VOA常速英语2022 伊朗继续为阿米尼之死抗议

Iranian protesters remained defiant¹ Monday, with students staging sit-ins and some industrial workers going on strike despite a crackdown activists² say has left dozens dead and hundreds more imprisoned³.

伊朗抗议者星期一仍在进行反抗，学生举行静坐抗议，部分产业工人罢工，尽管根据活动人士的说法，镇压已导致数十人死亡，数百人入狱。

Videos posted on social media show protests in the capital and other cities over recent days, with women burning headscarves and shouting slogans against the Islamic Republic.

社交媒体上发布的视频显示，最近几天伊朗首都德黑兰和其他城市都爆发了抗议活动，妇女们焚烧头巾，高呼反对伊斯兰共和国的口号。

The unrest erupted more than three weeks ago over the death of Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old Iranian woman of Kurdish origin who died following her arrest by the notorious Tehran morality police who enforce the strict dress rules on women, including mandatory⁴ headscarves.

这场骚乱最初爆发于三个多星期前，起因是一名22岁的伊朗库尔德妇女马莎·阿米尼的死亡。道德警察要求女性严格执行着装规定，包括强制戴头巾，阿米尼在被臭名昭著的德黑兰道德警察逮捕后死亡。

Venezuelans on Monday waited as rescuers searched for the more than 50 missing persons who were swept away on Saturday by devastating⁵ floods following heavy rain.

由于周六暴雨引发的毁灭性洪水，委内瑞拉救援人员周一对暴雨中被洪水卷走的50多名失踪人员进行搜寻。

Rain on Saturday night swept large tree trunks and debris⁶ from surrounding mountains southwest of Caracas, killing⁷ at least 25 people and damaging businesses and farmland, houses, shops and other structures in the area where fully⁸ or partially⁹ filled with mud and other debris carried by the water.

周六晚上的大雨席卷加拉加斯西南部，导致周边山区的大型树干和废弃物被冲走，造成至少25人死亡，对该地区的商业造成损失，摧毁了农田、房屋、商店和其他建筑。该地区各地因洪水携带而来的泥土和其他废弃物受到了不同程度的影响。

Rising suicide rates among active U.S. service members have forced the Pentagon to review the military's mental health protocols¹⁰.

美国现役军人自杀率不断上升，迫使美国防部审查军方的精神健康协议。

AP correspondent Julie Walker reports.

美联社记者朱莉·沃克报道。

Many service members fear coming forward and those who do find themselves fighting through deep-rooted stigma¹¹, bureaucratic¹² obstacles and internal pressure to stay on the job.

许多现役人员不敢站出来，那些发现自己正在与根深蒂固的观念、官僚主义问题和内部压力作斗争的人，想要继续留在自己的工作岗位上。

A 2021 study by the Costs of War Project concluded that since 9/11, four times as many service members and veterans have died by suicide as in combat.

“战争成本项目”2021年的一项研究得出结论，自“9·11”事件以来，死于自杀的军人和退伍军人数量是战争丧生人数的四倍。

Last year, the Army issued fresh guidelines on how to handle mental health.

去年，美国陆军已就如何处理心理健康问题发布了新的指导方针。

The Pentagon has created an independent committee to review programs.

美国防部成立了一个独立委员会来审查相关项目。

At the same time, a network of military-adjacent charitable organizations has tried to fill the gaps with a variety of programs and outreach efforts.

与此同时，一个与军方有关的慈善组织网络试图通过一系列项目和宣传推广来弥合差距。

I'm Julie Walker.

我是朱莉·沃克。

Reporting by remote, I'm Joe Ramsey.

乔·拉姆齐为您带来远程报道。

1 defiant   

adj.无礼的，挑战的

参考例句：

• With a last defiant gesture,they sang a revolutionary song as they were led away to prison.他们被带走投入监狱时，仍以最后的反抗姿态唱起了一支革命歌曲。
• He assumed a defiant attitude toward his employer.他对雇主采取挑衅的态度。

2 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 imprisoned   

下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He was imprisoned for two concurrent terms of 30 months and 18 months. 他被判处30个月和18个月的监禁，合并执行。
• They were imprisoned for possession of drugs. 他们因拥有毒品而被监禁。

4 mandatory   

adj.命令的；强制的；义务的；n.受托者

参考例句：

• It's mandatory to pay taxes.缴税是义务性的。
• There is no mandatory paid annual leave in the U.S.美国没有强制带薪年假。

5 devastating   

adj.毁灭性的，令人震惊的，强有力的

参考例句：

• It is the most devastating storm in 20 years.这是20年来破坏性最大的风暴。
• Affairs do have a devastating effect on marriages.婚外情确实会对婚姻造成毁灭性的影响。

6 debris   

n.瓦砾堆，废墟，碎片

参考例句：

• After the bombing there was a lot of debris everywhere.轰炸之后到处瓦砾成堆。
• Bacteria sticks to food debris in the teeth,causing decay.细菌附着在牙缝中的食物残渣上，导致蛀牙。

7 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

8 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

9 partially   

adv.部分地，从某些方面讲

参考例句：

• The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
• The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静，宵禁部分解除。

10 protocols   

n.礼仪( protocol的名词复数 )；（外交条约的）草案；（数据传递的）协议；科学实验报告（或计划）

参考例句：

• There are also protocols on the testing of nuclear weapons. 也有关于核武器试验的协议。 来自辞典例句
• Hardware components and software design of network transport protocols are separately introduced. 介绍系统硬件组成及网络传输协议的软件设计。 来自互联网

11 stigma   

n.耻辱，污名；(花的)柱头

参考例句：

• Being an unmarried mother used to carry a social stigma.做未婚母亲在社会上曾是不光彩的事。
• The stigma of losing weighed heavily on the team.失败的耻辱让整个队伍压力沉重。

12 bureaucratic   

adj.官僚的，繁文缛节的

参考例句：

• The sweat of labour washed away his bureaucratic airs.劳动的汗水冲掉了他身上的官气。
• In this company you have to go through complex bureaucratic procedures just to get a new pencil.在这个公司里即使是领一支新铅笔，也必须通过繁琐的手续。