初中英语山东版九年级--Unit 4

Do you know when basketball was¹ invented³?
[00:08.52]Section 1 Before You Read
[00:12.09]PAIRWORK
[00:14.00]1a List eight sports played in China.
[00:20.59]1b How popular⁴ is each sport?
[00:25.56]Rank them [1-8] in the order⁵ of popularity⁶.
[00:31.04]Section 2 While⁷ You Read
[00:34.82]Do you know when basketball was invented?
[00:39.04]If you travel⁸ around China you will notice⁹
[00:41.78]a very popular activity¹⁰ everywhere
[00:43.81]you go-basketball.
[00:47.02]This much-loved and active¹¹ sport is enjoyed
[00:49.61]by many,for fun and exercise.
[00:52.75]The sport of basketball is a little over
[00:54.91]a hundred years old.
[00:56.82]It is played by more than 100 million¹² people
[01:00.16]in over 200 countries including¹³ China,
[01:03.71]where basketball has been played in parks,
[01:07.01]schools,and even¹⁴ in factories.
[01:10.14]Basketball was invented by a Canadian¹⁵ doctor
[01:13.22]named James Naismith,who was born¹⁶ in 1861.
[01:18.10]When he was at college¹⁷,
[01:19.86]his class was once asked to invent² a new game
[01:22.92]that could¹⁸ be played indoors¹⁹
[01:24.64]during the long winters.
[01:27.54]Dr Naismith created²⁰ a game to be played
[01:30.27]on a hard wooden²¹ floor,
[01:32.20]so the safety²² of the players²⁴ was important²⁵.
[01:35.67]Knocking into players and falling down would²⁶ be
[01:38.19]dangerous.
[01:41.15]Dr Naismith divided²⁷ the men in his class
[01:43.67]into two teams and taught²⁸ them
[01:45.96]how to play his new game.
[01:48.96]The aim²⁹ of basketball is for players to
[01:51.44]get a ball into the "basket"
[01:53.89]a net³⁰ hanging³¹ from a metal³² hoop³³.
[01:56.91]Players shoot³⁴ from below³⁵ the basket
[01:59.23]and may use the "backboard" for guiding³⁶
[02:02.01]the ball into the basket.
[02:04.83]Players move towards³⁷ one end of court³⁸
[02:07.17]while throwing the ball to each other.
[02:10.46]It is believed³⁹ that on December 21st,1891,
[02:14.97]the first basketball game in history was played.
[02:19.18]Then in 1936 in Berlin⁴⁰,
[02:22.23]it became⁴¹ an Olympic⁴² event⁴³.
[02:25.96]A team from China took⁴⁴ part⁴⁵,
[02:28.34]and although⁴⁶ they didn't win
[02:30.12]they used⁴⁷ the experience⁴⁸ to help develop⁴⁹
[02:32.40]the game at home.
[02:36.02]Since then,the popularity of basketball
[02:39.19]has risen⁵⁰ worldwide,and the number of foreign⁵¹
[02:42.35]players in America's NBA
[02:44.78](National⁵² Basketball Association)has increased⁵³.
[02:49.65]Basketball has also become a more popular sport
[02:53.01]for people to watch,and many young people
[02:55.96]dream of becoming famous⁵⁴ basketball players.
[02:59.99]Section 3 After You Read
[03:04.56]3a Complete⁵⁵ the mind-map with the information⁵⁶
[03:09.88]from the reading⁵⁷.
[03:12.44]3b Without referring⁵⁸ to the article⁵⁹,
[03:17.27]use what you remember from the mind-map
[03:22.05]to answer the following⁶⁰ questions.
[03:26.23]Section 4 Go For It!
[03:30.24]Would you like to play on China's national
[03:33.42]basketball team one day?
[03:36.20]Make a list of good and difficult things about
[03:40.30]being a basketball player²³.
[03:43.78]If you have time!
[03:46.09]In pairs,choose an invention⁶¹ and do research⁶²
[03:51.52]on it.
[03:52.92]Make a mind-map of the information you find.
[03:58.50]Then give a report⁶³ to the class.
[04:01.30]

1 was   

v.(is,am的过去式)是，在

参考例句：

• He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
• He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。

2 invent   

vt.创造，发明

参考例句：

• This kind of machine is invent in the 1970's.这种机器是七十年代发明的。
• Can't you invent a better excuse than that?你就不能编造一个高明些的藉口吗？

3 invented   

n.虚拟v.发明，创造( invent的过去式和过去分词 )；编造

参考例句：

• Esperanto was invented as an auxiliary language. 世界语是作为辅助语发明的。
• Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸汽机？

4 popular   

adj.受欢迎的；流行的；通俗的

参考例句：

• " Mary " is a very popular name for a girl.“ 玛丽 ”是个很常见的女孩名字。
• He likes to play football and to sing popular songs.他喜欢踢足球和唱流行歌曲。

5 order   

n.订单；命令；n.顺序，整齐；勋章；阶级，决议；vt.命令； 调整；定购

参考例句：

• His desk is always in order.他的书桌上总是整整齐齐的。
• You pay for it at the time you order it.订购时就得付款。

6 popularity   

n.普及，流行，名望，受欢迎

参考例句：

• The story had an extensive popularity among American readers.这本小说在美国读者中赢得广泛的声望。
• Our product enjoys popularity throughout the world.我们的产品饮誉全球。

7 while   

conj.当…的时候；而；虽然；尽管 n.一会儿

参考例句：

• In a short while,the cat ate up the fish.不久，那只猫便将鱼吃个精光。
• He teaches English in the school all the while.他一直在这所学校里教英语。

8 travel   

n.旅行，游历，进行；vi.旅行，行进，移动，被传播；vt.旅行，通行于，使移动

参考例句：

• We can now travel by air.现在我们可以坐飞机旅行。
• Autumn is the best season for travel.秋天是旅行的最好季节。

9 notice   

n.通知，布告；注意，认识；vt.看到，注意到

参考例句：

• Post this notice on the wall.把这个通知贴在墙上。
• I didn't notice you when you passed by.你走过时，我没有注意到你。

10 activity   

n.活动

参考例句：

• Their activity came to a full stop.他们的活动完全停止了。
• Do you like the activity?你喜欢这个活动吗？

11 active   

adj.活跃的，积极的

参考例句：

• I'll become more active.我要变得更加积极。
• She is the most active member in our group.她绝对是我们组最活跃的成员。

12 million   

num.百万，100万；n.无数，大众

参考例句：

• I've seen it a million times.我在书上看过无数遍了。
• What will you do if you had a million dollars?如果你有一百万美元，你会干什么？

13 including   

prep.包含，包括

参考例句：

• There were ten people,including you.加上你，一共十个人。
• There are three storeys including the ground floor.包括底层共有三层。

14 even   

adj.平坦的，偶数的，相等的；adv.甚至，恰好，正当

参考例句：

• It was cold yesterday,but it's even colder today. 昨天冷，今天更冷了。
• He's the best teacher even though he has the least experience.尽管他经验最少，但教得最好。

15 Canadian   

adj.加拿大的；加拿大人的；n.加拿大人

参考例句：

• My best friend is canadian.我最好的朋友是加拿大人。
• She's Canadian,but her Chinese is excellent. 她是加拿大人，但她的汉语非常出色。

16 born   

v.动词bear的过去分词；adj.出生的，与生俱来的

参考例句：

• The baby can cry as soon as he is born.婴儿生下来就会哭。
• I feel as if I had been born again.我有一种再生之感。

17 college   

n.学院；高等专科学校

参考例句：

• The college drama society is going to put on a play.大学戏剧协会正准备上演一个剧目。
• I was hot on playing basketball when I was in college.我上大学时热衷于打篮球。

18 could   

v.能，可能(can的过去式)；aux.v.(can的过去式)能；可以

参考例句：

• Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗？
• I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。

19 indoors   

adv.(在)室内，(在)户内

参考例句：

• Because of the coldness of the weather we stayed indoors.我们因天气寒冷呆在家里。
• It is very cold outside,you'd better come indoors across the board.外面很冷，你们所有人最好都进屋。

20 created   

adj.创造的v.创造( create的过去式和过去分词 )；引起；造成；封

参考例句：

• Scientists disagree about how the universe was created. 科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。
• Emergent democracies created markets that were ripe for exploitation. 新兴的民主国家创造了可供开拓的成熟市场。 来自《简明英汉词典》

21 wooden   

adj.木制的；木头似的，呆笨的

参考例句：

• The room was full of wooden furniture.房间里摆满了木制家具。
• There's a wooden bridge over the river.河上有一座木桥。

22 safety   

vt.保护；n.安全，保险机，安全打

参考例句：

• He was worried about the safety of me.他为我的安全担心。
• This new plane is undergoing safety tests.这架新型飞机正在接受安全试验。

23 player   

n.运动员，做游戏的人，选手，队员，比赛者；演员，演奏者，自动演奏装置，戏子

参考例句：

• She is our best player.她是我们最好的运动员。
• He is quite a good player.他是一个满不错的选手。

24 players   

n.演员( player的名词复数 )；演奏者；（商业或政治方面的）参与者；游戏者

参考例句：

• one of the all-time great players 历来最杰出的选手之一
• The choice of players for the team seemed completely arbitrary. 看来这个队的队员完全是随意选定的。

25 important   

adj.重要的；重大的；严重的

参考例句：

• It's important to find out what he is doing.弄清他在干什么是重要的。
• This is a very important problem.这个问题很重要。

26 would   

aux.will的过去式；愿，要；常常；大概；将要，会

参考例句：

• Why would you say that?为什么你会这么说？
• Would you please help me?你能帮帮我吗？

27 divided   

adj.分离的，被分割的，分裂的v.分( divide的过去式和过去分词 )；划分；分离；（使）产生分歧

参考例句：

• The organisms can be divided into discrete categories. 有机体可分为许多互不相联的种类。
• The government is divided on this issue. 政府在这个问题上意见不统一。

28 taught   

v.teach的过去式过去分词

参考例句：

• Children must be taught to be careful of traffic.必须教育孩子要当心车辆。
• Miss Brown taught my daughter last year.去年是布朗小姐教我女儿的。

29 aim   

n.目标，对准；v.对准目标，打算

参考例句：

• He has a high aim in life.他的人生目标很高。
• He spent most of his life without aim.他毫无目标地度过了大半生。

30 net   

n.网，网状物，罗网，净利，实价；adj.净余的，纯粹的；vt.用网捕，撒网；净赚

参考例句：

• There is a net behind the goal in football. 足球的球门后面有一个网子。
• The ball rolled into the net. 球滚进了网中。

31 hanging   

n.绞死；绞刑；（墙上装饰用的）帘子；帷幔adj.应处以死刑的；量刑偏重的v.悬( hang的现在分词 )；（被）绞死；贴；逗留

参考例句：

• He faced execution by hanging for murder. 他因谋杀要以绞刑处死。
• to sentence sb to death by hanging 判处某人绞刑

32 metal   

n.金属，质料；adj.金属制的；v.以金属覆盖

参考例句：

• He hands a metal disk to me.他把一个金属圆盘给我。
• Coins are made of metal.硬币是金属做的。

33 hoop   

n.（篮球）篮圈，篮

参考例句：

• The child was rolling a hoop.那个孩子在滚铁环。
• The wooden tub is fitted with the iron hoop.木盆都用铁箍箍紧。

34 shoot   

v.发射，射击；疾驰，飞快地移开；发芽

参考例句：

• Try and shoot the bird.开枪打那只鸟试试。
• Keep your distance,or I'll shoot!别靠近，否则就开枪了！

35 below   

prep./adv.在……的下面；低于……

参考例句：

• I looked down at the hall below.我瞧了瞧下面的大厅。
• The temperature is below zero.温度在零度以下。

36 guiding   

n.导向，定向v.引路( guide的现在分词 )；指导；操纵；影响

参考例句：

• She was inexperienced and needed a guiding hand . 她缺乏经验，需要有人指导。
• Precision instruments are used to help pilots in guiding their aircraft. 精密仪器用来帮助飞行员操作飞机。 来自《简明英汉词典》

37 towards   

prep.朝，向，致力于，有助于，对于；大约，将近

参考例句：

• The house will be ready towards the end of the year.这房子在年底以前可以造好。
• He is friendly towards me.他对我友好。

38 court   

n.法院，庭院，奉承，球场；v.献殷勤，追求，招致危险

参考例句：

• The court is very dirty.这个院子非常脏。
• Can you prove that to the court?你能向法庭证实这一点吗？

39 believed   

v.相信( believe的过去式和过去分词 )；认为；以为；对…信以为真

参考例句：

• They believed she was possessed by devils. 他们认为她是魔鬼附身。
• It would be interesting to know what he really believed. 了解他的真实信仰会是很有意思的。

40 Berlin   

n.柏林(德国城市)

参考例句：

• He went to Berlin by aeroplane.他乘飞机到柏林。
• Where was the Berlin wall?柏林墙在什么地方？

41 became   

v.(become的过去式)成为

参考例句：

• He became a doctor at the age of 27.他27岁时成了一名医生。
• He became a millionaire when he was still young.他还年轻时就成了百万富翁。

42 Olympic   

adj.奥林匹克的；n.奥林匹克运动会

参考例句：

• The 1984 Olympic Games was held in Los Angeles.1984年奥林匹克运动会在洛杉矶举行。
• In the Olympic Games the winner will get a gold medal.在奥运会上优胜者得到一枚金牌。

43 event   

n.事变，大事件

参考例句：

• I'm surprised that you didn't know of such an important event.这么大的事你竟会不知道？
• He is the center of this event.他是这次事件的核心人物。

44 took   

vt.带，载(take的过去式)

参考例句：

• I took my dog for a walk along the river.我带着狗沿那条河散步。
• It took me about two hours to cook the meat.我花了大约两个小时来煮这些肉。

45 part   

n.部份，零件；角色，部位；vt.分开，分离，分配；vi.分离，离开；adv.部份地；adj.分离的

参考例句：

• This is the broken part.这就是损坏的部件。
• Which part do you play?你演哪一个角色？

46 although   

conj（=though）虽然，即使，纵然，尽管

参考例句：

• Although my car is very old,It'still runs very well.我的汽车虽然很旧，但仍然跑得很快。
• Although he worked hard,he failed in the exam.虽然他很努力，但他考试没有及格。

47 used   

adj.用旧了的，旧的；习惯于…；过去惯/经常

参考例句：

• I used to work until nearly 6:00 o'clock each day.我过去常常工作到6:00左右。
• He used to walk anywhere from two to five miles an hour.他过去经常一小时走二至五英里。

48 experience   

n.经历，经验；v.经历，体验

参考例句：

• The best way to learn is to learn by experience. 学习的最佳办法就是从经验中学习。
• He is a man of wide knowledge and experience.他见多识广。

49 develop   

v.发展；研制；开发

参考例句：

• Plants develop from seeds.植物从种子长大。
• We must develop the natural resources of our country.我们必须开发我们国家的天然资源。

50 risen   

adj.升起的v.起义( rise的过去分词 )；升起；（数量）增加；休会

参考例句：

• Prices have risen in order to offset the increased cost of materials. 为补偿原料成本的增加而提高了价格。
• a young actor who has recently risen to prominence 最近崭露头角的一名年轻演员

51 foreign   

adj.外国的；在外国的；来自外国的

参考例句：

• Are you interested in foreign languages? 你对外语感兴趣吗？
• To welcome our foreign friends. 欢迎我们的外国朋友。

52 national   

adj.国家的，民族的；n.国民

参考例句：

• In our country new year's day is a national holiday.在我国，元旦是全国性的假日。
• Tomorrow is a national holiday.明天是全国性节日。

53 increased   

adj.增加的，增强的v.增加，增大，增多( increase的过去式和过去分词 )；增强，增进；[缝纫]放（针）；增强

参考例句：

• increased tax on goods and services 增加了的商品及劳务税
• The population has increased from 1.2 million to 1.8 million. 人口已从120万增加到了180万。

54 famous   

adj.著名的，驰名的，闻名遐迩的；极好的；擅长的

参考例句：

• The hotel is famous for its suppers.那个酒店以晚餐而著称。
• He is famous for his learning.他以有学问而出名。

55 complete   

adj.彻底的，完整的，已完成的；v.完成，使完整

参考例句：

• They help him complete his work.他们帮助他完成工作。
• Please complete the following information.请您完整填写以下信息。

56 information   

n.起诉；信息，消息；知识；报告，通知，情报

参考例句：

• I hope the information I gave you was helpful.我希望我给你的消息对你有所帮助。
• We must get further information.我们必须获得更多的消息。

57 reading   

n.阅读，知识，读物，表演，对法律条文的解释；adj.阅读的

参考例句：

• Children learn reading and writing at school.孩子们在学校学习阅读和写作。
• He finds pleasure in reading.他从阅读中得到乐趣。

58 referring   

v.提到( refer的现在分词 )；针对；关系到；请教

参考例句：

• No referring back to books or notes! 不准看书和笔记！ 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Referring to my conversation with you today, I now enclose an order sheet for hosiery as specified. 参照今日和你方的谈判记录，兹随函寄上详细叙述订购卫生衣的订单2份，请查收。 来自《简明英汉词典》

59 article   

n.文章，物品，条款；冠词

参考例句：

• The article is very important.这篇文章很重要。
• Can you translate this article for me?你能替我翻译这篇文章吗？

60 following   

n.下列各项，部下，党羽；aaj.下列的，其次的；vbl.跟随

参考例句：

• The following is the full text.全文如下。
• Answer the following questions.回答下列问题。

61 invention   

n.发明；制造

参考例句：

• It's a most useful invention.这是一项极其有用的发明。
• Paper is also an invention by the Chinese.纸也是中国人发明的。

62 research   

n.探索；调查；研究 vt./vi.调查；研究

参考例句：

• Research has shown that women live longer than men.调查表明女性比男性寿命长。
• The research group is ready to start its work.这个研究小组已准备好随时开始工作。

63 report   

n.报告，汇报；传说，传阅；v.报告，报到

参考例句：

• We're going to listen to a report this afternoon.今天下午我们要去听报告。
• I shall report to you.我将向你汇报。