacre,the massacre will happen again!忘记了大屠杀，大屠杀就有可能再次发生！

2 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

3 innocence   

n.无罪；天真；无害

参考例句：

• There was a touching air of innocence about the boy.这个男孩有一种令人感动的天真神情。
• The accused man proved his innocence of the crime.被告人经证实无罪。

4 acquitted   

宣判…无罪( acquit的过去式和过去分词 )； 使（自己）作出某种表现

参考例句：

• The jury acquitted him of murder. 陪审团裁决他谋杀罪不成立。
• Five months ago she was acquitted on a shoplifting charge. 五个月前她被宣判未犯入店行窃罪。

5 atrocities   

n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪

参考例句：

• They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities. 他们犯有最野蛮、最灭绝人性的残暴罪行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The enemy's atrocities made one boil with anger. 敌人的暴行令人发指。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

6 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

7 extermination   

n.消灭，根绝

参考例句：

• All door and window is sealed for the extermination of mosquito. 为了消灭蚊子，所有的门窗都被封闭起来了。 来自辞典例句
• In doing so they were saved from extermination. 这样一来却使它们免于绝灭。 来自辞典例句

8 persecution   

n. 迫害,烦扰

参考例句：

• He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
• Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。

9 prosecutions   

起诉( prosecution的名词复数 )； 原告； 实施； 从事

参考例句：

• It is the duty of the Attorney-General to institute prosecutions. 检察总长负责提起公诉。
• Since World War II, the government has been active in its antitrust prosecutions. 第二次世界大战以来，政府积极地进行着反对托拉斯的检举活动。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件

10 ambushed   

v.埋伏( ambush的过去式和过去分词 )；埋伏着

参考例句：

• The general ambushed his troops in the dense woods. 将军把部队埋伏在浓密的树林里。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The military vehicles were ambushed. 军车遭到伏击。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

12 coordinator   

n.协调人

参考例句：

• The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, headed by the Emergency Relief Coordinator, coordinates all UN emergency relief. 联合国人道主义事务协调厅在紧急救济协调员领导下，负责协调联合国的所有紧急救济工作。
• How am I supposed to find the client-relations coordinator? 我怎么才能找到客户关系协调员的办公室？

13 convoy   

vt.护送，护卫，护航；n.护送；护送队

参考例句：

• The convoy was snowed up on the main road.护送队被大雪困在干路上了。
• Warships will accompany the convoy across the Atlantic.战舰将护送该船队过大西洋。

14 killers   

凶手( killer的名词复数 )； 消灭…者； 致命物； 极难的事

参考例句：

• He remained steadfast in his determination to bring the killers to justice. 他要将杀人凶手绳之以法的决心一直没有动摇。
• They were professional killers who did in John. 杀死约翰的这些人是职业杀手。