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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Ants have an amazing ability to communicate with each other and work together to accomplish complex tasks.
Their specialized1 behavior due to chemical communication is so well developed, in fact, that humans can learn a lot from them about how best to work in teams.
British scientists at the University of Bristol are studying colonies of army ants to understand how they organize themselves and share knowledge. These insects--which come in various sizes--are known for using their bodies as living plugs to cover potholes2 on the rough terrain3 between their nest and their prey4. When they encounter a hole in their path, they quickly determine which of them is the best fit. The appropriate ant then lies across the gap, allowing the remainder of the group--as many as 200,000 other ants--to step on its back. This important minority of ants optimizes5 the food collection of the entire colony by literally6 "paving the way" for the others.
The collective behavior that emerges from a group of social insects, such as ants, can be called "swarm7 intelligence". Swarm intelligence consists of the self-organization of many individuals that work collectively to find the best solution for a difficult problem.
The concepts of swarm intelligence have been used in a variety of human applications. "Ant colony optimization8" has been mimicked9 as a routing method that improves the efficiency of cargo10 transfers on airplanes, and has even become a routing technique for moving data across telecommunications networks more smoothly11. I guess you could say that our daily lives benefit from the tireless work of ants
1 specialized | |
adj.专门的,专业化的 | |
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2 potholes | |
n.壶穴( pothole的名词复数 ) | |
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3 terrain | |
n.地面,地形,地图 | |
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4 prey | |
n.被掠食者,牺牲者,掠食;v.捕食,掠夺,折磨 | |
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5 optimizes | |
v.使最优化,使尽可能有效( optimize的第三人称单数 ) | |
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6 literally | |
adv.照字面意义,逐字地;确实 | |
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7 swarm | |
n.(昆虫)等一大群;vi.成群飞舞;蜂拥而入 | |
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8 optimization | |
n.最佳化,最优化;优选法;优化组合 | |
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9 mimicked | |
v.(尤指为了逗乐而)模仿( mimic的过去式和过去分词 );酷似 | |
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10 cargo | |
n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物 | |
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11 smoothly | |
adv.平滑地,顺利地,流利地,流畅地 | |
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