里约残奥会俄罗斯被全面禁赛

　　Russian athletes have been banned from competing at the Rio 2016 Paralympics following the country's doping scandal.

　　被爆兴奋剂丑闻后，俄罗斯运动员被禁止参加2016年里约残奥会。

　　The McLaren report, published last month, detailed¹ a state-sponsored doping programme operated by Russia.

　　于上月公布的《麦克拉伦报告》详细指出，俄罗斯由国家主导有组织地使用了兴奋剂。

　　The Russian Paralympic Committee is to appeal against the decision to the Court of Arbitration² for Sport.

　　俄罗斯残奥委会将对此向体育仲裁法庭提出上诉。

　　In contrast to the IPC, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) chose not to hand Russia a blanket ban from the Olympic Games.

　　国际奥委会（IOC）做出的决定与国际残奥委会不同，他们选择不完全禁止俄罗斯参加奥运会。

　　The Rio 2016 Paralympics begin in 31 days' time, on 7 September, and 267 Russian athletes across 18 sports will now miss the Games.

　　离2016年9月7日开始的里约残奥会还有31天，本应参加18个项目的267名俄罗斯运动员将与残奥会失之交臂。

　　"The anti-doping system in Russia is broken, corrupted³ and entirely⁴ compromised," said IPC president Sir Philip Craven at a news conference on Sunday.

　　在上周日的新闻发布会上，国际残奥委会主席菲利普?克雷文说：“俄罗斯的反兴奋剂系统已经崩溃，堕落，而且完全违背准则。”

　　"The Russian Paralympic Committee are unable to ensure compliance⁵ with and enforcement of the IPC anti-doping code and the world anti-doping code within their own national jurisdiction⁶ and they can not fulfill⁷ its fundamental obligation as an IPC member.

　　“在本国的管辖范围内，俄罗斯残奥委会无法遵守和执行国际残奥委会和世界反兴奋剂机构的相关规定，也无法履行作为国际残奥委会成员的基本义务。”

　　"As a result, the Russian Paralympic Committee is suspended with immediate⁸ effect."“因此，俄罗斯残奥委会即日起被禁赛。”

　　Russian Paralympic Committee member Evgeniy Bukharov told reporters: "I'm disappointed and really shocked. The IOC decided⁹ to stay for the rights of the clean athletes and only to fight against the athletes who are involved in doping.

　　俄残奥委会委员叶夫根尼?布哈洛夫接受记者采访时称：“我很失望，也大吃一惊。对于未染指兴奋剂的运动员，国际奥委会决定保留其参赛权，只禁止那些使用兴奋剂的运动员参赛。”

　　"I spoke¹⁰ with my team-mates from the organising committee and saw the reaction of the Russian Paralympic team, the athletes and coaches. They are very frustrated¹¹ with this decision. If someone over four years tries to do their best to participate in the Games, suddenly to hear that they should not participate frustrated them."“我与组委会的同仁谈话，看到了俄罗斯残奥队运动员和教练的反应。他们对这个决定感到非常沮丧。为了参加奥运会，四年以来他们竭尽全力，现在却突然听说不能参加了，这使他们感到非常挫败。”

　　Why was Russia banned?

　　为什么俄罗斯被禁赛？

　　Canadian law professor Richard McLaren's report found that Russia's sports ministry¹² manipulated urine samples provided by its athletes between 2011 and 2015.

　　加拿大法学教授理查德?麦克拉伦的报告发现，2011年至2015年期间，俄罗斯体育部门对其运动员的尿检样本动了手脚。

　　The report identified 27 samples relating to eight Para-sports, five of which are summer sports, including some governed by the IPC.

　　该报告确定了涉及8个残奥会体育项目的27个尿检样本，其中5个是夏季奥运会的项目，包括一些由国际残奥委会管理的项目。

　　The IPC has also found evidence that samples were swapped¹³ during the Sochi 2014 Paralympic Games and it planned to reanalyse every Russian sample from Sochi.

　　国际残奥委会也发现了2014年索契冬季残奥会期间尿检样本被调换的证据，并计划重新审查索契奥运会上每个俄罗斯运动员的尿检样本。

 

1 detailed   

adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的

参考例句：

• He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
• A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。

2 arbitration   

n.调停，仲裁

参考例句：

• The wage disagreement is under arbitration.工资纠纷正在仲裁中。
• Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding.双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。

3 corrupted   

（使）败坏( corrupt的过去式和过去分词 )； （使）腐化； 引起（计算机文件等的）错误； 破坏

参考例句：

• The body corrupted quite quickly. 尸体很快腐烂了。
• The text was corrupted by careless copyists. 原文因抄写员粗心而有讹误。

4 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

5 compliance   

n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从

参考例句：

• I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.我对他竟然依从了这些条件而感到吃惊。
• She gave up the idea in compliance with his desire.她顺从他的愿望而放弃自己的主意。

6 jurisdiction   

n.司法权，审判权，管辖权，控制权

参考例句：

• It doesn't lie within my jurisdiction to set you free.我无权将你释放。
• Changzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.常州隶属江苏省。

7 fulfill   

vt.履行，实现，完成；满足，使满意

参考例句：

• If you make a promise you should fulfill it.如果你许诺了，你就要履行你的诺言。
• This company should be able to fulfill our requirements.这家公司应该能够满足我们的要求。

8 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

9 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

10 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

11 frustrated   

adj.挫败的，失意的，泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧

参考例句：

• It's very easy to get frustrated in this job. 这个工作很容易令人懊恼。
• The bad weather frustrated all our hopes of going out. 恶劣的天气破坏了我们出行的愿望。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

13 swapped   

交换（工作）( swap的过去式和过去分词 )； 用…替换，把…换成，掉换（过来）

参考例句：

• I liked her coat and she liked mine, so we swapped. 我喜欢她的外套，她喜欢我的外套，于是我们就交换了。
• At half-time the manager swapped some of the players around. 经理在半场时把几名队员换下了场。