美国对伊斯兰国的网络战取得进展

 For months now, U.S. government hackers¹ have been setting their sights on the Islamic State terror group, intent on wiping the self-declared caliphate from cyberspace² much like U.S. and coalition³ aircraft have sought to wipe it from the face of the earth. Yet, some of those helping⁴ to lead the virtual charge admit it is not yet clear just how effective the cyber efforts have been.

数月来，美国政府的黑客一直把注意力集中在伊斯兰国恐怖组织身上，试图将这个所谓“哈里发国”从网络空间清除出去，就像美国及联盟的战机试图消灭伊斯兰国一样。但一些参与人员承认，目前还不清楚这一网络行动的有效性。

Reinforcing the concerns is a sense, from both military and intelligence officials, that Islamic State may well prove to be as resilient and adaptable⁵ in the virtual battle space as it has been on the physical battlefield.

美国军方和情报部门官员担心，伊斯兰国在网络战中可能也像在地面战斗中那样，具有很强的恢复能力和适应性。

“It’s working well,” U.S. Director of National Intelligence James Clapper told an audience Wednesday during a speech in Washington, adding, “It’s kind of a work in progress.”

美国国家情报总监克拉珀星期三在华盛顿发表讲话时说，目前这一行动有所进展。

“I think we’re learning from this experience, having a real live operation,” he said. “As we progress further we’ll be able to make a more definitive⁶ assessment⁷.”

他说，我们正在取得经验，随着进一步的推进，将能对情况做出更准确的评估。

U.S. officials have, so far, been careful in talking publicly about what U.S. cyber operations against Islamic State entail⁸, though Defense⁹ Secretary Ash Carter said in late February a top priority would be “to interrupt, disrupt ISIL's command and control.”

到目前为止，美国官员在公开谈论针对伊斯兰国的网络行动时都很谨慎，但国防部长卡特2月底曾表示，首要任务是干扰和切断伊斯兰国的指挥和控制系统。

1 hackers   

n.计算机迷( hacker的名词复数 )；私自存取或篡改电脑资料者，电脑“黑客”

参考例句：

• They think of viruses that infect an organization from the outside.They envision hackers breaking into their information vaults. 他们考虑来自外部的感染公司的病毒，他们设想黑客侵入到信息宝库中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Arranging a meeting with the hackers took weeks againoff-again email exchanges. 通过几星期电子邮件往来安排见面，他们最终同意了。 来自互联网

2 cyberspace   

n.虚拟信息空间，网络空间，计算机化世界

参考例句：

• She travels in cyberspace by sending messages to friends around the world.她利用电子空间给世界各地的朋友们发送信件。
• The teens spend more time in cyberspace than in the real world of friends and family.青少年花费在电脑上的时间比他们和真正的朋友及家人在一起的时间要多。

3 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

4 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

5 adaptable   

adj.能适应的，适应性强的，可改编的

参考例句：

• He is an adaptable man and will soon learn the new work.他是个适应性很强的人，很快就将学会这种工作。
• The soil is adaptable to the growth of peanuts.这土壤适宜于花生的生长。

6 definitive   

adj.确切的，权威性的；最后的，决定性的

参考例句：

• This book is the definitive guide to world cuisine.这本书是世界美食的权威指南。
• No one has come up with a definitive answer as to why this should be so.至于为什么该这样，还没有人给出明确的答复。

7 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

8 entail   

vt.使承担，使成为必要，需要

参考例句：

• Such a decision would entail a huge political risk.这样的决定势必带来巨大的政治风险。
• This job would entail your learning how to use a computer.这工作将需要你学会怎样用计算机。

9 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。