2005年NPR美国国家公共电台九月-Great White Makes Marathon Swim

Great White sharks get around,a lot more than scientists thought. A new study in the journal Science shows that the great whites move farther and faster than anyone believed.That is important because it could be influenced the way humans try to protect the sharks.In recent years,the market for great white fins,jaws and meat has exploded.NPS John Nelson has the story.

Four years ago, marine² biologist Ramon Bonfil started throwing buckets of chum(鱼饵) off the side of a research boat near the coast of South Africa.Whenever a great white shark would swim over to snuff down the blood in the fish parts.Bonfil would lean out and hook a sophisticated tracking probe onto its dorsal³ fin¹. The shark would swim off and the probe will begin taking thousands of measurements a day.Water temperature changes in direction,speed,depth and light.Then after several monthes the probe would pop off and float up to the surface.
And that when it turns on to transmit and starts transmitting all a summary of all the data that it collected during those 6 monthes or whatever period it was on,on the shark．Satellites bounced this data down into / Bonfil's office at the wildlife conservation society in NewYork. There he charted the movements of some thirty great white sharks,some of them,as expected,stayed near established feeding grounds on the south African coast.Others,less expectedly,swam back and forth⁴ through thousands of miles of African coastal⁵ waters.Then,one of these South African sharks shows up in an impossible location--several thousand miles away off the east coast of Australia.Bonfil's first thought was that it must be a data glitch⁶.
Maybe something went wrong, maybe the satellite did something strange and you double check, triple check and it's all right.
At that point,Bonfil started jumping up and down in his office,screaming for joy.Nobody had ever seen a great white shark do anything like this before.
These sharks:"It didn't just fumble⁷ on Australia by chance."it knew that it was going there, it had a sense of direction and it was very determined⁸ going [color=red]/ and went extremely fast.
Bonfil says the fifteen-foot female shark made its journey to Australia in 3 monthes,then even more amazingly it turned around and came home.Ever since even though the shark is a female, he has been calling it the Lance Armstrong of the ocean except that it has got much bigger teeth.So much for the theory that the great white sharks stayed close to established feeding grounds.Jack⁹ Music is a shark expert at the Virgina Institute of marine science.
Australia has protected the great white shark and the south Africa has but now we are seeing that the migration¹⁰ of one individual may take it away outside of the area where is protected and then leave it vulnerable to being taken in fisheries.
Music says it's possible that the great white sharks make lots of trips like this one , Why is anybody’s guess right now .But he does have working theory.
It probably had a hot date on Australia's coast,that is my suspicion.You are serious.
It will.It couldn have gone there to mate.
What ever the reason.Music says it's now clear that the sharks need more than piecemeal¹¹ protections.And it's true that this study has already had an impact.Several monthes ago,delegates to a UN convention on trade in endangered species heard about Bonfil's marathon shark.Afterwards they formally declared the great white shark/ a threatened species.That group is now closely monitoring the shark trade.

1 fin   

n.鳍；(飞机的)安定翼

参考例句：

• They swim using a small fin on their back.它们用背上的小鳍游动。
• The aircraft has a long tail fin.那架飞机有一个长长的尾翼。

2 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

3 dorsal   

adj.背部的，背脊的

参考例句：

• His dorsal fin was down and his huge pectorals were spread wide.它的脊鳍朝下耷拉着，巨大的胸鳍大张着。
• The shark's dorsal fin was cut off by the fisherman.鲨鱼的背鳍被渔夫割了下来。

4 forth   

adv.向前；向外，往外

参考例句：

• The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
• He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

5 coastal   

adj.海岸的，沿海的，沿岸的

参考例句：

• The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
• This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。

6 glitch   

n.干扰；误操作，小故障

参考例句：

• There is a glitch in the computer program somewhere.这个计算机程序中的某个部分有点小问题。
• It could just be a random glitch that can be solved by restarting the machine.可能只是一个小故障，重新启动主机就能解决了。

7 fumble   

vi.笨拙地用手摸、弄、接等，摸索

参考例句：

• His awkwardness made him fumble with the key.由于尴尬不安，他拿钥匙开锁时显得笨手笨脚。
• He fumbled his one-handed attempt to light his cigarette.他笨拙地想用一只手点燃香烟。

8 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

9 jack   

n.插座，千斤顶，男人；v.抬起，提醒，扛举；n.（Jake）杰克

参考例句：

• I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
• He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。

10 migration   

n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙

参考例句：

• Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
• He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。

11 piecemeal   

adj.零碎的；n.片，块；adv.逐渐地；v.弄成碎块

参考例句：

• A lack of narrative drive leaves the reader with piecemeal vignettes.叙述缺乏吸引力，读者读到的只是一些支离破碎的片段。
• Let's settle the matter at one stroke,not piecemeal.把这事一气儿解决了吧，别零敲碎打了。