2023年经济学人 好坏参半的美国春假（2）

 

 

    More than 400 Miami Beach police officers are working overtime¹ to tame the crowds.

    400多名迈阿密海滩警察正在加班加点地驱赶人群。

    Resort-tax revenues do not cover the costs.

    旅游度假区的税收收入不足以弥补成本。

    The mayor, the police and the chamber² of commerce are all desperate for the spring-breakers to retreat.

    市长、警察和商会都迫切希望这些“春假”人士撤退。

    But an attempt to ban liquor sales after 2am was crushed when a nightclub sued.

    但由于一家夜总会提起诉讼，禁止凌晨2点后售酒的尝试被迫终止。

    Busting⁴ illegal Airbnbs is a game of whack-a-mole.

    打击非法爱彼迎是一场打地鼠游戏。

    And when the city withheld⁵ permits for beach parties, entrepreneurial hosts took to the sea,当该市拒绝为海滩派对发放许可证时，有创业精神的主办者们就转向了海上，selling tickets for lawless cruises.

    为无法无天的游轮售票。

    (The city swiftly put more officers on boats.)(该市迅速增派了更多警察。)

    “Every single city in Florida that has been a spring-break destination has done everything迈阿密海滩市长丹·盖尔伯说:“佛罗里达州每一个曾是春假目的地的城市it could to end its spring break,” says Miami Beach’s mayor, Dan Gelber.

    都尽了一切努力结束春假。”

    For him, it’s not working.

    对他来说，这行不通。

    Fort Lauderdale, nicknamed “Fort Liquordale” for booze-smuggling during Prohibition,劳德代尔堡，因禁酒令期间的酒走私而被戏称为“酒堡”，was the first to host a roaring spring break and the first to shut it down.

    是第一个举办热闹春假的地方，也是第一个关闭春假的地方。

    When a 1960 film brought the hedonistic escapade there to the big screen, Americans became mesmerised.

    当1960年的一部电影将那里的享乐主义冒险搬上大银幕时，美国人被迷住了。

    By the mid-1980s spring-breakers mobbed the place.

    到20世纪80年代中期，春假的人挤满了这个地方。

    Bad behaviour made residents rally.

    恶劣的行为使居民们团结起来。

    Florida raised the drinking age from 19 to 21; the city tightened⁶ open-container laws.

    佛罗里达州将饮酒年龄从19岁提高到21岁; 该市严格执行“开瓶”法。

    The numbers plunged⁷.

    饮酒人数大幅下降。

    “Back in the day it was belly-flop contests, nickel beers and hot-dog stands,”

    该市旅游局负责人斯泰西·里特说:

    says Stacy Ritter, head of the city’s tourism agency.

    “过去这里有跳水比赛、五分钱啤酒和热狗摊。”

    “These days it’s a different kind of college student, the kind that carries daddy’s American Express card.”

    “现在的大学生是其他类型的，那种带着爸爸的美国运通卡的大学生。”

    Though police expect double to triple as many students as last year,尽管警方预计学生人数将是去年的两到三倍，

    Fort Lauderdale’s spring break remains⁸ largely peaceful.

    但劳德代尔堡的春假基本保持平静。

    Farther west, city efforts have also had more of a bite.

    在更远的西部，城市的努力也产生了更大的影响。

    After students wrecked⁹ motels and trashed the waterfront of Gulf¹⁰ Shores, Alabama, in 2016,2016年，阿拉巴马州海湾海岸的汽车旅馆和海滨遭到学生们的破坏后，a ban on alcohol at the beach and a forceful crackdown sent them scurrying¹¹.

    海滩禁酒令和强力镇压令他们四处逃窜。

    “We had the gun loaded, ready to pull the trigger,” says the mayor, Robert Craft.

    市长罗伯特·克拉夫特说:“箭在弦上，准备发射。”

    Few have returned.

    几乎没人回来。

    Spring-breakers are not unwanted everywhere.

    并非所有地方都不需要春假。

    South Padre Island, off the Texas coast, spent $15,000 advertising¹² on college campuses this year.

    德克萨斯州海岸附近的南帕德雷岛今年在大学校园花了1.5万美元做广告。

    Its population more than doubles when students arrive.

    当学生到来时，它的人口增加了一倍多。

    It is easier to patrol than bigger cities,这儿比大城市更容易巡逻，

    and its proximity¹³ to the Mexican border means there is already an overload¹⁴ of officers.

    而且它靠近墨西哥边境，这意味着警察已经超负荷了。

    But if its campaign is too successful, it may want to boot the college crowd out too.

    但如果它的活动太成功，它可能也想把大学生赶出去。

    Back in Miami Beach police are afraid to lay down the law.

    在迈阿密海滩，警察不敢制定法律。

    “With social media these days, whatever we do will be wrong,” one says.

    有人说:“如今有了社交媒体，我们做什么都是错的。”

    The city is sponsoring night-time shows to tempt³ visitors away from the chaos¹⁵.

    该市正在赞助夜间表演，以吸引游客远离混乱。

    But volleyball tournaments are not what lured¹⁶ the fraternity brothers south.

    但排球比赛并不是吸引兄弟会成员南下的原因。

1 overtime   

adj.超时的，加班的；adv.加班地

参考例句：

• They are working overtime to finish the work.为了完成任务他们正在加班加点地工作。
• He was paid for the overtime he worked.他领到了加班费。

2 chamber   

n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所

参考例句：

• For many,the dentist's surgery remains a torture chamber.对许多人来说，牙医的治疗室一直是间受刑室。
• The chamber was ablaze with light.会议厅里灯火辉煌。

3 tempt   

vt.引诱，勾引，吸引，引起…的兴趣

参考例句：

• Nothing could tempt him to such a course of action.什么都不能诱使他去那样做。
• The fact that she had become wealthy did not tempt her to alter her frugal way of life.她有钱了，可这丝毫没能让她改变节俭的生活习惯。

4 busting   

打破，打碎( bust的现在分词 )； 突击搜查（或搜捕）； （使）降级，降低军阶

参考例句：

• Jim and his wife were busting up again yesterday. 吉姆和他的妻子昨天又吵架了。
• He figured she was busting his chops, but it was all true. 他以为她在捉弄他，其实完全是真的。

5 withheld   

withhold过去式及过去分词

参考例句：

• I withheld payment until they had fulfilled the contract. 他们履行合同后，我才付款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• There was no school play because the principal withheld his consent. 由于校长没同意，学校里没有举行比赛。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 tightened   

收紧( tighten的过去式和过去分词 )； （使）变紧； （使）绷紧； 加紧

参考例句：

• The rope holding the boat suddenly tightened and broke. 系船的绳子突然绷断了。
• His index finger tightened on the trigger but then relaxed again. 他的食指扣住扳机，然后又松开了。

7 plunged   

v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降

参考例句：

• The train derailed and plunged into the river. 火车脱轨栽进了河里。
• She lost her balance and plunged 100 feet to her death. 她没有站稳，从100英尺的高处跌下摔死了。

8 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

9 wrecked   

adj.失事的，遇难的

参考例句：

• the hulk of a wrecked ship 遇难轮船的残骸
• the salvage of the wrecked tanker 对失事油轮的打捞

10 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

11 scurrying   

v.急匆匆地走( scurry的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• We could hear the mice scurrying about in the walls. 我们能听见老鼠在墙里乱跑。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• We were scurrying about until the last minute before the party. 聚会开始前我们一直不停地忙忙碌碌。 来自辞典例句

12 advertising   

n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的

参考例句：

• Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
• The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。

13 proximity   

n.接近，邻近

参考例句：

• Marriages in proximity of blood are forbidden by the law.法律规定禁止近亲结婚。
• Their house is in close proximity to ours.他们的房子很接近我们的。

14 overload   

vt.使超载；n.超载

参考例句：

• Don't overload the boat or it will sink.别超载，否则船会沉。
• Large meals overload the digestive system.吃得太饱会加重消化系统的负担。

15 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。

16 lured   

吸引，引诱（lure的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• The child was lured into a car but managed to escape. 那小孩被诱骗上了车，但又设法逃掉了。
• Lured by the lust of gold,the pioneers pushed onward. 开拓者在黄金的诱惑下，继续奋力向前。