听力文摘：哭的时候为什么会流鼻涕

When you burst out crying, you expect the bleary red eyes and the rivers of tears that stream down your cheeks. But on top of all that, your nose starts to run like a faucet¹. Why does this happen? What’s the connection between crying and a runny nose?

当你放声大哭时，朦胧的红眼睛以及泉涌般的泪水沿着面颊滑落是预料之中的事。除此之外，你会开始流鼻涕。为什么会出现这种情况？哭和流鼻涕之间又有什么联系呢？

Where Do Tears Come From?

眼泪从何而来？

Tears come from tear glands² located just over the eye, behind the bone. As tears rinse³ down over your eye, they collect at the rims⁴ of your lower eyelids⁶, where some may overflow⁷ and stream down your cheeks.

眼泪是由位于眼骨后的泪腺分泌的。当泪水被分泌出，他们便贮藏在下眼睑边缘，一部分眼泪溢出眼睛沿脸颊流下。

But that’s not the only escape route for overflowing⁸ tears. If you look very closely at the inside of your eyelid⁵, right near your nose, you’ll see a tiny little hole. You might need to gently pull your eyelid down to see it, because it’s on the inner edge of the eyelid, resting against the eye.

但那并不是眼泪流出来的唯一路径。如果你仔细观察眼睑内侧靠近鼻子的地方，你会看到一个极其微小的洞。你可能需要轻拉眼睑才能看到这个小洞，因为它位于靠近眼睛的眼睑内侧。

River Tears

泪流成河

These little holes, on the upper and lower eyelids of both eyes, serve as drains and lead into canals that run through grooves⁹ in the bones of the face and eventually empty into the nose. Even when you’re not crying, some of the normal, everyday tears that moisten and clean your eyes drain out through this secret passageway into the nose, but it’s such a small amount that you don’t notice it.

这些小洞位于双眼的上下眼睑，它们发挥着排水管的作用，引导泪水沿着脸骨的凹槽流下并最终流入鼻子。即使你不哭的时候，每天也会有一些正常产生的、用以湿润和清洁眼睛的眼泪通过这个秘密通道流到鼻子里，只不过它们数量太少你察觉不到而已。

When the tears really start to gush¹⁰, however, this unnoticeable trickle¹¹ turns into a river. As the tears make their way down through the nose, they moisten and loosen other secretions¹² on the way. And that’s when you reach for a tissue!

当眼泪喷涌而出的时候，这些平时察觉不到的小泪滴便汇流成河。在泪水流入鼻子的同时，它们在沿途还起到湿润和疏松其它分泌物的作用，这时候，你就需要纸巾擦拭了。

1 faucet   

n.水龙头

参考例句：

• The faucet has developed a drip.那个水龙头已经开始滴水了。
• She turned off the faucet and dried her hands.她关掉水龙头，把手擦干。

2 glands   

n.腺( gland的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a snake's poison glands 蛇的毒腺
• the sebaceous glands in the skin 皮脂腺

3 rinse   

v.用清水漂洗，用清水冲洗

参考例句：

• Give the cup a rinse.冲洗一下杯子。
• Don't just rinse the bottles. Wash them out carefully.别只涮涮瓶子，要仔细地洗洗里面。

4 rims   

n.（圆形物体的）边( rim的名词复数 )；缘；轮辋；轮圈

参考例句：

• As she spoke, the rims of her eyes reddened a little. 说时，眼圈微红。 来自汉英文学 - 围城
• Her eyes were a little hollow, and reddish about the rims. 她的眼睛微微凹陷，眼眶有些发红。 来自辞典例句

5 eyelid   

n.眼睑，眼皮

参考例句：

• She lifted one eyelid to see what he was doing.她抬起一只眼皮看看他在做什么。
• My eyelid has been tumid since yesterday.从昨天起，我的眼皮就肿了。

6 eyelids   

n.眼睑( eyelid的名词复数 )；眼睛也不眨一下；不露声色；面不改色

参考例句：

• She was so tired, her eyelids were beginning to droop. 她太疲倦了，眼睑开始往下垂。
• Her eyelids drooped as if she were on the verge of sleep. 她眼睑低垂好像快要睡着的样子。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 overflow   

v.(使)外溢，(使)溢出；溢出，流出，漫出

参考例句：

• The overflow from the bath ran on to the floor.浴缸里的水溢到了地板上。
• After a long period of rain,the river may overflow its banks.长时间的下雨天后，河水可能溢出岸来。

8 overflowing   

n. 溢出物,溢流 adj. 充沛的，充满的 动词overflow的现在分词形式

参考例句：

• The stands were overflowing with farm and sideline products. 集市上农副产品非常丰富。
• The milk is overflowing. 牛奶溢出来了。

9 grooves   

n.沟( groove的名词复数 )；槽；老一套；（某种）音乐节奏v.沟( groove的第三人称单数 )；槽；老一套；（某种）音乐节奏

参考例句：

• Wheels leave grooves in a dirt road. 车轮在泥路上留下了凹痕。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Sliding doors move in grooves. 滑动门在槽沟中移动。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

10 gush   

v.喷，涌；滔滔不绝(说话)；n.喷，涌流；迸发

参考例句：

• There was a gush of blood from the wound.血从伤口流出。
• There was a gush of blood as the arrow was pulled out from the arm.当从手臂上拔出箭来时，一股鲜血涌了出来。

11 trickle   

vi.淌，滴，流出，慢慢移动，逐渐消散

参考例句：

• The stream has thinned down to a mere trickle.这条小河变成细流了。
• The flood of cars has now slowed to a trickle.汹涌的车流现在已经变得稀稀拉拉。

12 secretions   

n.分泌（物）( secretion的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Lysozyme is an enzyme found in egg white, tears, and other secretions. 溶菌酶是存在于卵白、泪和其他分泌物中的一种酶。 来自辞典例句
• Chest percussion and vibration are used with postural drainage to help dislodge secretions. 在做体位引流时要敲击和振动胸部帮助分泌物松动排出。 来自辞典例句