2023年经济学人 特斯拉第三季度净利润暴跌44%

特斯拉第三季度净利润暴跌44%

    The world this week--Business

    本周国际要闻--商业

    Tesla issued a downbeat earnings¹ report.

    特斯拉发布了一份悲观的收益报告。

    Net profit fell by 44% in the third quarter, year on year; its operating margin², a closely tracked measure of the difference between its income and expenses, plunged³ to 7.6%.

    第三季度净利润同比下降44%；营业利润率(一项密切追踪的衡量收入与支出之差的指标)骤降至7.6%。

    The carmaker also said that although it will start delivering its long-delayed Cybertruck to customers in November it could take up to 18 months for the vehicle to turn a profit.

    这家汽车制造商还表示，尽管特斯拉将在11月开始向客户交付拖延已久的CyberTruck，但这款车可能需要长达18个月的时间才能实现盈利。

    The American government tightened⁴ its ban on selling chips to China for use in artificial intelligence, extending the rules to capture sales of chips that had previously⁵ fallen just outside the ban’s technical parameters⁶.

    美国政府收紧了向中国出售用于人工智能的芯片的禁令，扩大了规则的适用范围，以涵盖此前不在禁令技术参数范围内的芯片销售。

    The clampdown is bad news for Nvidia, which said that the new restrictions⁷ would apply to its H800 AI chip.

    这一压制对英伟达来说是个坏消息。英伟达表示，新的限制将适用于其H800 AI芯片。

    Chinese tech companies have been rushing to buy up the modified chip in case of a prohibition⁸.

    中国科技公司一直在争相抢购这种改装后的芯片，以防美国禁令出台。

    Meanwhile, Nvidia announced a partnership⁹ with Foxconn, a Taiwanese manufacturer, to build data centres powered by Nvidia’s technology.

    与此同时，英伟达宣布与台湾制造商富士康合作，建设由英伟达技术驱动的数据中心。

    The race for dominance in AI was thrown into focus when Baidu announced that its Ernie 4 chatbot was now as good as OpenAI’s GPT-4.

    当百度宣布其Ernie 4聊天机器人现在与OpenAI公司的GPT-4一样出色时，人工智能领域的主导地位之争成为焦点。

    The Chinese tech giant showed off Ernie’s capabilities¹⁰ at an event in Beijing by getting it to complete tasks, such as writing a martial-arts novel.

    在北京的一次活动中，这家中国科技巨头通过让Ernie完成诸如写一本武侠小说这类的任务展示了它的能力。

    Ernie has 45m users, a fraction of ChatGPT’s 180m, though the American bot was launched several months earlier.

    Ernie拥有4500万用户，只是ChatGPT1.8亿用户的一部分，尽管几个月前OpenAI才推出这款美国机器人。

    Microsoft at last completed its takeover of Activision Blizzard¹¹, the biggest ever in the video-game industry, 21 months after it was first announced.

    在宣布收购动视暴雪21个月后，微软终于完成了对动视暴雪的收购。动视暴雪是视频游戏行业有史以来最大的公司。

    The deal had been resisted by antitrust regulators; Microsoft quickly sealed the acquisition after Britain’s competition authority approved a revised proposal.

    这笔交易曾遭到反垄断监管机构的抵制; 在英国竞争监管机构批准了一份修改后的提案后，微软迅速敲定了这笔收购。

    America’s Federal Trade Commission lost its attempt to block the transaction in court, but it is pressing ahead with its own legal hearing and may still challenge the deal.

    美国联邦贸易委员会试图在法庭上阻止这笔交易，但未获成功。不过，美国联邦贸易委员会正在推进自己的法律听证会，并可能会对这笔交易提出质疑。

    A net 9m new subscribers joined Netflix in the third quarter, the largest number since the pandemic, which the company attributed in part to its crackdown on sharing passwords.

    今年第三季度，网飞新增订阅用户900万，这是自疫情爆发以来的最高人数。这家公司将用户大增的部分原因归为其对共享密码的打击。

    It also raised its prices. The monthly cost in America of a premium¹² package, which includes high-res 4K streaming, is now $22.99.

    网飞还提高了价格。在美国，高级套餐(包括4K高分辨率流媒体)的月费现在是22.99美元。

    Plunging¹³ demand for covid vaccines¹⁵ continued to take its toll¹⁶ on drug companies.

    对新冠疫苗需求的骤降继续给制药公司带来损失。

    Pfizer slashed¹⁷ its forecast of revenue for the year by $9bn and will book a $5.5bn write-down in the third quarter because of the “lower-than-expected utilisation” of the shots.

    辉瑞将今年的营收预期大幅下调了90亿美元，并将在第三季度减记55亿美元，原因是疫苗的使用率“低于预期”。

    The share prices of Pfizer and BioNTech, which developed a vaccine¹⁴ with Pfizer, have fallen by more than a third since the start of the year.

    自今年年初以来，辉瑞和BioNTech(与辉瑞共同开发疫苗的公司)的股价已经下跌了三分之一以上。

    Moderna’s stock has lost half its value.

    莫迪纳的股票已经跌去一半的价值。

    Rite¹⁸ Aid, one of America’s biggest pharmacy¹⁹ chains, filed for bankruptcy²⁰ protection.

    美国最大的连锁药店之一Rite Aid申请破产保护。

    The company is struggling to cope with a huge debt pile, falling revenues and the cost of litigation associated with the opioid crisis.

    该公司现在难以应对巨额债务、营收下降以及与阿片类药物危机相关的诉讼费用。

    It has already closed some shops and will shut others.

    该公司已经关闭了一些门店，而且将会关闭其他门店。

    Around 45,000 jobs are at risk.

    大约4.5万个工作岗位面临风险。

1 earnings   

n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得

参考例句：

• That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。
• Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。

2 margin   

n.页边空白；差额；余地，余裕；边，边缘

参考例句：

• We allowed a margin of 20 minutes in catching the train.我们有20分钟的余地赶火车。
• The village is situated at the margin of a forest.村子位于森林的边缘。

3 plunged   

v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降

参考例句：

• The train derailed and plunged into the river. 火车脱轨栽进了河里。
• She lost her balance and plunged 100 feet to her death. 她没有站稳，从100英尺的高处跌下摔死了。

4 tightened   

收紧( tighten的过去式和过去分词 )； （使）变紧； （使）绷紧； 加紧

参考例句：

• The rope holding the boat suddenly tightened and broke. 系船的绳子突然绷断了。
• His index finger tightened on the trigger but then relaxed again. 他的食指扣住扳机，然后又松开了。

5 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

6 parameters   

因素，特征； 界限； （限定性的）因素( parameter的名词复数 )； 参量； 参项； 决定因素

参考例句：

• We have to work within the parameters of time. 我们的工作受时间所限。
• See parameters.cpp for a compilable example. This is part of the Spirit distribution. 可编译例子见parameters.cpp.这是Spirit分发包的组成部分。

7 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

8 prohibition   

n.禁止；禁令，禁律

参考例句：

• The prohibition against drunken driving will save many lives.禁止酒后开车将会减少许多死亡事故。
• They voted in favour of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.他们投票赞成禁止在公共场所吸烟。

9 partnership   

n.合作关系，伙伴关系

参考例句：

• The company has gone into partnership with Swiss Bank Corporation.这家公司已经和瑞士银行公司建立合作关系。
• Martin has taken him into general partnership in his company.马丁已让他成为公司的普通合伙人。

10 capabilities   

n.能力( capability的名词复数 )；可能；容量；[复数]潜在能力

参考例句：

• He was somewhat pompous and had a high opinion of his own capabilities. 他有点自大，自视甚高。 来自辞典例句
• Some programmers use tabs to break complex product capabilities into smaller chunks. 一些程序员认为，标签可以将复杂的功能分为每个窗格一组简单的功能。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

11 blizzard   

n.暴风雪

参考例句：

• The blizzard struck while we were still on the mountain.我们还在山上的时候暴风雪就袭来了。
• You'll have to stay here until the blizzard blows itself off.你得等暴风雪停了再走。

12 premium   

n.加付款；赠品；adj.高级的；售价高的

参考例句：

• You have to pay a premium for express delivery.寄快递你得付额外费用。
• Fresh water was at a premium after the reservoir was contaminated.在水库被污染之后，清水便因稀而贵了。

13 plunging   

adj.跳进的，突进的v.颠簸( plunge的现在分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降

参考例句：

• War broke out again, plunging the people into misery and suffering. 战祸复发，生灵涂炭。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• He is plunging into an abyss of despair. 他陷入了绝望的深渊。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

15 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

16 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

17 slashed   

v.挥砍( slash的过去式和过去分词 )；鞭打；割破；削减

参考例句：

• Someone had slashed the tyres on my car. 有人把我的汽车轮胎割破了。
• He slashed the bark off the tree with his knife. 他用刀把树皮从树上砍下。 来自《简明英汉词典》

18 rite   

n.典礼，惯例，习俗

参考例句：

• This festival descends from a religious rite.这个节日起源于宗教仪式。
• Most traditional societies have transition rites at puberty.大多数传统社会都为青春期的孩子举行成人礼。

19 pharmacy   

n.药房，药剂学，制药业，配药业，一批备用药品

参考例句：

• She works at the pharmacy.她在药房工作。
• Modern pharmacy has solved the problem of sleeplessness.现代制药学已经解决了失眠问题。

20 bankruptcy   

n.破产；无偿付能力

参考例句：

• You will have to pull in if you want to escape bankruptcy.如果你想避免破产，就必须节省开支。
• His firm is just on thin ice of bankruptcy.他的商号正面临破产的危险。