2022年经济学人 苹果等公司承诺为员工堕胎提供路费

搜索

复制

The world this week--Business

本周国际要闻--商业

Several American companies responded to a Supreme¹ Court decision to overturn Roe² v Wade³, the ruling that declared abortion⁴ a constitutional right in 1973.

几家美国公司对最高法院推翻罗伊诉韦德案的裁决做出了应对，该裁决于1973年宣布堕胎作为一项宪法权利。

Amazon, Apple, Meta, JPMorgan Chase, Microsoft and Nike were among those that pledged to cover travel costs for employees seeking abortions⁵ and other medical care not available in their state.

亚马逊、苹果、Meta、摩根大通、微软、耐克等公司承诺为寻求堕胎和所在州无法提供这类医疗服务的员工支付路费。

Consumer confidence in America fell to its lowest point in over a year in June amid concerns about inflation, according to a survey by the Conference Board, a research organisation⁶.

研究机构Conference Board的一项调查研究显示，由于担心通货膨胀，美国消费者信心在6月份跌至一年多来的最低点。

The six-month outlook of consumers on the state of the economy and labour market was the bleakest⁷ in nearly a decade.

六个月来，消费者对经济和劳动力市场状况的看法是近十年来最黯淡的。

In Britain, consumer confidence fell to its lowest level since records began in 1974, data published by GfK, a consumer-goods research company, showed.

消费品研究公司GfK公布的数据显示，在英国，消费者信心跌至1974年有记录以来的最低水平。

Lufthansa, a German airline, became the latest carrier to cancel thousands of flights because of staff shortages at airports.

由于机场人员短缺，德国汉莎航空公司成为最新一家取消数千个航班的航空公司。

The carrier will slash⁸ over 3,000 flights to and from Frankfurt and Munich this summer.

今年夏天，该航空公司将削减往返法兰克福和慕尼黑的3000多个航班。

This follows weeks of disruption at airports across America and Europe.

在此之前，美国和欧洲的机场连续数周航班中断。

Russia defaulted on its foreign debt for the first time since 1918 after Western sanctions blocked it from paying its creditors⁹.

由于西方制裁，俄罗斯无法偿还其债权人的债务，这是自1918年以来俄罗斯首次出现外债违约。

Despite having sufficient foreign currency to service its debt, Moscow failed to make interest payments of about $100m on two bonds, both of which were originally due on May 27th, but carried a 30-day grace period.

尽管有足够的外汇来偿还债务，但莫斯科未能支付两笔约1亿美元的债券利息，这两笔债券最初都是5月27日到期的，但都有30天的宽限期。

EY, an auditing¹¹ firm, was fined $100m by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), America’s securities regulator, settling claims that dozens of its audit¹⁰ staff cheated on ethics¹² exams.

审计公司安永被美国证券监管机构证券交易委员会(SEC)罚款1亿美元，就其数十名审计人员在道德考试中作弊的指控达成和解。

EY was also accused of misleading investigators¹³.

安永还被指控误导调查人员。

The penalty is the highest ever imposed by the SEC on an auditor¹⁴.

这是美国证券交易委员会有史以来对审计人员开出的最高罚单。

It is double the amount paid in 2019 by KPMG, a rival firm, for altering old audit work using stolen data.

这是其竞争对手毕马威在2019年因使用窃取的数据篡改旧审计工作而支付的金额的两倍。

The board of Disney voted to extend Bob Chapek’s contract as chief executive for three more years, putting an end to speculation¹⁵ about his future at the media conglomerate¹⁶.

迪士尼董事会投票决定将鲍勃·查帕克担任首席执行官的合同再延长三年，从而结束了外界对他在这家媒体集团未来的猜测。

Mr Chapek, who took over in 2020, had faced criticism over Disney’s response to a law in Florida dubbed¹⁷ “Don’t Say Gay” by its critics.

查帕克于2020年上任，他曾因迪士尼对佛罗里达州一项被批评者称为“不要讲同性恋”的法律的回应而受到批评。

The law is aimed at preventing discussion of gender¹⁸ identity and sexual orientation¹⁹ at primary schools.

这项法律旨在防止在小学讨论性别认同和性取向。

Credit Suisse, Switzerland’s second-largest bank, was found guilty by the country’s top criminal court for its role in the laundering²⁰ of drug money by Bulgarian clients between 2004 and 2008.

瑞士第二大银行瑞士信贷被该国最高刑事法院裁定有罪，原因是该行在2004年至2008年期间参与了保加利亚客户为毒品洗钱的活动。

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 roe   

n.鱼卵；獐鹿

参考例句：

• We will serve smoked cod's roe at the dinner.宴会上我们将上一道熏鳕鱼子。
• I'll scramble some eggs with roe?我用鱼籽炒几个鸡蛋好吗？

3 wade   

v.跋涉，涉水；n.跋涉

参考例句：

• We had to wade through the river to the opposite bank.我们只好涉水过河到对岸。
• We cannot but wade across the river.我们只好趟水过去。

4 abortion   

n.流产，堕胎

参考例句：

• She had an abortion at the women's health clinic.她在妇女保健医院做了流产手术。
• A number of considerations have led her to have a wilful abortion.多种考虑使她执意堕胎。

5 abortions   

n.小产( abortion的名词复数 )；小产胎儿；（计划）等中止或夭折；败育

参考例句：

• The Venerable Master: By not having abortions, by not killing living beings. 上人：不堕胎、不杀生。 来自互联网
• Conclusion Chromosome abnormality is one of the causes of spontaneous abortions. 结论：染色体异常是导致反复自然流产的原因之一。 来自互联网

6 organisation   

n.组织，安排，团体，有机休

参考例句：

• The method of his organisation work is worth commending.他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
• His application for membership of the organisation was rejected.他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。

7 bleakest   

阴冷的( bleak的最高级 )； （状况）无望的； 没有希望的； 光秃的

参考例句：

• This is the bleakest novel I've ever read. 这是我读过的小说中最乏味的一本。
• Relax! When things appear at their bleakest. 放松！当情况显得凄凉的时候。

8 slash   

vi.大幅度削减；vt.猛砍，尖锐抨击，大幅减少；n.猛砍，斜线，长切口，衣衩

参考例句：

• The shop plans to slash fur prices after Spring Festival.该店计划在春节之后把皮货降价。
• Don't slash your horse in that cruel way.不要那样残忍地鞭打你的马。

9 creditors   

n.债权人，债主( creditor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They agreed to repay their creditors over a period of three years. 他们同意3年内向债主还清欠款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 audit   

v.审计；查帐；核对；旁听

参考例句：

• Each year they audit our accounts and certify them as being true and fair.他们每年对我们进行账务审核，以确保其真实无误。
• As usual,the yearly audit will take place in December.跟往常一样，年度审计将在十二月份进行。

11 auditing   

n.审计，查账，决算

参考例句：

• Auditing standards are the rules governing how an audit is performed.收支检查标准是规则统治一个稽核如何被运行。
• The auditing services market is dominated by a few large accounting firms.审计服务市场被几家大型会计公司独占了。

12 ethics   

n.伦理学；伦理观，道德标准

参考例句：

• The ethics of his profession don't permit him to do that.他的职业道德不允许他那样做。
• Personal ethics and professional ethics sometimes conflict.个人道德和职业道德有时会相互抵触。

13 investigators   

n.调查者，审查者( investigator的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
• The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 auditor   

n.审计员，旁听着

参考例句：

• The auditor was required to produce his working papers.那个审计员被要求提供其工作底稿。
• The auditor examines the accounts of all county officers and departments.审计员查对所有县官员及各部门的帐目。

15 speculation   

n.思索，沉思；猜测；投机

参考例句：

• Her mind is occupied with speculation.她的头脑忙于思考。
• There is widespread speculation that he is going to resign.人们普遍推测他要辞职。

16 conglomerate   

n.综合商社，多元化集团公司

参考例句：

• The firm has been taken over by an American conglomerate.该公司已被美国一企业集团接管。
• An American conglomerate holds a major share in the company.一家美国的大联合企业持有该公司的大部分股份。

17 dubbed   

v.给…起绰号( dub的过去式和过去分词 )；把…称为；配音；复制

参考例句：

• Mathematics was once dubbed the handmaiden of the sciences. 数学曾一度被视为各门科学的基础。
• Is the movie dubbed or does it have subtitles? 这部电影是配音的还是打字幕的？ 来自《简明英汉词典》

18 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

19 orientation   

n.方向，目标；熟悉，适应，情况介绍

参考例句：

• Children need some orientation when they go to school.小孩子上学时需要适应。
• The traveller found his orientation with the aid of a good map.旅行者借助一幅好地图得知自己的方向。

20 laundering   

n.洗涤（衣等），洗烫（衣等）；洗（钱）v.洗（衣服等），洗烫（衣服等）( launder的现在分词 )；洗（黑钱）（把非法收入改头换面，变为貌似合法的收入）

参考例句：

• Separate the white clothes from the dark clothes before laundering. 洗衣前应当把浅色衣服和深色衣服分开。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He was charged with laundering money. 他被指控洗钱。 来自《简明英汉词典》