财经金融新闻 中国外汇储备为什么减少

Today we have some excerpts¹ from the man who manages one of the world's most important currencies, Zhou Xiaochuan, governor of the People's Bank of China.

今天我们摘录货币政策管理者，中国人民银行行长周小川的讲话。

It's been a while since we heard from the governor,

行长已很久没有发声，

and his interview with Caixin comes at a time when weakening exchange rate and turmoil² in Chinese markets have sent jitters³ throughout global markets.

此次接受财新采访正值汇率贬值，中国市场引发全球“震动”时期。

Since last August, the central bank has sought to prop⁴ up the nation's currency by selling more foreign exchanges and tightening⁵ capital control in some areas.

自去年8月起，中央银行试图通过出售外汇，加紧资本控制来提高汇率。

And so naturally, all eyes have been on the central bank's next moves,

自然而然，人们聚焦央行下一步举措，

with concerns that China's foreign reserves will keep falling and that the yuan will continue to depreciate⁶.

但人们担心中国外汇储备会持续下降，人民币会继续贬值。

In January alone, $110 billion flowed out of the country,

仅今年1月，中国外储减少1100亿美元，

with total reserves falling to their lowest level in almost four years.

跌破近4年以来最低值。

Zhou dismissed concerns about dwindling⁷ forex reserves,

周小川打破外储下跌担忧，

saying that there was a need to distinguish capital outflows from capital flight.

称我们需要将资本外流与资本外逃加以区分。

"China's foreign exchange reserves are more than enough for international payments as capital flows in and out,

他称：“不管是资金外流还是内流，中国外储足够应付国际支付，

the foreign exchange reserves may decline now and increase later.

外储或许会升高，也或许会降低。

As long as there's no problem in the economic fundamentals, rises and falls of reserves are perfectly⁸ normal", he said.

只要经济基本面没问题，外储增减非常正常。”

In January, offshore⁹ yuan also experienced bouts¹⁰ of rapid deprecation partly due to speculative¹¹ investors¹² betting on the currency to get weaker.

因投机者笃定汇率疲软，离岸人民币迎新一轮贬值。

In response, the central bank has bought up off-shore yuan and tightened¹³ yuan supply in the offshore markets,

对此，央行买入离岸人民币，加强离岸市场人民币供给管理，

despite concern that the moves may go against the goal of truly internationalizing the yuan.

虽然人们认为此举违背人民币国际化目标。

Blaming short selling speculators for fueling the yuan's depreciation¹⁴,

因投机者抛空导致人民币贬值，

Zhou emphasized the central bank will not let them dominate market sentiment.

周小川强调称，央行绝不会允许他们掌控市场情绪。

"If speculation¹⁵ becomes the key problem in the foreign exchange market, we'll emphasize on dealing¹⁶ with speculation;

他表示称：“若投机活动成为外汇市场的主要问题，那么我们将集中处理此事；

but when the market gradually goes back to a relatively¹⁷ normal state, yuan internationalization will keep on," he said.

当市场重回正轨，人民币国际化进程将继续。”

Zhou has also emphasized that there is no basis for the yuan to continue depreciating¹⁸ and that the central bank had no intentions to devalue the currency for the purpose of boosting exports.

周还强调称，人民币没有持续贬值基础，央行也不会为增加出口而使人民币贬值。

"In order to explain the depreciation pressures on the yuan against the US dollar,

他称：“为了解释人民币对美元贬值，

one has to examine major factors such as the rapid appreciation¹⁹ of the US dollar against other currencies, domestic and external events, and short-term market sentiment," he said.

我们需要了解美元对其它货币迅速贬值，内部和外部事物以及短期市场情绪等因素。”

1 excerpts   

n.摘录，摘要( excerpt的名词复数 )；节选（音乐，电影）片段

参考例句：

• Some excerpts from a Renaissance mass are spatchcocked into Gluck's pallid Don Juan music. 一些文艺复光时期的弥撒的选节被不适当地加入到了格鲁克平淡无味的唐璜音乐中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He is editing together excerpts of some of his films. 他正在将自己制作的一些电影的片断进行剪辑合成。 来自辞典例句

2 turmoil   

n.骚乱，混乱，动乱

参考例句：

• His mind was in such a turmoil that he couldn't get to sleep.内心的纷扰使他无法入睡。
• The robbery put the village in a turmoil.抢劫使全村陷入混乱。

3 jitters   

n.pl.紧张(通常前面要有the)

参考例句：

• I always get the jitters before exams. 我考试前总是很紧张。
• The whole city had the jitters from the bombing. 全城居民都为轰炸而心神不宁。

4 prop   

vt.支撑；n.支柱，支撑物；支持者，靠山

参考例句：

• A worker put a prop against the wall of the tunnel to keep it from falling.一名工人用东西支撑住隧道壁好使它不会倒塌。
• The government does not intend to prop up declining industries.政府无意扶持不景气的企业。

5 tightening   

上紧，固定，紧密

参考例句：

• Make sure the washer is firmly seated before tightening the pipe. 旋紧水管之前，检查一下洗衣机是否已牢牢地固定在底座上了。
• It needs tightening up a little. 它还需要再收紧些。

6 depreciate   

v.降价，贬值，折旧

参考例句：

• The computer value will depreciate by $ 500 in the first year.在头一年里这台电脑会贬值500美元。
• If you neglect this property,it will depreciate.如果你忽视这份资产，它无形中就贬值了。

7 dwindling   

adj.逐渐减少的v.逐渐变少或变小( dwindle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The number of wild animals on the earth is dwindling. 地球上野生动物的数量正日渐减少。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He is struggling to come to terms with his dwindling authority. 他正努力适应自己权力被削弱这一局面。 来自辞典例句

8 perfectly   

adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
• Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。

9 offshore   

adj.海面的，吹向海面的；adv.向海面

参考例句：

• A big program of oil exploration has begun offshore.一个大规模的石油勘探计划正在近海展开。
• A gentle current carried them slowly offshore.和缓的潮流慢慢地把他们带离了海岸。

10 bouts   

n.拳击（或摔跤）比赛( bout的名词复数 )；一段（工作）；（尤指坏事的）一通；（疾病的）发作

参考例句：

• For much of his life he suffered from recurrent bouts of depression. 他的大半辈子反复发作抑郁症。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• It was one of fistiana's most famous championship bouts. 这是拳击界最有名的冠军赛之一。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

11 speculative   

adj.思索性的，暝想性的，推理的

参考例句：

• Much of our information is speculative.我们的许多信息是带推测性的。
• The report is highly speculative and should be ignored.那个报道推测的成分很大，不应理会。

12 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

13 tightened   

收紧( tighten的过去式和过去分词 )； （使）变紧； （使）绷紧； 加紧

参考例句：

• The rope holding the boat suddenly tightened and broke. 系船的绳子突然绷断了。
• His index finger tightened on the trigger but then relaxed again. 他的食指扣住扳机，然后又松开了。

14 depreciation   

n.价值低落，贬值，蔑视，贬低

参考例句：

• She can't bear the depreciation of the enemy.她受不了敌人的蹂躏。
• They wrote off 500 for depreciation of machinery.他们注销了500镑作为机器折旧费。

15 speculation   

n.思索，沉思；猜测；投机

参考例句：

• Her mind is occupied with speculation.她的头脑忙于思考。
• There is widespread speculation that he is going to resign.人们普遍推测他要辞职。

16 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

17 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

18 depreciating   

v.贬值，跌价，减价( depreciate的现在分词 )；贬低，蔑视，轻视

参考例句：

• Explain how depreciating PP&E is an example of the matching principle. 解释房产、厂房、设备折旧如何体现了配比原则？ 来自互联网
• Explain how depreciating an example of the matching principle. 解释房产、房、备折旧如何体现了配比原则？ 来自互联网

19 appreciation   

n.评价；欣赏；感谢；领会，理解；价格上涨

参考例句：

• I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to you all.我想对你们所有人表达我的感激和谢意。
• I'll be sending them a donation in appreciation of their help.我将送给他们一笔捐款以感谢他们的帮助。