2021年经济学人 中国的经济--德尔塔风波(2)

The port infection is part of an outbreak that was first discovered on July 20th at Nanjing airport.

此次口岸感染是7月20日在南京机场首次发现的疫情所引发的扩散。

By August 10th it had spread across a dozen provinces.

截至8月10日，它已经蔓延到十几个省份。

Unlike other countries, which are learning to live with Delta¹, China has imposed a hardcore combination of widespread testing and uncompromising quarantines.

与其他正在学习与德尔塔共存的国家不同，中国采取的是广泛检测和毫不妥协的隔离检疫相结合的硬核措施。

Anyone who tests positive is whisked to hospital, even if they are free of symptoms.

任何检测呈阳性的人都会被迅速送往医院，即使他们没有任何症状。

Anyone judged to have come into close contact with them (based on mobile-phone data and other indicators) is quarantined, as are close contacts of these contacts.

任何被判定与他们有过密切接触的人(根据移动电话数据和其他指标)都会被隔离，这些接触者的密切接触者也会被隔离。

By August 10th China had quarantined 50,808 people, more than 20 for every active confirmed case.

截至8月10日，中国已经隔离了50808人，平均每一个现有确诊病例要隔离20多人。

The government has discouraged nonessential travel between cities and provinces.

政府不鼓励不必要的跨市和跨省旅行。

And two of the worst-hit cities, Nanjing and Zhengzhou, have postponed² the start of the school year.

疫情最严重的两个城市，南京和郑州，已经推迟了秋季开学日期。

According to a gauge³ of lockdowns devised by Goldman Sachs, a bank, China’s restrictions⁴ are now as tight as they were in April 2020.

根据高盛(Goldman Sachs)设计的封锁指标，中国现在的限制措施与2020年4月时一样严格。

Their impact is already showing up in high-frequency data.

限制措施所产生的影响已经在高频数据中有所显现。

The median amount of traffic congestion⁵ in the 12 cities most affected⁶ by the outbreak has fallen almost 13% below its pre-pandemic norm, according to Ernan Cui of Gavekal Dragonomics, a research firm.

研究公司龙洲经讯(Gavekal Dragonomics)的Ernan Cui表示，受疫情影响最严重的12个城市的交通拥堵中位数比疫情前的正常水平下降了近13%。

And airports were operating at only 38% of their capacity on August 12th, according to Flight Master, an online-travel platform.

根据在线旅行平台Flight Master的数据，8月12日，机场的运力只有38%。

This immobilisation will add to an economic slowdown that was already under way.

这种停滞将加剧已经出现的经济放缓。

Industrial production, retail⁷ sales, investment and property sales were all weaker than expected in July, partly because the government is trying to curb⁸ steelmaking to preserve the environment, and housing speculation⁹ to preserve financial stability.

7月份的工业生产、零售销售、投资和房地产销售都比预期要差，部分原因是政府为了保护环境在试图抑制钢铁生产，为了保持金融稳定在抑制房地产投机。

Ting Lu of Nomura, another bank, expects GDP to be only 0.3% higher this quarter than last.

另一家银行野村证券的陆挺预计，本季度GDP仅比上季度高出0.3%。

He has cut his forecast for growth this year from 8.9% to 8.2%, which might warrant further easing from China’s central bank, even as housing curbs¹⁰ remain.

他已将今年的经济增长预期从8.9%下调至8.2%，这可能使中国央行有理由进一步放宽政策，尽管楼市调控仍在继续。

1 delta   

n.（流的）角洲

参考例句：

• He has been to the delta of the Nile.他曾去过尼罗河三角洲。
• The Nile divides at its mouth and forms a delta.尼罗河在河口分岔，形成了一个三角洲。

2 postponed   

vt.& vi.延期，缓办，（使）延迟vt.把…放在次要地位；[语]把…放在后面（或句尾）vi.（疟疾等）延缓发作（或复发）

参考例句：

• The trial was postponed indefinitely. 审讯无限期延迟。
• The game has already been postponed three times. 这场比赛已经三度延期了。

3 gauge   

v.精确计量；估计；n.标准度量；计量器

参考例句：

• Can you gauge what her reaction is likely to be?你能揣测她的反应可能是什么吗？
• It's difficult to gauge one's character.要判断一个人的品格是很困难的。

4 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

5 congestion   

n.阻塞，消化不良

参考例句：

• The congestion in the city gets even worse during the summer.夏天城市交通阻塞尤为严重。
• Parking near the school causes severe traffic congestion.在学校附近泊车会引起严重的交通堵塞。

6 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

7 retail   

v./n.零售；adv.以零售价格

参考例句：

• In this shop they retail tobacco and sweets.这家铺子零售香烟和糖果。
• These shoes retail at 10 yuan a pair.这些鞋子零卖10元一双。

8 curb   

n.场外证券市场，场外交易；vt.制止，抑制

参考例句：

• I could not curb my anger.我按捺不住我的愤怒。
• You must curb your daughter when you are in church.你在教堂时必须管住你的女儿。

9 speculation   

n.思索，沉思；猜测；投机

参考例句：

• Her mind is occupied with speculation.她的头脑忙于思考。
• There is widespread speculation that he is going to resign.人们普遍推测他要辞职。

10 curbs   

v.限制，克制，抑制( curb的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• In executing his functions he is not bound by any legal curbs on his power. 在他履行职务时，他的权力是不受任何法律约束的。 来自辞典例句
• Curbs on air travel were being worked out and would shortly be announced. 限制航空旅行的有关规定正在拟定中，不久即将公布。 来自辞典例句