2018年经济学人 一周要闻 英国“脱欧”再生变数 特朗普提名大法官遇阻

 

The world this week

一周要闻

politics

政治

Theresa May, Britain’s prime minister, hoped that a deal struck at a cabinet summit would enable her to take an acceptable proposal to Brussels for leaving the European Union. The deal split hardline and more pragmatic Brexiteers. Two cabinet ministers resigned in protest: Boris Johnson, the foreign secretary, and David Davis, the Brexit secretary. Mrs May defended the proposals, taking aim at potential challengers by saying “to lead is to decide”.

英国首相特蕾莎梅希望，在内阁峰会上达成的协议，能够让她向布鲁塞尔提交一份可接受的脱欧提议。强硬派和更务实的脱欧派在该协议上产生了分歧。两名内阁部长外交大臣鲍里斯·约翰逊(Boris Johnson)和英国脱欧大臣戴维·戴维斯(David Davis)辞职以示抗议。首相为这些提议进行了辩护并将矛头对准了潜在的挑战者，称“领导就是决定”。

The resignations forced Mrs May into a hasty cabinet reshuffle. Jeremy Hunt is the new foreign secretary. Dominic Raab will lead negotiations¹ with the EU as the new Brexit secretary. He holds a black belt in karate².

“辞职风波”迫使首相匆忙进行内阁改组。杰里米·亨特（Jeremy Hunt）担任新任外交部长。多米尼克·拉布(Dominic Raab)将担任英国新任脱欧大臣，领导与欧盟的谈判。他还是空手道黑带选手。

One of the two people recently exposed to the Novichok nerve agent in Britain died in hospital, prompting police to launch a murder inquiry³. Authorities said that the possibility that the incident is linked to the poisoning in March of a former Russian spy is a “clear line” of their investigation⁴.

最近，英国两名公民接触到诺维茨克（Novichok）神经毒气，其中一人在医院死亡，这促使警方展开了一项谋杀调查。当局表示，该事件可能与今年3月发生的前俄罗斯间谍中毒案有关，这是他们调查的“明确路线”。

Donald Trump⁵ nominated Brett Kavanaugh to be Anthony Kennedy’s replacement⁶ on the Supreme⁷ Court. Mr Kavanaugh is an appeals-court judge who once worked for Kenneth Starr’s investigation into Bill Clinton. Democrats⁸ vowed⁹ to block his appointment, though a change to the rules means that Supreme Court picks can no longer be filibustered¹⁰.

唐纳德·特朗普提名布雷特·卡瓦诺（Brett Kavanaugh）接替安东尼·肯尼迪（Anthony Kennedy）出任最高法院大法官。卡瓦诺是一名上诉法院法官，曾作为肯尼斯·斯塔尔（Kenneth Starr）的助理调查前总统比尔·克林顿（Bill Clinton）。民主党人誓言要阻止这一任命，尽管对规则的修改意味着最高法院的决定将不再被阻挠。

Andrew Wheeler, a former lobbyist for the coal industry, took over as acting¹¹ head of the Environmental Protection Agency following the resignation of Scott Pruitt. Mr Pruitt was facing over a dozen federal investigations¹² into allegations of unethical behaviour, and had run up a huge travel bill from flying first class.

安德鲁·惠勒(Andrew Wheeler)曾是煤炭行业的说客，在斯科特·普鲁特(Scott Pruitt)辞职后，他接任了美国环境保护局(Environmental Protection Agency)代理局长一职。普鲁伊特因被控有不道德行为而面临着十多起联邦调查，包括他乘坐头等舱，为此花费了一大笔差旅费用。

In Nicaragua, at least 20 people were killed in a day of protest against the government of Daniel Ortega, the president. Over 300 people have been killed since protests began in April. They started as a demonstration¹³ against the government’s slow response to a forest fire and grew when it cut pensions. A dialogue between opposition¹⁴ groups and the government mediated¹⁵ by the Catholic church has been suspended.

在尼加拉瓜，至少有20人在抗议总统丹尼尔·奥尔特加(Daniel Ortega)政府的活动中丧生。自4月份抗议活动爆发以来，已有300多人丧生。最初，民众因政府对森林大火反应迟缓举行示威游行，后来随着政府削减养老金，抗议规模不断扩大。由天主教会调解的反对派团体与政府之间的对话已经暂停。

A judge on weekend duty at an appellate court in Porto Alegre, a city in southern Brazil, ordered the release from prison of Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, a popular former president who is serving a 12-year sentence for corruption¹⁶, but his decision was overturned. The appellate court’s president ruled that there were no legal grounds to free Lula.

在巴西南部城市阿雷格里港一上诉法院，一名周末值班的法官下令释放路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦(Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva)，这位颇受民众爱戴的前总统因腐败被判入狱服刑12年，但是该法官的判决结果被推翻了。上诉法院院长裁定并无法律依据释放卢拉。

Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, Mexico’s president-elect, said that Marcelo Ebrard, a former mayor of Mexico City, will be foreign minister in his government. Mr Lopez Obrador is a leftist, but Mr Ebrard is thought to be a moderate.

墨西哥当选总统安德烈斯·曼努埃尔·洛佩兹·奥夫拉多尔(Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador)表示，墨西哥前市长马塞洛·埃伯拉德(Marcelo Ebrard)将出任其政府外交部长一职。洛佩斯·奥夫拉多尔是一位左翼人士，但埃伯拉德据信是一位温和派人士。

1 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

2 karate   

n.空手道(日本的一种徒手武术)

参考例句：

• Alice's boyfriend knew a little karate.艾丽斯的男朋友懂一点儿空手道。
• The black belt is the highest level in karate.黑腰带级是空手道的最高级别。

3 inquiry   

n.打听，询问，调查，查问

参考例句：

• Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。
• The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。

4 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

5 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

6 replacement   

n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品

参考例句：

• We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
• They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

7 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

8 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 vowed   

起誓，发誓（vow的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• He vowed quite solemnly that he would carry out his promise. 他非常庄严地发誓要实现他的诺言。
• I vowed to do more of the cooking myself. 我发誓自己要多动手做饭。

10 filibustered   

v.阻碍或延宕国会或其他立法机构通过提案( filibuster的过去式和过去分词 )；掠夺

参考例句：

11 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

12 investigations   

（正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究

参考例句：

• His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查，但没有发现什么。
• He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。

13 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

14 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

15 mediated   

调停，调解，斡旋( mediate的过去式和过去分词 )； 居间促成； 影响…的发生； 使…可能发生

参考例句：

• He mediated in the quarrel between the two boys. 他调解两个孩子之间的争吵。
• The government mediated between the workers and the employers. 政府在工人与雇主间搞调和。

16 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。