奥运28大项第28课 Equestrian马术 01

北京奥运28大项
"参与"，"竞争"，"分享"，"进步"
Equestrian  马术
Jumping  障碍赛
英文原文
A jumping competition is one
in which the combination of horse and competitor
is tested under various conditions over a course of obstacles.
It is a test intended to demonstrate the horse's freedom,
its energy, its skill, its speed and its obedience¹ in jumping
and the competitor's horsemanship.
If a competitor makes certain faults such as knocking down an obstacle,
refusing, exceeding the time allowed, etc.
he incurs³ penalties.
The winner of the competition is the competitor
who incurs the least number of penalties,
completes the course in the fastest time
or gains the highest number of points,
depending on the type of competition.
It is not intended to standardise jumping competitions,
since variety provides a precious element of interest for competitors
and spectators alike, which must be preserved at all costs.
讲解
逐句对照
A jumping competition is one
in which the combination of horse and competitor
is tested under various conditions over a course of obstacles.
jumping
show-jumping  场地障碍赛
It is a test intended to demonstrate the horse's freedom,
its energy, its skill, its speed and its obedience in jumping
and the competitor's horsemanship.
obedience  服从，顺从
Obedience to order is very important in an army.
If a competitor makes certain faults such as knocking down an obstacle,
refusing, exceeding the time allowed, etc.
he incurs penalties.
incur²  招惹，得到
An enterprise has to incur certain costs
and expenses in order to stay in business.
The winner of the competition is the competitor
who incurs the least number of penalties,
completes the course in the fastest time
or gains the highest number of points,
depending on the type of competition.
depend on  被…决定，以…为条件，取决于
It all depends on whether she like the boss or not.
It is not intended to standardise jumping competitions,
since variety provides a precious element of interest for competitors
and spectators alike,
which must be preserved at all costs.
at all costs
at any cost
不惜任何代价，无论如何
He is determined⁴ to win at all costs.
原文重听
A jumping competition is one
in which the combination of horse and competitor
is tested under various conditions over a course of obstacles.
It is a test intended to demonstrate the horse's freedom,
its energy, its skill, its speed and its obedience in jumping
and the competitor's horsemanship.
If a competitor makes certain faults such as knocking down an obstacle,
refusing, exceeding the time allowed, etc.
he incurs penalties.
The winner of the competition is the competitor
who incurs the least number of penalties,
completes the course in the fastest time
or gains the highest number of points,
depending on the type of competition.
It is not intended to standardise jumping competitions,
since variety provides a precious element of interest for competitors
and spectators alike, which must be preserved at all costs.

1 obedience   

n.服从，顺从

参考例句：

• Society has a right to expect obedience of the law.社会有权要求人人遵守法律。
• Soldiers act in obedience to the orders of their superior officers.士兵们遵照上级军官的命令行动。

2 incur   

vt.招致，蒙受，遭遇

参考例句：

• Any costs that you incur will be reimbursed in full.你的所有花费都将全额付还。
• An enterprise has to incur certain costs and expenses in order to stay in business.一个企业为了维持营业,就不得不承担一定的费用和开支。

3 incurs   

遭受，招致，引起( incur的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• She falls in love and incurs the wrath of her father. 她恋爱了，这引起了父亲的愤怒。
• A judge incurs no civil liability for judicial acts, even if guilty of fraud and corruption. 法官不得因其司法行为而承担民事责任，即使犯有诈欺与贪污罪。 来自口语例句

4 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。