听播客学英语 53 Running out of things!

 　　Today, we are going to run out of things.

　　“To run out of” something is a phrasal verb¹. It is one of the hundreds of phrasal verbs² in English, and I know you love phrasal verbs! Like most of the other English phrasal verbs, there is no easy way to remember what “to run out of” means³. You just have to learn!

　　Of course, sometimes when we say “run out of” we mean the words literally⁴. For example, at the end of the school day, the children run out of school. They, literally, run out of the school gates. It is freedom time – no more school, time to go home to have something to eat, time to watch television, time to go to the park to play football. The children run out of school.

　　But imagine this situation. Every morning at about this time I make myself a cup of coffee, and I have a biscuit with my coffee. But today, I cannot find any biscuits. The biscuit tin is empty. I have eaten all the biscuits (or my children have eaten them, perhaps.) There are no biscuits left. I have run out of biscuits.

　　Kevin and Joanne are going to the supermarket. Kevin is writing a shopping list, and Joanne is telling him what they need to buy. “We have run out of sugar,” says Joanne. “And we have nearly run out of eggs,” she adds, looking in the fridge, “yes, there is only one egg left. And butter, we have used up all the butter which I bought on Wednesday.”

　　Kevin writes “sugar, eggs, butter” on the list. But he has thought of something much more important. “Pizza,” he says. “We have no pizza left. And beer. We have run out of beer.”

　　At the supermarket, Kevin and Joanne push the shopping trolley⁵ along the aisles⁶, and find all the things on their shopping list. Except the apples – there are no apples in the shop. The shop assistant says, “Sorry, we ran out of apples yesterday. There will be a new delivery⁷ this afternoon.”

　　At the checkout⁸, Joanne pays for the shopping with her debit⁹ card. Then she remembers that she has run out of cash – she has no coins or banknotes in her purse. She asks the assistant at the checkout for ?20 cashback – that means, the assistant adds ?20 to the bill which Joanne pays with her debit card, and then gives Joanne two ?10 notes.

　　On the way home, Kevin and Joanne stop at the DIY shop. Kevin is painting the bathroom, and he has run out of paint.

　　Then, disaster! Kevin returns to the car with the can of paint and tries to start the car engine. The engine will not start. “Look at the fuel gauge,” says Joanne, “the car has run out of petrol.”

　　So Joanne goes and sits in a cafe with a nice cup of hot chocolate and a newspaper, while Kevin walks a kilometer to the nearest petrol station. After about 30 minutes, he returns with a can of petrol. He puts the petrol in the car, and the engine starts.

　　“Can we stop at the Post Office on the way home”, says Joanne. “I have run out of stamps for the Christmas cards.” But it is getting late, and Joanne’s mother is coming to lunch. They have run out of time. The stamps for the Christmas cards will have to wait until tomorrow.

1 verb   

n.[语]动词

参考例句：

• The sentence is formed from a verb and two nouns.这句子由一个动词和两个名词构成。
• These are the finite forms of a verb.这些是一个动词的限定形式。

2 verbs   

动词

参考例句：

• I have to swot up on phrasal verbs for a test tomorrow. 我不得不为明天的测验努力温习短语动词。
• Verbs that do not take object are called intransitive verbs. 不带宾语的动词称为不及物动词。

3 means   

n.方法，手段，折中点，物质财富

参考例句：

• That man used artful means to find out secrets.那人使用狡猾的手段获取机密。
• We must get it done by some means or other.我们总得想办法把它干完。

4 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。

5 trolley   

n.手推车，台车；无轨电车；有轨电车

参考例句：

• The waiter had brought the sweet trolley.侍者已经推来了甜食推车。
• In a library,books are moved on a trolley.在图书馆，书籍是放在台车上搬动的。

6 aisles   

n. (席位间的)通道, 侧廊

参考例句：

• Aisles were added to the original Saxon building in the Norman period. 在诺曼时期，原来的萨克森风格的建筑物都增添了走廊。
• They walked about the Abbey aisles, and presently sat down. 他们走到大教堂的走廊附近，并且很快就坐了下来。

7 delivery   

n.交付；投递；分娩；解救者；演讲的风格

参考例句：

• The strike caused a great delay in the delivery of the mail.这次罢工严重地延误了邮件的投递。
• He was employed at the local grocery store as a delivery boy.他受雇于当地杂货店当送货员。

8 checkout   

n.（超市等）收银台，付款处

参考例句：

• Could you pay at the checkout.你能在结帐处付款吗。
• A man was wheeling his shopping trolley to the checkout.一个男人正推着购物车向付款台走去。

9 debit   

n.借方，借项，记人借方的款项

参考例句：

• To whom shall I debit this sum?此款应记入谁的账户的借方？
• We undercharge Mr.Smith and have to send him a debit note for the extra amount.我们少收了史密斯先生的钱，只得给他寄去一张借条所要欠款。