世界节假日博览 第132期:世界肝炎日

 　　World Hepatitis Day is observed on May the 19th. It aims to increase awareness¹ worldwide of the diseases hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Its hope is to encourage the prevention and diagnosis² of these two diseases, and increase the number of people who receive treatment. The day is organized by the World Hepatitis Alliance. This is a group that consists of over 200 different patients’ groups around the world. It represents around 500 million people globally who suffer from hepatitis. Its aim is to provide global leadership and support to halt the death toll³ and improve the lives of people living with hepatitis B and C. Its ultimate goal is “to work with governments to eradicate⁴ these diseases from the planet”.

　　5月19日为世界肝炎日。目的在于提高全球对乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎的认识程度。加强对这两种肝炎的预防和诊断，增加治疗人数。该节日由世界肝炎联盟主办。它由全球200多个肝炎患者群体组成，代表了全球5亿多患者的心声。它的目的旨在发挥领导和支持作用，减少肝炎死亡人数，提高乙肝和丙肝患者的生活质量。它的最终目标是和政府一道让肝炎在地球上灭绝。

　　Hepatitis is a disease that causes injury to the liver and can result in death. The disease causes tissue in the liver to become inflamed⁵. Most cases of hepatitis are caused by a group of viruses. In other cases, things like alcohol or infections can cause the disease. The disease can make it impossible for the liver to function properly. This means the liver will not be able to remove harmful substances from our body, or make sure our blood is healthy. Symptoms include tiredness, muscle and joint⁶ aches, fever, vomiting⁷, diarrhea, and headache. In serious cases, people lose their appetite, lose weight and have severe stomach pain. There is a vaccine⁸ against hepatitis B but scientists are still working on one for hepatitis C.

　　乙肝为肝脏性疾病，且可致人死亡。乙肝导致肝脏组织发炎。多数乙肝由病毒引起。如饮酒或感染也会导致肝炎。肝脏会因此而无法正常运行。肝脏无法将有害物质排除体外，或保证血液健康。症状包括疲倦、肌肉和关节疼痛、发烧、呕吐、腹泻以及头疼。严重情况会失去食欲，体重减轻以及严重的胃疼。人类发明了乙肝疫苗，目前还在研制丙肝疫苗。

 

1 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

2 diagnosis   

n.诊断，诊断结果，调查分析，判断

参考例句：

• His symptoms gave no obvious pointer to a possible diagnosis.他的症状无法作出明确的诊断。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做一次彻底的调查分析。

3 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

4 eradicate   

v.根除，消灭，杜绝

参考例句：

• These insects are very difficult to eradicate.这些昆虫很难根除。
• They are already battling to eradicate illnesses such as malaria and tetanus.他们已经在努力消灭疟疾、破伤风等疾病。

5 inflamed   

adj.发炎的，红肿的v.（使）变红，发怒，过热( inflame的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• His comments have inflamed teachers all over the country. 他的评论激怒了全国教师。
• Her joints are severely inflamed. 她的关节严重发炎。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

7 vomiting   

吐

参考例句：

• Symptoms include diarrhoea and vomiting. 症状有腹泻和呕吐。
• Especially when I feel seasick, I can't stand watching someone else vomiting." 尤其晕船的时候，看不得人家呕。”

8 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。