舌尖上的中国第1季 第68期:厨房的秘密(9)

 Around 1000 years ago, coal became widely used as cooking fuel, 1000年前，煤作为厨房燃料开始兴起，

but it is from the age of firewood when Chinese cooks developed the habit of valuing heat, 但从木柴时代起中国的厨师就养成了珍惜热量的习惯，

which requires cooks to cut the food into proper forms according to the way they are cooked. 这就要求厨师将食材料理成恰当的形状以配合不同的制作方法。

Western cooks cut the food into different forms with various cutting tools, while the Chinese do their various cuttings with only one tool. 西餐的厨师每个动作都有相应的刀具中餐的厨师手中的一把刀却能行出无数刀法。

Sunflower Chopped Pork. 这道葵花大斩肉。

The pork is sliced, using the most commonly-used skill, plane cutting. 运的是最常用的“平刀法”。

It is commonly known as Yangzhou Style Braised Meatball. 葵花大斩肉就是俗称的“狮子头”。

To achieve a super-spongy taste, the streaky pork is sliced, shredded¹ and diced² into the size of a pomegranate seed. 为了取得极致的松软口感，厨师将五花肉细细地切成石榴子大小的颗粒。

They do so because properly diced meat would be easy to roll into a ball, and unlikely to collapse³. 肉粒正是由于大小适宜很容易在厨师的双手中抱团，上劲儿。

The meatballs are then put into chicken broth⁴ prepared beforehand and stewed⁵ for nearly 2 hours during which, the meatballs must not fall apart. 在事先吊好的鸡汤里小火慢炖将近两个小时依然保持完整的形状。

But after this, there is still more to be done. 这并不是结束。

When the meatballs fully⁶ absorb the essence of the chicken broth, remove any grease on the surface, and put them into a fresh pot of chicken soup. 在溶合了猪肉和鸡汤的鲜美滋味后撇去浮油，放入另一锅鸡汤。

This is the last step of making Yangzhou Style Braised Meatballs. 一道清炖狮子头才算完成。

Every time he returns, Ju Changlong likes to visit the places he's been as a young man. 每次回乡，居长龙总要到年轻时熟悉的地方走走。

25 years, it seems to be no more than a blink of an eye in the history of a city, but long enough for a person to develop a deep nostalgia⁷. 二十五年，相比一个城市的兴衰流转显得短暂，但对一个人来说却足以酿出浓厚的乡情。

1 shredded   

shred的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• Serve the fish on a bed of shredded lettuce. 先铺一层碎生菜叶，再把鱼放上，就可以上桌了。
• I think Mapo beancurd and shredded meat in chilli sauce are quite special. 我觉得麻婆豆腐和鱼香肉丝味道不错。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 diced   

v.将…切成小方块，切成丁( dice的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The meat should be finely diced for this dish. 做这种菜肴肉必须细细切成小方块。 来自辞典例句
• Arther diced himself into debt. 亚瑟因掷骰子而负了债。 来自辞典例句

3 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

4 broth   

n.原(汁)汤(鱼汤、肉汤、菜汤等)

参考例句：

• Every cook praises his own broth.厨子总是称赞自己做的汤。
• Just a bit of a mouse's dropping will spoil a whole saucepan of broth.一粒老鼠屎败坏一锅汤。

5 stewed   

adj.焦虑不安的，烂醉的v.炖( stew的过去式和过去分词 )；煨；思考；担忧

参考例句：

• When all birds are shot, the bow will be set aside;when all hares are killed, the hounds will be stewed and eaten -- kick out sb. after his services are no longer needed. 鸟尽弓藏，兔死狗烹。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• \"How can we cook in a pan that's stewed your stinking stockings? “染臭袜子的锅，还能煮鸡子吃！还要它？” 来自汉英文学 - 中国现代小说

6 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

7 nostalgia   

n.怀乡病，留恋过去，怀旧

参考例句：

• He might be influenced by nostalgia for his happy youth.也许是对年轻时幸福时光的怀恋影响了他。
• I was filled with nostalgia by hearing my favourite old song.我听到这首喜爱的旧歌，心中充满了怀旧之情。