考研英语长难句讲解 第85期

 16. Yet the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda, Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterparts—a result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job.

【分析】复合句。句子主干是 the research revealed that...。that 引导宾语从句，其中名词短语 a result of the training 补充说明 the U.S. factories...Japanese counterparts，training 由 that 引导的定语从句修饰。

【译文】然而，研究表明，由田，尼桑和丰田在美国工厂的生产率达到了日本同行的95%——这归功于美国工人进行的在岗培训。

【点拨】counterpart 指“与双方地位作用相当的人（或物），对应物”。

17. More, recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate¹, non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor² productivity standards despite the complexity³ of the building industry's work.

【分析】复合句。句子主干为 the researchers discovered that...，其中 that 引导的从句作宾语。宾语从句中 despite 引出的介词短语作让步状语。句首的“while + 分词短语”结构是省略主语和系动词的状语从句 while the researchers were examining...。

【译文】最近，研究者在调查房屋建筑业时发现，尽管建筑行业的工作非常复杂，但是德克萨斯州休斯顿市的那些不识字、不会说英语的墨西哥工人却总能达到劳动生产率的最高标准。

【点拨】1) illiterate 意为“文盲的”，是 literate“有读写能力的，识字的”的反义词。2）despite 用作介词，意思是“不管，尽管”，其后跟名词（短语）。

【临摹】尽管她事业有成，但和丈夫相比总觉逊色。

语法拓展

在以 when, while, as, once, whenever 引导时间状语从句、if, unless 引导的条件状语从句、as, as if, as though 引导的方式状语从句、though, although, even if, even though 引导的让步状语从句、whenever 引导的地点状语从句中，常常省略与主句相同的主语（或作主语的代词 it）和 be 动词，剩下名词、形容词（短语）、介词短语、不定式或分词。

临摹答案

17. Despite her professional success, she is always overshadowed by her husband.

1 illiterate   

adj.文盲的；无知的；n.文盲

参考例句：

• There are still many illiterate people in our country.在我国还有许多文盲。
• I was an illiterate in the old society,but now I can read.我这个旧社会的文盲，今天也认字了。

2 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

3 complexity   

n.复杂(性)，复杂的事物

参考例句：

• Only now did he understand the full complexity of the problem.直到现在他才明白这一问题的全部复杂性。
• The complexity of the road map puzzled me.错综复杂的公路图把我搞糊涂了。