新托福听写训练 第20期

Listen to part of a lecture in a geology class.

Most of you are probably familiar with the flow of lava¹

that can result from a volcano eruption². Lava actually being a mixture of magma and convince to be produced underground. And many people think this eruption refers to only to an explosion. But in geology, an eruption is any release of magma. This can and often does common the form of the explosion, but sometimes the magma just blows over the mouth of volcano. In any event, let's take a look now at some of the other hazards caused by volcano events. Pyroclastics is the word used to describe fragmentary rocks rejected during the volcanic³ eruption. A Pyroclastics fall is the combination of rock fragments and fluid fire lava that build in the air. This project tiles can be just tiny piece of ash or they can be rock fragments that are typically the size of baseball or volleyball. Although some can be so enormous they weigh many tons, the most dangerous of all volcanic events is what we call a pyroclastics flow, in this explosion, there are a

tremendous released of pressure, and these result in avalanche⁴ of supper heated mixture of gas and rock. This glowing avalanche as it called can reach the temperature of 1000 degree centigrade and can travel as far as 600 kilometers in an hour. It can literally⁵ destroy everything as it passed. And that's what happened Mount Pelee erupted on Martinique island in 1902, within minutes after the volcano erupted, the town of saint Pierre was completely wiped out.

1 lava   

n.熔岩，火山岩

参考例句：

• The lava flowed down the sides of the volcano.熔岩沿火山坡面涌流而下。
• His anger spilled out like lava.他的愤怒像火山爆发似的迸发出来。

2 eruption   

n.火山爆发；（战争等）爆发；（疾病等）发作

参考例句：

• The temple was destroyed in the violent eruption of 1470 BC.庙宇在公元前1470年猛烈的火山爆发中摧毁了。
• The eruption of a volcano is spontaneous.火山的爆发是自发的。

3 volcanic   

adj.火山的；象火山的；由火山引起的

参考例句：

• There have been several volcanic eruptions this year.今年火山爆发了好几次。
• Volcanic activity has created thermal springs and boiling mud pools.火山活动产生了温泉和沸腾的泥浆池。

4 avalanche   

n.雪崩，大量涌来

参考例句：

• They were killed by an avalanche in the Swiss Alps.他们在瑞士阿尔卑斯山的一次雪崩中罹难。
• Higher still the snow was ready to avalanche.在更高处积雪随时都会崩塌。

5 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。