2022年经济学人 缅因州龙虾产业正面临压力(2)

Seafood¹ Watch believes these measures "do not go far enough".

海鲜观察组织认为，这些措施“还远远不够”。

The right whale (supposedly so named for being the "right" whales to hunt because they floated when they were killed) is in danger of extinction².

露脊鲸(之所以这样命名，是因为它们在被捕杀时会浮上水面，因此被认为是最适合捕猎的鲸鱼)正面临灭绝的危险。

Fewer than 350 North Atlantic right whales survive.

现存的北大西洋露脊鲸不到350头。

According to one study, over 80% of them have been entangled³ in fishing gear at least once.

根据一项研究，超过80%的露脊鲸至少被渔具缠住过一次。

They bear the scars.

他们承受着痛苦。

Maine's lobstermen say that the damage is not caused by them.

缅因州的龙虾渔民表示，这些伤害不是他们造成的。

There have been no documented deaths associated with Maine gear.

目前还没有露脊鲸由于缅因州渔具而死亡的记录。

Seafood Watch should be celebrating a proactive industry, says Luke Holden, a lobsterman and owner of Luke's Lobster⁴, a restaurant on Portland pier⁵.

海鲜观察本应该为这个行业的积极主动表示感激，卢克·霍尔登说，他是捕龙虾的渔民，也是波特兰码头卢克龙虾餐厅的老板。

He also owns a processing plant and sells to Whole Foods, a supermarket chain.

他还拥有一家加工厂，向名为“全食超市”的连锁超市出售产品。

"What else can we do to reduce risk?" he asks.

“我们还能做些什么来降低风险呢？”他问道。

"How can we work together to continue to protect what's important?"

“我们如何共同努力，继续保护重要的生物？”

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric⁶ Administration (NOAA), the federal agency which oversees⁷ the country's fisheries, has long been working with Maine to support sustainable lobster fishing and protect endangered species.

美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）是监督美国渔业的联邦机构，长期以来一直与缅因州合作，进行可持续的龙虾捕捞和濒危物种保护。

"We fully⁸ recognise that Maine lobstermen have done a ton over the years," says Allison Ferreira of NOAA, "but more needs to be done."

NOAA的艾莉森·费雷拉说：“我们完全认可缅因州的龙虾渔民多年来做的大量工作，但他们还需要做更多的工作。”

Last year NOAA set a goal of reducing risk to whales by 90%.

去年，NOAA制定了将鲸鱼因捕鱼设备而面临风险的可能性降低90%的目标。

Its plan for doing this includes ropeless traps, which could be costly⁹.

这项计划包括使用价格高昂的无绳陷阱。

"We are all going to have to make big changes to this industry," says Annie Tselikis of the Maine Lobster Dealers¹⁰' Association.

缅因州龙虾经销商协会的安妮·特塞利基斯说：“这个行业将不得不做出重大改变。”

"Fishermen will have to make major adjustments on the water.

“渔民必须对捕鱼设备作出重大调整。

And we don't know what that's going to do to impact the supply."

我们不知道这会对龙虾供应造成多大影响。”

"One thing in this business, if you can hold on long enough, the wind will stop blowing," says Mr Holden's father, Jeff, who was the first licensed¹¹ lobster processor.

霍尔登的父亲杰夫是第一个获得许可的龙虾加工商，他说：“在这个行业里，只要你坚持得够久，风就会停下来。”

"The losses will stall when the market straightens itself."

“市场恢复正常时，就不会再有损失。”

But this time is different.

但这一次不同。

Many fear the industry is being eliminated.

许多人担心这个行业正在被淘汰。

A study conducted in 2016 shows that the lobster supply chain in Maine contributes $1bn to the state's economy each year.

2016年进行的一项研究显示，缅因州的龙虾供应链每年为该州经济贡献10亿美元。

As many as 12,000 people work in it.

该行业的工作人员多达12,000人。

And the loss of the lobster industry would go beyond the lobstermen, dealers and processors.

龙虾产业的损失将不仅仅是龙虾渔民、经销商和加工商。

Restaurants and lobster shacks¹², which rely on holiday-goers lured¹³ by quaint¹⁴ coastal¹⁵ fishing towns, could be hurt, too.

依赖古朴的沿海渔镇吸引度假者的餐馆和龙虾小屋也可能受到影响。

If the lobster business vanishes, many coastal towns could struggle to survive.

如果龙虾生意消失，许多沿海城镇可能要挣扎求生。

Thousands of families and small businesses that rely on the catch would suffer.

数以千计以捕龙虾为生的家庭和小企业将蒙受损失。

Lobster is synonymous with Maine, so integral to its brand that the state offers a licence plate depicting¹⁶ the crustacean¹⁷.

龙虾是缅因州的代名词，该州与龙虾密不可分，以至于会提供画有龙虾这种甲壳类动物的车牌。

Your correspondent lost count of how many people she saw wearing belts with pictures of lobsters¹⁸.

记者数不清她看到有多少人系着印有龙虾图样的皮带。

The lobster industry is more than a job for most.

对大多数人来说，龙虾产业不仅仅意味着一份工作。

"It's part of our identity," Ms McCarron says.

麦卡伦表示：“这是我们身份认同的一部分。”

"It's part of our heritage."

“这是我们传统文化的一部分。”

1 seafood   

n.海产食品，海味，海鲜

参考例句：

• There's an excellent seafood restaurant near here.离这儿不远有家非常不错的海鲜馆。
• Shrimps are a popular type of seafood.小虾是比较普遍的一种海味。

2 extinction   

n.熄灭，消亡，消灭，灭绝，绝种

参考例句：

• The plant is now in danger of extinction.这种植物现在有绝种的危险。
• The island's way of life is doomed to extinction.这个岛上的生活方式注定要消失。

3 entangled   

adj.卷入的；陷入的；被缠住的；缠在一起的v.使某人（某物/自己）缠绕，纠缠于（某物中），使某人（自己）陷入（困难或复杂的环境中）( entangle的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The bird had become entangled in the wire netting. 那只小鸟被铁丝网缠住了。
• Some military observers fear the US could get entangled in another war. 一些军事观察家担心美国会卷入另一场战争。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 lobster   

n.龙虾，龙虾肉

参考例句：

• The lobster is a shellfish.龙虾是水生贝壳动物。
• I like lobster but it does not like me.我喜欢吃龙虾，但它不适宜于我的健康。

5 pier   

n.码头；桥墩，桥柱；[建]窗间壁，支柱

参考例句：

• The pier of the bridge has been so badly damaged that experts worry it is unable to bear weight.这座桥的桥桩破损厉害，专家担心它已不能负重。
• The ship was making towards the pier.船正驶向码头。

6 atmospheric   

adj.大气的，空气的；大气层的；大气所引起的

参考例句：

• Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
• Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。

7 oversees   

v.监督，监视( oversee的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• She oversees both the research and the manufacturing departments. 她既监督研究部门又监督生产部门。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The Department of Education oversees the federal programs dealing with education. 教育部监管处理教育的联邦程序。 来自互联网

8 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

9 costly   

adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的

参考例句：

• It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
• This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用，左不过贵了些。

10 dealers   

n.商人( dealer的名词复数 )；贩毒者；毒品贩子；发牌者

参考例句：

• There was fast bidding between private collectors and dealers. 私人收藏家和交易商急速竞相喊价。
• The police were corrupt and were operating in collusion with the drug dealers. 警察腐败，与那伙毒品贩子内外勾结。

11 licensed   

adj.得到许可的v.许可，颁发执照(license的过去式和过去分词)

参考例句：

• The new drug has not yet been licensed in the US. 这种新药尚未在美国获得许可。
• Is that gun licensed? 那支枪有持枪执照吗？

12 shacks   

n.窝棚，简陋的小屋( shack的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They live in shacks which they made out of wood. 他们住在用木头搭成的简陋的小屋里。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Most people in Port au-Prince live in tin shacks. 太子港的大多数居民居住在铁皮棚里。 来自互联网

13 lured   

吸引，引诱（lure的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• The child was lured into a car but managed to escape. 那小孩被诱骗上了车，但又设法逃掉了。
• Lured by the lust of gold,the pioneers pushed onward. 开拓者在黄金的诱惑下，继续奋力向前。

14 quaint   

adj.古雅的，离奇有趣的，奇怪的

参考例句：

• There were many small lanes in the quaint village.在这古香古色的村庄里，有很多小巷。
• They still keep some quaint old customs.他们仍然保留着一些稀奇古怪的旧风俗。

15 coastal   

adj.海岸的，沿海的，沿岸的

参考例句：

• The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
• This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。

16 depicting   

描绘，描画( depict的现在分词 )； 描述

参考例句：

• a painting depicting the Virgin and Child 一幅描绘童贞马利亚和圣子耶稣的画
• The movie depicting the battles and bloodshed is bound to strike home. 这部描写战斗和流血牺牲的影片一定会取得预期效果。

17 crustacean   

n.甲壳动物；adj.甲壳纲的

参考例句：

• Seafood is a valuable lobster crustacean section.名贵海珍品龙虾属甲壳科。
• The illustrious Cuvier did not perceive that a barnacle was a crustacean.大名鼎鼎的居维叶也未看出藤壶是一种甲壳动物。

18 lobsters   

龙虾( lobster的名词复数 )； 龙虾肉

参考例句：

• I have no idea about how to prepare those cuttlefish and lobsters. 我对如何烹调那些乌贼和龙虾毫无概念。
• She sold me a couple of live lobsters. 她卖了几只活龙虾给我。