纽约时报 最高法院就免费避孕保险做出最新裁定(1)

Court, 7-2, Allows Religious Opt-Out on Birth Control.

最高法院票选结果7:2，支持用人单位因为宗教不予提供免费避孕保险

By Adam Liptak

文/亚当·利普塔克

The Supreme¹ Court on Wednesday upheld a Trump² administration regulation

周三，最高法院裁定维持特朗普政府有关用人单位需提供免费避孕保险的规定，

that lets employers with religious or moral objections limit women's access to birth control coverage³ under the Affordable⁴ Care Act

若用人单位对《平价医疗法案》向用人单位提出的这一要求持宗教或道德异议，可选择不提供这一福利，

and could result in as many as 126,000 women losing contraceptive coverage from their employers.

不过，这样一来，就会有多达12.6万名女性失去这一福利。

The 7-to-2 decision was the latest turn in seven years of fierce litigation over the "contraception mandate,"

“避孕强制令”堪称奥巴马政府的一项标志性倡议，也是特朗普政府一直试图干涉的一项倡议。

a signature initiative of the Obama administration that required most employers to provide cost-free coverage for contraception

该强制令规定，大部分用人单位都应为女性员工免费提供避孕保险。

and that the Trump administration has sought to limit.

七年来，最高法院就“避孕强制令”展开了激烈的法律争执，此次7:2的票选结果算是最新的反转。

In a second major decision on religious rights on Wednesday,

周三，最高法院就宗教权利还做出了另一项重大决定。

the court ruled by another 7-to-2 vote that employment discrimination laws did not apply to teachers in religious schools.

法院再次以7比2的投票结果裁定，（反）就业歧视法不适用于宗教学校的教师。

Last week, by a 5-to-4 vote, it said state programs that provide scholarships to students in private schools may not exclude religious schools.

上周，最高法院以5:4的投票结果裁定，为私立学校学生提供奖学金的州立项目可不排除宗教学校。

The three decisions were part of a broad examination of the relationship between church and state

小约翰·G·罗伯茨就任最高法院首席大法官的15年来，作为最高法院多数派的保守派几乎总是选择了和宗教团体站在一起，

over the 15-year tenure⁵ of Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr.

这一次，最高法院对其任期内教会与国家的关系进行了一次广泛的清查，

in which the court's conservative majority has almost always sided with religious groups.

上述三个决定只是清查工作的冰山一角。

Many religious groups praised the contraception decision.

不少宗教团体对最高法院此次的避孕福利决定都持赞扬态度。

"The government has no business forcing pro-life and religious organizations to provide drugs and devices that can destroy life,"

“政府无权强迫反堕胎的宗教组织提供可能摧毁生命的药物或工具，”

John Bursch, a lawyer with Alliance Defending Freedom, said in a statement.

捍卫自由联盟的律师约翰·伯奇在一份声明中说道。

Organizations seeking to protect access to birth control and abortion⁶ denounced the ruling as an assault on women

支持避孕及堕胎权利的组织则对这项裁决发出了谴责，声称这一裁决是在攻击女性，

that, as NARAL Pro-Choice America said on Twitter, "gave the Trump administration a green light to attack our birth control coverage."

用美国支持堕胎权组织推文中的话说就是“给特朗普特征开通了攻击免费避孕保险的绿灯”。

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 coverage   

n.报导，保险范围，保险额，范围，覆盖

参考例句：

• There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
• This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。

4 affordable   

adj.支付得起的，不太昂贵的

参考例句：

• The rent for the four-roomed house is affordable.四居室房屋的房租付得起。
• There are few affordable apartments in big cities.在大城市中没有几所公寓是便宜的。

5 tenure   

n.终身职位；任期；(土地)保有权，保有期

参考例句：

• He remained popular throughout his tenure of the office of mayor.他在担任市长的整个任期内都深得民心。
• Land tenure is a leading political issue in many parts of the world.土地的保有权在世界很多地区是主要的政治问题。

6 abortion   

n.流产，堕胎

参考例句：

• She had an abortion at the women's health clinic.她在妇女保健医院做了流产手术。
• A number of considerations have led her to have a wilful abortion.多种考虑使她执意堕胎。