舌尖上的中国第1季 第67期:厨房的秘密(8)

 In Chinese kitchens, "steaming" is more frequently used to make staple¹ foods than dishes. 中国人的厨房里，除了制作菜肴“蒸”更多用于主食。

Baozi is one kind of Chinese staple. 包子就是其中一种。

It's a kind of dumpling stuffed with various ingredients. 用面皮裹上各种馅料。

The stuffing should be properly steamed, and at the same time, the wrapping should not collapse². 在蒸熟内部的同时保证表皮的完美。

Yangzhou is the birthplace of Huaiyang Cuisine³, one of the most important regional cuisines⁴. 作为中国最重要的菜系淮扬菜的发源地。

Yangzhou Baozi is delicate, delicious and juicy. 扬州包子，精致可口，汤汁饱满。

If it's the first time you try Yangzhou Baozi, you'd better be careful with its juicy filling. 第一次品尝的人也许会吃得很狼狈。

25 years after his departure, 72-year-old Ju Changlong returned to Yangzhou from Japan. 离开故乡25年后，72岁的居长龙从日本回到扬州。

Now he is back in the familiar Ye Chun Teahouse, enjoying a cup of tea, with some old friends. 回到熟悉的冶春茶社（居长龙）和老友一起再次品味熟悉的味道。

During the morning tea time, besides Baozi, there must be a plate of Boiled Bean Curd⁵ Shreds⁶ on the table. 早茶桌上除了包子之外一定会有大烫干丝。

Despite its ordinary appearance, the dish is in fact a quite demanding one, as a representative of Huaiyang Cuisine. 这道淮扬看家菜看似平常却对厨师有严苛的要求。

Here, we shall see another secret in Chinese kitchens, and that is the control of knives. 这里，中国厨房的另一大秘密刀工的作用首当其冲。

Tofu has developed a variety of forms since it was invented by the Chinese 2000 years ago. 自从两千年前中国人发明豆腐它就有了诸多变种。

White bean curds⁸ of high quality are fine and solid, and not vulnerable. 上乘的白干，细腻紧实，不易断。

But even so, it is by no means easy to cut a piece of white bean curd into hundreds of shreds. 但即使是这样想要把一块白干切成几百根干丝也绝非易事。

The knife control is important, but not the most. 刀法是第二位的。

Something more crucial is the control of heart. 更为重要的，是内心的平静。

If you cut your finger, it's nothing unusual. （手指）这个地方皮削到了这是常有的事情。

Every apprentice⁹ does when he tries to use a knife for the first time. （对于）学徒是常事因为没用过刀嘛。

The hundreds of bean curd shreds are now stretching themselves out in the water, 千百根干丝直到浸入水中才真正散开褪去自身的些微生苦，

shaking off some of the bitterness and getting ready to be wrapped by the fine tastes of chicken broth¹⁰ and various fresh ingredients. 准备迎接各种鲜味的包裹清鸡汤，各种鲜味配菜。

Each shred⁷ absorbs characteristics of all the materials and becomes a vessel¹¹ of nutrition and wonderful tastes. 多管齐下，使得每一根干丝都成了营养和极致鲜味的载体。

1 staple   

n.主要产物，常用品，主要要素，原料，订书钉，钩环；adj.主要的，重要的；vt.分类

参考例句：

• Tea is the staple crop here.本地产品以茶叶为大宗。
• Potatoes are the staple of their diet.土豆是他们的主要食品。

2 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

3 cuisine   

n.烹调，烹饪法

参考例句：

• This book is the definitive guide to world cuisine.这本书是世界美食的权威指南。
• This restaurant is renowned for its cuisine.这家餐馆以其精美的饭菜而闻名。

4 cuisines   

n.烹饪( cuisine的名词复数 )；菜肴；（通常指昂贵的饭店中的）饭菜；烹饪艺术

参考例句：

• Could you tell me the different features of these cuisines? 能不能告诉我这些不同的烹调流派各自有哪些特点？ 来自地道口语脱口SHOW 高中超越版
• Ice sculptures are used as decorations in some cuisines, especially in Asia. 冰雕在某些菜肴中被当作装饰品，尤其在亚洲。 来自互联网

5 curd   

n.凝乳；凝乳状物

参考例句：

• I'd like to add some pepper to the bean curd.我想在豆腐里加一点辣椒粉。
• The next one is bean curd with crab roe.下一个是蟹黄豆腐。

6 shreds   

v.撕碎，切碎( shred的第三人称单数 )；用撕毁机撕毁（文件）

参考例句：

• Peel the carrots and cut them into shreds. 将胡罗卜削皮，切成丝。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I want to take this diary and rip it into shreds. 我真想一赌气扯了这日记。 来自汉英文学 - 中国现代小说

7 shred   

v.撕成碎片，变成碎片；n.碎布条，细片，些少

参考例句：

• There is not a shred of truth in what he says.他说的全是骗人的鬼话。
• The food processor can shred all kinds of vegetables.这架食品加工机可将各种蔬菜切丝切条。

8 curds   

n.凝乳( curd的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Little miss muffet sat on a tuffet eating some curds and whey. 小玛菲特小姐坐在垫子上，吃着凝乳和乳清。 来自互联网
• The curds contain casein, fat and minerals. 凝乳中有酪蛋白、脂肪、矿物质。 来自互联网

9 apprentice   

n.学徒，徒弟

参考例句：

• My son is an apprentice in a furniture maker's workshop.我的儿子在一家家具厂做学徒。
• The apprentice is not yet out of his time.这徒工还没有出徒。

10 broth   

n.原(汁)汤(鱼汤、肉汤、菜汤等)

参考例句：

• Every cook praises his own broth.厨子总是称赞自己做的汤。
• Just a bit of a mouse's dropping will spoil a whole saucepan of broth.一粒老鼠屎败坏一锅汤。

11 vessel   

n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管

参考例句：

• The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
• You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。