新概念英语第三册lesson 27 Nothing to sell and nothing

Lesson 27:Nothing to sell and nothing to buy
           不卖也不买
         
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
What is the most important thing for a tramp?

    It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material good in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge¹ paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely² this service. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.
    Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human being to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately³ chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully⁴ aware of the consequences. He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but his is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict⁵ other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of my even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious⁶ of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?

New words and expressions 生词和短语

     philosopher
n.   哲学家

     wisdom
n.   智慧

     priest
n.   牧师

     spiritual
adj. 精神上的

     grudge
v.   不愿给，舍不得给

     surgeon
n.   外科大夫

     passer-by
n.   过路人（复数 passers-by)

     dignity
n.   尊严

     deliberately
adv. 故意地

     consequence
n.   后果，结果

     afflict
v.   使苦恼，折磨

     ease
n.   容易

     nature
n.   大自然

     contempt
n.   蔑视的

     envious
adj. 嫉妒的    

参考译文

    据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西可以出售。
    在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西，在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。他是故意在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些羡慕呢？

新概念英语正版图书购买

 

　　自学导读
Notes on the text
课文注释
1  in the light of，依据，按照。
2  in terms of，从……方面（说来），按照。
3  grudge paying 中，grudge作“吝惜”，“不愿”解，后面要接名词或动名词。
这句话中的this service 指上文 to save our lives。
4  The conditions of society are such that…
such此处为代词，作“这样”解，that所引起的从句，可视为同位语从句。
5  be free from…，作“不受……影响”解，后面常接 pain（痛苦）， trouble（苦恼）， danger（危险）一类的词语。
6  By having to sleep in the open，由于不得不在露天过夜，这一介词短语作原因状语。
7  in times of real need，确实需要的时侯。
8  put them in the same class as begars，把他们归为乞丐一类。 the same… as…，像……一样。

　　Multiple choice questions
多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension 理解
1  It is very difficult to estimate the true value of the services people perform for us because ______ .
a．people's needs vary so much according to their circumstances
b．we refuse to admit that surgeons perform a very necessary service
c．we seldom should give everything we possess for such services
d．such services are paid for in the same way as material goods
2  In choosing to lead the life he leads, the tramp has decided⁷ ______ .
a．he will never need to ask people for anything
b．to sleep in the open in order to be closer to the world of nature
c．he would rather lead the life of a criminal than do any work
d．his freedom more than compensates⁸ for the inconveniences of such a life
3  In moments of truth we feel envious of a tramp's way of life because ______ .
a．we feel that our way of life is undignified compared to a tramp's
b．his life is not burdened with the anxieties we are often troubled by
c．of the freedom he has from the struggle to keep alive
d．we realize that it is better than having to beg for a livelihood⁹
Structure 结构
4  Yet we might grudge ______ a surgeon for offering … (1. 8)
a．a high fee we had paid
b．the high fee we would pay
c．the high fee paying
d．to pay a high fee
5  They ______ require anything from others. (11. 12-13)
a．do not have to sell anything or
b．have nothing to sell nor do they
c．have to sell nothing nor they
d．have not sold anything and do not
6  With so few material possessions, he ______ to move from … (11. 16-17)
a．may be able
b．is able
c．can
d．is possible
7  We often speak contemptuously ______ tramps and … (11. 19-20)
a．for
b．on
c．to
d．of
8  But ______ of us can honestly say … (1. 20)
a．who
b．which ones
c．how many
d．what one
Vocabulary 词汇
9  A surgeon is a man who ______ . (1. 8)
a．saves people's lives
b．gives people financial advice
c．performs operations
d．insures people's lives against sickness or death
10  ---- make it possible for him to move ______ with ease. (11. 16-17)
a．here and there
b．one way or another
c．from square to square
d．in every sense
11  He may hunt, beg or steal occasionally to ______ … (1. 18)
a．make a living
b．survive
c．be living
d．be alive
12  We often ______ tramps and put them down as beggars. (11. 20-21)
a．convict
b．blame
c．look down on
d．condemn¹⁰

　　Notes on the text
l    philosophy    哲学
├psychology心理学
├sociology社会学
├archaeology考古学
└zoology动物学
l    intelligent聪明的
>├bright伶俐的
├clever机灵的
├smart聪明的
├wisdom智慧
└discernment洞察力
l    manual体力上的
└spiritual精神上的
He grudges¹¹ paying those who help him.不愿付钱
afford付得起
┌physician内科大夫
└surgeon外科大夫
l    grown-ups
├on-lookers
├passers-by
├woman-teacher
└(women-teacher)
He came here so later on purpose.故意的
He murdered the child intentionally¹².蓄意的
┌In the light of根据
└in terms of按照…说法
in view of按…观点
considering根据    ┬n.
└that…
According to根据
Considering that you are boy, I spared you.挠了你
l    passion激情
├love
├knowledge
├thought
└wisdom
perform service for sb. (give)服务需要表演出来
There are times when…有时候
l    fee费
├prize（可抽象）high prize
├tuition学费
├expense花销
└cost成本，开支
fee parking lot收费停车场
His nature is such that we disbelieve him.就是这样
l    ending结局（故事）
├effect效果，（因）果
├result（发展的）后果
├outcome（最终的）结果
└consequence（事进展到最终）后果
Consequently,…    ┐
As a result,…    ┴结果，…
, he failed again
┌conflict→冲突
├afflict→使苦恼（精神）
├torment使痛苦（肉体上）
├torture虐待
└annoy使困扰
l    ease舒畅
├ease of mind舒畅的心情
├I’m at ease很轻松
└with ease = easily
┌be jealous of嫉妒（贬义）
├feel jealous of（同上）
└be envious of（褒）羡慕
┌green-eye嫉妒
└red-eye愤怒
l    补充习语
1. have one’s head full(脑)忙死了
I’m tied up.忙
I’m beat.累（身体）
I’m exhausted¹³.累（体力）
2. black-letter day凶日
black Friday
3. blue Monday / love
不开心的星期一/忧郁的爱
4. red-letter day大吉大利
5. gray hairs老年人
6. brown sugar红糖
brown paper牛皮纸
7. white night不眠之夜
8. white war经济上的战争
white lie善意的谎言
9. lose ground后退，撤退
10. sitcom¹⁴美国的室内情景剧
└opera戏剧
l    pay sb. ＋钱数
precisely = exactly
A is the only exception to this general rule.对…是个例外
arouse the pity of sb.引起…的同情
┌On doing一做某事…
├While doing正在做某事
└In doing在做某事过程中
┌ask sb. for sth.
└ask sb. to do sth.
I’m fully aware of the consequence.完全意识到结果
I’m free form worry.一点不担心
┌anxious焦虑的
└anxiety焦虑
from place to place从这到那
l    By doing通过做某事
By sleeping in the open, he can get closer to Nature.睡在露天
keep oneself alive让自己活下来
in times of real need真正需要的时候
┌be free from care无忧无虑的
├be freedom from care
└(n.)无忧无虑
l    文化：美国娱乐（电视）
1. Soup Opera连续剧
2. Talk Show有名主持人的节目
3. Sitcom (8-9P.M.)
Situation Comedy情景喜剧
4. Cable TV有线电视
5. Game Show智力竞赛
6. Home Shopping Club电视购物
7. TV dinner快餐食品
pop corn爆米花
8. ABC叛国广播公司
NBC国家广播公司
CBS哥伦比亚广播公司

新概念英语默写本点击购买

1 grudge   

n.不满，怨恨，妒嫉；vt.勉强给，不情愿做

参考例句：

• I grudge paying so much for such inferior goods.我不愿花这么多钱买次品。
• I do not grudge him his success.我不嫉妒他的成功。

2 precisely   

adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地

参考例句：

• It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
• The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。

3 deliberately   

adv.审慎地；蓄意地；故意地

参考例句：

• The girl gave the show away deliberately.女孩故意泄露秘密。
• They deliberately shifted off the argument.他们故意回避这个论点。

4 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

5 afflict   

vt.使身体或精神受痛苦，折磨

参考例句：

• I wish you wouldn't afflict me with your constant complains.我希望你不要总是抱怨而使我苦恼。
• There are many illnesses,which afflict old people.有许多疾病困扰着老年人。

6 envious   

adj.嫉妒的，羡慕的

参考例句：

• I don't think I'm envious of your success.我想我并不嫉妒你的成功。
• She is envious of Jane's good looks and covetous of her car.她既忌妒简的美貌又垂涎她的汽车。

7 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

8 compensates   

补偿，报酬( compensate的第三人称单数 )； 给（某人）赔偿（或赔款）

参考例句：

• The company compensates her for extra work. 公司因她的额外工作而给她报酬。
• A vertical spring compensates for the weight of the sensing element. 用一根垂直弹簧补偿敏感元件的负荷。

9 livelihood   

n.生计，谋生之道

参考例句：

• Appropriate arrangements will be made for their work and livelihood.他们的工作和生活会得到妥善安排。
• My father gained a bare livelihood of family by his own hands.父亲靠自己的双手勉强维持家计。

10 condemn   

vt.谴责，指责；宣判(罪犯)，判刑

参考例句：

• Some praise him,whereas others condemn him.有些人赞扬他，而有些人谴责他。
• We mustn't condemn him on mere suppositions.我们不可全凭臆测来指责他。

11 grudges   

不满，怨恨，妒忌( grudge的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He never grudges money. 他从不吝惜金钱。
• They bear grudges against each other. 他俩有过节儿。

12 intentionally   

ad.故意地，有意地

参考例句：

• I didn't say it intentionally. 我是无心说的。
• The local authority ruled that he had made himself intentionally homeless and was therefore not entitled to be rehoused. 当地政府裁定他是有意居无定所，因此没有资格再获得提供住房。

13 exhausted   

adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的

参考例句：

• It was a long haul home and we arrived exhausted.搬运回家的这段路程特别长，到家时我们已筋疲力尽。
• Jenny was exhausted by the hustle of city life.珍妮被城市生活的忙乱弄得筋疲力尽。

14 sitcom   

n.情景喜剧，（广播、电视的）系列幽默剧

参考例句：

• This sitcom is produced in cooperation with Hong Kong TV.这部连续剧是同香港电视台联合制作的。
• I heard that a new sitcom is coming out next season.我听说下一季会推出一个新的情境喜剧。