美国学生人类历史 第128期:穆罕默德(7)

 But in the year 732 (one hundred years after the death of the prophet,) they were beaten in a battle between Tours and Poitiers. 不过公元732年，就是穆罕默德逝世100年后，在图尔和普瓦捷之间发生了一场欧亚大会战，穆斯林军队被击败。

On that day, Charles Martel (Charles with the Hammer) the Frankish chieftain, saved Europe from a Mohammedan conquest. 在那一天，法兰克人的首领查理·马泰尔（绰号铁锤查理）拯救了欧洲，使基督教世界免遭穆斯林的征服。

He drove the Moslems out of France, but they maintained themselves in Spain where Abd-ar-Rahman founded the Caliphate of Cordova, which became the greatest centre of science and art of medieval Europe. 穆斯林军队被赶出了法兰西，但他们依然占据着西班牙。阿布德·艾尔·拉赫曼在此建立了科尔多瓦哈里发国，成为欧洲中世纪最伟大的科学和艺术中心。

This Moorish² kingdom, so-called because the people came from Mauretania in Morocco, lasted seven centuries. 这个穆斯林王国统治西班牙长达7个世纪，

It was only after the capture of Granada, the last Moslem¹ stronghold, in the year 1492, that Columbus received the royal grant which allowed him to go upon a voyage of discovery. 历史上也称摩尔王国，因为它的统治者来自摩洛哥的毛里塔尼亚地区。一直到穆斯林在欧洲的最后一个堡垒，格拉纳达于1492年陷落之后，哥伦布才得到西班牙皇室的 委任状，授权他进行地理大发现的历史性航行。

The Mohammedans soon regained³ their strength in the new conquests which they made in Asia and Africa and to-day there are as many followers⁴ of Mohammed as there are of Christ. 不久之后，穆斯林又积聚力量，在亚洲和非洲征服了许多土地。到今天，穆罕默德追随者的人数几乎与基督徒一样多。

1 Moslem   

n.回教徒，穆罕默德信徒；adj.回教徒的，回教的

参考例句：

• Moslem women used to veil their faces before going into public.信回教的妇女出门之前往往用面纱把脸遮起来。
• If possible every Moslem must make the pilgrimage to Mecca once in his life.如有可能，每个回教徒一生中必须去麦加朝觐一次。

2 moorish   

adj.沼地的，荒野的，生[住]在沼地的

参考例句：

• There was great excitement among the Moorish people at the waterside. 海边的摩尔人一阵轰动。 来自辞典例句
• All the doors are arched with the special arch we see in Moorish pictures. 门户造成拱形，形状独特，跟摩尔风暴画片里所见的一样。 来自辞典例句

3 regained   

复得( regain的过去式和过去分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地

参考例句：

• The majority of the people in the world have regained their liberty. 世界上大多数人已重获自由。
• She hesitated briefly but quickly regained her poise. 她犹豫片刻，但很快恢复了镇静。

4 followers   

追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件

参考例句：

• the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
• The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。