2023年经济学人 连续加息10次后 美联储按下暂停键

连续加息10次后 美联储按下暂停键

    The world this week--Business

    本周国际要闻--商业

    The Federal Reserve decided¹ to leave its key interest rate unchanged at a range of 5% to 5.25%.

    美联储决定将关键利率维持在5%至5.25%的区间不变。

    It was the first time that America’s central bank left the rate on hold following ten consecutive² increases, which started in March 2022.

    这是美国央行自2022年3月开始连续10次加息后首次保持利率不变。

    However, it indicated that it would probably lift the rate twice again this year.

    然而，美联储暗示今年可能会再次加息两次。

    The easing of inflationary pressures was a big factor behind the Fed’s decision.

    缓解通胀压力是美联储做出这一决定的一大因素。

    America’s overall annual inflation rate fell to 4% in May, the lowest it’s been since March 2021.

    今年5月，美国年度通货膨胀率降至4%，是自2021年3月以来的最低水平。

    Core inflation, which strips out energy and food prices, was 5.3%: it has hardly budged³ since the start of the year, in part because housing-related costs are rising.

    除去能源和食品价格的核心通胀率为5.3%: 自年初以来几乎没有变化，部分原因是与住房相关的成本正在上升。

    Despite higher mortgage rates, house prices are steadily⁴ increasing again.

    尽管抵押贷款利率上升，但房价再次稳步上涨。

    The French finance minister, Bruno Le Maire, secured a promise from 75 food producers to cut their prices.

    法国财政部长布鲁诺·勒梅尔从75家食品生产商那里获得降价承诺。

    Food prices in France rose by 14.1% in the 12 months to May.

    截至今年5月，法国食品价格在12个月内上涨了14.1%。

    New figures showing that wages are soaring in Britain probably mean that more interest-rate rises from the Bank of England are on the cards.

    最新数据显示，英国的工资正在飙升，这可能意味着英国央行可能会进一步加息。

    The data caused the yields on short-term government bonds to jump to their highest levels since August 2008, higher even than the spike⁵ after the ill-fated mini-budget of Liz Truss’s government last September.

    这些数据导致短期政府债券收益率跃升至2008年8月以来的最高水平，甚至高于去年9月利兹·特拉斯政府命运不佳的迷你预算出台后的峰值。

    UBS completed its takeover of Credit Suisse, bringing an end to the latter’s 167 years of independence; for now it will operate as a subsidiary.

    瑞银完成了对瑞信的收购，结束了瑞信167年的独立; 目前，瑞信将作为一家子公司运营。

    The emergency takeover was proposed by the Swiss government in March following the collapse⁶ of market confidence in Credit Suisse after years of scandals and losses.

    瑞士政府于今年3月提出紧急收购计划，此前，多年的丑闻与亏损导致市场对瑞信的信心崩塌。

    The combined company will oversee⁷ $5trn in assets.

    合并后的公司将监管5万亿美元的资产。

    America’s Nasdaq stock exchange agreed to buy Adenza, a provider of risk-management and regulatory software, for $10.5bn.

    美国纳斯达克证券交易所同意以105亿美元收购风险管理与监管软件提供商Adenza。

    Nasdaq is best known for the tech firms that list their shares on the exchange.

    纳斯达克以在该交易所上市的科技公司而闻名。

    It reckons the deal will boost its financial-compliance services.

    纳斯达克期望，该交易将提升其金融合规服务。

    In Japan the Nikkei stockmarket index closed above the 33,000 mark for the first time since 1990.

    日本股票指数日经指数(Nikkei)自1990年以来首次收盘突破33000点大关。

    It was boosted this week in part by a surge in the share price of SoftBank, amid rumours⁸ that it might team up with the firm behind Chatgpt.

    本周，有传言称软银可能与Chatgpt背后的公司合作，软银股价飙升, 这在一定程度上推动了这一趋势。

    The Nikkei has gained 30% this year and the Topix 20%, helped by a weaker yen⁹ that has attracted foreign investors¹⁰.

    受日元贬值吸引外资的推动，日经指数今年上涨了30%，东证指数上涨了20%。

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 consecutive   

adj.连续的，联贯的，始终一贯的

参考例句：

• It has rained for four consecutive days.已连续下了四天雨。
• The policy of our Party is consecutive.我党的政策始终如一。

3 budged   

v.（使）稍微移动( budge的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）改变主意，（使）让步

参考例句：

• Old Bosc had never budged an inch--he was totally indifferent. 老包斯克一直连动也没有动，他全然无所谓。 来自辞典例句
• Nobody budged you an inch. 别人一丁点儿都算计不了你。 来自辞典例句

4 steadily   

adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地

参考例句：

• The scope of man's use of natural resources will steadily grow.人类利用自然资源的广度将日益扩大。
• Our educational reform was steadily led onto the correct path.我们的教学改革慢慢上轨道了。

5 spike   

n.长钉，钉鞋；v.以大钉钉牢，使...失效

参考例句：

• The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
• They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。

6 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

7 oversee   

vt.监督，管理

参考例句：

• Soldiers oversee the food handouts.士兵们看管着救济食品。
• Use a surveyor or architect to oversee and inspect the different stages of the work.请一位房产检视员或建筑师来监督并检查不同阶段的工作。

8 rumours   

n.传闻( rumour的名词复数 )；风闻；谣言；谣传

参考例句：

• The rumours were completely baseless. 那些谣传毫无根据。
• Rumours of job losses were later confirmed. 裁员的传言后来得到了证实。

9 yen   

n. 日元；热望

参考例句：

• He wanted to convert his dollars into Japanese yen.他想将美元换成日币。
• He has a yen to be alone in a boat.他渴望独自呆在一条船上。

10 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会