NPR边听边练161：加州火山

 　　以下段落是摘自新闻里的一些重要信息,并不是一个段落的听写。空内信息可在本新闻中全部找到,大家可以根据这些信息复述新闻。

　　一、泛听建议：

　　1、完整听一遍，掌握大意。

　　2、继续听，特别注意关键信息。遇到相似的词，写下来。

　　3、复述新闻。

　　Southern California is struggling with an earlier arrival of the wild fire season which usually begins in August after a long hot summer. As Danielle Karson reports, the dry conditions have kept fire fighters busy responding to almost 700 wild fires so far this year.

　　加利福尼亚州西部地区正在遭遇提前来临的山火季，通常山火季要在经历火热的夏季后于八月份开始。据丹妮尔·卡森报道，干燥的条件使消防员忙于灭火，今年已发生了近700起山林火灾。

　　Los Angeles _1_ just over five inches of rain so far this year, normally it's 14. That's left normally green hill sites brown and turn to dry. William Patzert, a climatologist with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, says the combination of dry heat and strong winds, create the ideal conditions for wild fires."When the situation is so in sandy area as we see it today, and we get a nice strong sun at there for a few days or as long as a week then we're in deep trouble."

　　今年迄今，洛杉矶的降雨量仅有5英寸多，而通常降雨量为14英寸。这使得青山地区处于暴晒中，气候变得干燥。喷气推进实验室的气候学家威廉·帕策特表示，干热气候以及强风天气为山火创造了理想的条件。“如果这样的情况出现在沙区，就像我们今天看到的这样，强烈的阳光持续几天或最多一个星期，那我们就会有大麻烦。”

　　Humans cause most wild fires which means they're preventable. So officials urge people to make sure their camp _2_ , or cigarettes are fully¹ extinguished. Meanwhile forecasters say it's _3_ southern California will get much rain before the fall. For NPR News, I'm Danielle Karson in Los Angeles.

　　山火多由人为原因引起，这意味着这些火灾可以避免。所以官员呼吁民众确保他们的营火或者香烟完全熄灭。同时，预报员表示，加州西部在秋季前不太可能迎来大量降雨。NPR新闻，丹妮尔·卡森洛杉矶报道。

　　The chairman of the House Homeland Security Committee says he _4_ the Boston Marathon bombing suspects had some training in _5_ the attack. Speaking on Fox News Sunday, representative Mike McCaul says it's too soon to rule out foreign terrorist links.

　　众议院国土安全委员会主席表示，他认为波士顿马拉松爆炸案嫌犯曾接受过实施袭击的训练。众议员迈克·麦克考尔参加《福克斯周日新闻》节目时表示，现在排除其与外国恐怖分子的联系为时过早。

　　"Right out of the box, U.S. officials anonymously² are saying there's no foreign connection to this case when in fact the FBI just began its investigation³."Officials say homemade bombs built from pressure cookers had been used by militants⁴ in Afghanistan, India and Pakistan.This is NPR News.

　　“联邦调查局刚刚开始调查时，就有美国官员匿名表示，这起袭击案与外国没有任何联系。”官员表示，由高压锅制成的自制炸弹由阿富汗、印度以及巴基斯坦的武装分子使用。这里是NPR新闻。

　　词汇解析：

　　1. extinguish vt. 熄灭（火）；消除；使破灭；偿清

　　eg. It took about 50 minutes to extinguish the fire.

　　大约花了50分钟才把火扑灭。

　　eg. The lights are extinguished as soon as the news conference is over.

　　新闻发布会一结束，灯光就熄灭了。

　　eg. The message extinguished her hopes of Richard's return.

　　那条消息使她对理查德归来的希望彻底破灭。

　　2. rule out 排除；不予考虑；阻止…发生；使…成为不可能

　　eg. The Prime Minister is believed to have ruled out cuts in child benefit or pensions.

　　据信首相已经排除了削减儿童救济金或养老金的可能。

　　eg. Local detectives have ruled out foul⁵ play.

　　当地的侦探已经排除了他杀的可能性。

　　eg. A serious car accident in 1986 ruled out a permanent future for him in farming.

　　1986年一场严重的车祸让他永远不可能再务农了。

　　参考答案：

　　1、has seen 2、fires 3、unlikely

　　4、believes 5、carrying out

1 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

2 anonymously   

ad.用匿名的方式

参考例句：

• The manuscripts were submitted anonymously. 原稿是匿名送交的。
• Methods A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey 536 teachers anonymously. 方法采用自编“中小学教师职业压力问卷”对536名中小学教师进行无记名调查。

3 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

4 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

5 foul   

adj.污秽的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；妨害；犯规；n.犯规

参考例句：

• Take off those foul clothes and let me wash them.脱下那些脏衣服让我洗一洗。
• What a foul day it is!多么恶劣的天气！