TED演讲:这个世界需要各种心智(6)

 　　Another thing that can be very, very, very successful is  另外一件将会是非常非常成功的事情就是

　　there is a lot of people that may have retired¹ from working in the software industry, and they can teach your kid. 我们国家有很多很多从软件行业退休的人，他们可以教孩子

　　And it doesn't matter if what they teach them is old,  即使他们教的内容是陈旧的

　　because what you're doing is you're lighting² the spark.  重要的是，他们在开启孩子的心智

　　You're getting that kid turned on.  他们可以为孩子打开崭新的世界

　　And you get him turned on, then he'll learn all the new stuff.  孩子知道世界如此精彩之后，他们就会主动的去学习新的东西

　　Mentors⁴ are just essential.  所以说，导师是至关重要的

　　I cannot emphasize enough what my science teacher did for me. 这话再强调也不为过，我最值得感谢的就是我的导师

　　And we've got to mentor³ them, hire them.  这些孩子也需要这样的导师，我们需要招募这类人

　　And if you bring them in for internships in your companies,  假如你的公司招聘一些

　　the thing about the autism, Asperger-y kind of mind,  有自闭症的孩子来实习

　　you've got to give them a specific task. Don't just say, "Design new software."  你要给他们安排具体的工作，不要说，给我做个软件

　　You've got to tell them something a lot more specific:  你要把需求的细节说清楚

　　"Well, we're designing a software for a phone and it has to do some specific thing. “我们正在设计一款手机软件，我们需要这些功能

　　And it can only use so much memory."  并且我们的手机内存只有这么多。”

　　That's the kind of specificity you need.  需要这样的细化

　　Well, that's the end of my talk.  好，我的演讲就到此结束了

　　And I just want to thank everybody for coming.  感谢大家参与

　　It was great to be here.  来到这里我感到非常高兴

　　Oh, you've got a question for me? OK.  噢，你有问题吗？好吧

　　Thank you so much for that.  非常感谢您的分享

　　You know, you once wrote, I like this quote,  记得你曾经这么写过，我非常喜欢这句话

　　"If by some magic, autism had been eradicated⁵ from the face of the Earth,  “假如有一天，自闭症可以借助神力从地球上消失

　　then men would still be socializing in front of a wood fire at the entrance to a cave." 人类还是会在洞穴入口处进行篝火聚会。”

　　Because who do you think made the first stone spears? The Asperger guy. 你认为是谁制作了第一件的石矛？是一个自闭症的男人。

　　And if you were to get rid of all the autism genetics, there would be no more Silicon⁶ Valley, 假如所有的自闭症基因都消失了,也许就不会有硅谷了，

　　and the energy crisis would not be solved. 能源危机也不可能获得解决

　　So, I want to ask you a couple other questions,  我还想问几个问题

　　and if any of these feel inappropriate, it's okay just to say, "Next question." 假如你觉得它们不合适，你可以不回答，你可以直接说“下一个”

　　But if there is someone here who has an autistic child, 假如这里有人的孩子是有自闭症的

　　or knows an autistic child and feels kind of cut off from them, 或者他们认识这样的孩子，并且感到自己跟孩子有一段鸿沟

　　what advice would you give them?  你会给他们什么建议？

　　Well, first of all, you've got to look at age.  首先你得看年龄

　　If you have a two, three or four year old you know, no speech, no social interaction,  假如是两到四岁的话并且他们不会讲话不会与人打交道

　　I can't emphasize enough:  那我认为必须每周花20个小时进行一对一的训练

　　Don't wait, you need at least 20 hours a week of one-to-one teaching.  这点是决定必要的

　　You know, the thing is, autism comes in different degrees.  因为自闭症也是分不同程度的

　　There's going to be about half the people on the spectrum⁷ that are not going to learn to talk, 有一半人他们可能不会说话

　　and they're not going to be working Silicon Valley, that would not be a reasonable thing for them to do. 他们也许不会到硅谷工作，因为那对于他们而言也不甚合适

　　But then you get the smart, geeky kids that have a touch of autism, 但是对于那些非常聪明的孩子，他们同时又有自闭症

　　and that's where you've got to get them turned on with doing interesting things. 你就必须唤起他们的兴趣，让他们做有趣的事情

　　I got social interaction through shared interest.  因为我跟别人有共同的兴趣，我就可以跟别人有接触

　　I rode horses with other kids, I made model rockets with other kids, did electronics lab with other kids, 可以跟别的孩子一起骑马，跟别的孩子一起制作火箭模型，跟他们一起制作电子实验室

　　and in the '60s, it was gluing mirrors onto a rubber membrane⁸ on a speaker to make a light show. 在1960年代，那就是在橡胶模上粘上镜子，放到扩音器上，就开始我们的灯光秀

　　That was like, we considered that super cool.  我们那时候认为这是非常酷的

1 retired   

adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的

参考例句：

• The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
• Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。

2 lighting   

n.照明，光线的明暗，舞台灯光

参考例句：

• The gas lamp gradually lost ground to electric lighting.煤气灯逐渐为电灯所代替。
• The lighting in that restaurant is soft and romantic.那个餐馆照明柔和而且浪漫。

3 mentor   

n.指导者，良师益友；v.指导

参考例句：

• He fed on the great ideas of his mentor.他以他导师的伟大思想为支撑。
• He had mentored scores of younger doctors.他指导过许多更年轻的医生。

4 mentors   

n.（无经验之人的）有经验可信赖的顾问( mentor的名词复数 )v.（无经验之人的）有经验可信赖的顾问( mentor的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Beacham and McNamara, my two mentors, had both warned me. 我的两位忠实朋友，比彻姆和麦克纳马拉都曾经警告过我。 来自辞典例句
• These are the kinds of contacts that could evolve into mentors. 这些人是可能会成为你导师。 来自互联网

5 eradicated   

画着根的

参考例句：

• Polio has been virtually eradicated in Brazil. 在巴西脊髓灰质炎实际上已经根除。
• The disease has been eradicated from the world. 这种疾病已在全世界得到根除。

6 silicon   

n.硅(旧名矽)

参考例句：

• This company pioneered the use of silicon chip.这家公司开创了使用硅片的方法。
• A chip is a piece of silicon about the size of a postage stamp.芯片就是一枚邮票大小的硅片。

7 spectrum   

n.谱，光谱，频谱；范围，幅度，系列

参考例句：

• This is a kind of atomic spectrum.这是一种原子光谱。
• We have known much of the constitution of the solar spectrum.关于太阳光谱的构成，我们已了解不少。

8 membrane   

n.薄膜，膜皮，羊皮纸

参考例句：

• A vibrating membrane in the ear helps to convey sounds to the brain.耳膜的振动帮助声音传送到大脑。
• A plastic membrane serves as selective diffusion barrier.一层塑料薄膜起着选择性渗透屏障的作用。