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Hello and Welcome to News and Reports on China Radio International.
In This Edition
The United Nations is set to end its monitoring mission in Syria on Sunday, just days before its mandate1 expires.
Brittain says it will not allow safe passage out of the country for Wikileaks founder2 Julian Assange, who has been taking refuge in the Ecuadorean embassy.
Chinese Premier3 Wen Jiabao meets visiting Costa Rican President Laura Chinchilla Miranda over bilateral4 ties.
Hot Issue Reports
UN Syria mission to end
The United Nations is due to end its monitoring mission in Syria on Sunday, just days before its mandate expires.
A 30-person strong civilian6 office is going to be set up in Damascus to maintain political contact with Syria.
Edmond Mulet is the UN Assistant Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations:
"The Security Council has established two conditions in order to extent or not the presence of UNSMIS in Syria. Those two conditions were the cessation of the use of heavy weapons and the reduction in violence from all sides. So, in my briefing today to the council on behalf of the Secretary-General, I informed the council that those two have not been achieved. So the mission will come to an end at midnight on Sunday."
The UN mission, which was set up in April, has been part of Kofi Annan's 6-point peace plan.
The continued violence in Syria has made the mission increasingly difficult.
Meantime, UN officials are expressing hope that veteran envoy7 al-Akhdar al-Ibrahimi, who has previously8 served in Afghanistan and Iraq, will take over as the international mediator9 to replace Kofi Annan who resigned two weeks ago.
Ecuador's decision to grant asylum to Wikileaks founder Julian Assange has angered Britain.
British Foreign Secretary William Hague says London will not be allowing Assange safe passage out of the country:
"We're disappointed by the statement by Ecuador's Foreign Minister today that Ecuador has offered political asylum to Julian Assange. It's important to understand that this is not about Mr Assange's attitudes at WikiLeaks or the attitude of the United States of America. He is wanted in Sweden to answer allegations of serious sexual offences. We are determined11 to fulfill12 our legal obligations under the extradition13 act to Sweden."
Ecuador's Foreign Minister Ricardo Patino says his country fears for the safety of Assange.
Meanwhile, the Organization of American States met yesterday to discuss the dispute between Ecuador and the United Kingdom.
Ecuadorian Ambassador to the O-A-S Maria Isabel Salvador:
"The Ecuadorian government today wishes to file on record before this Inter-American organization that the United Kingdom's attitude violates the norms of international law, every state ought to resolve their differences by going through the channels of conflict resolution as prescribed in international law."
Assange took refuge in the Ecuadorean embassy in June to avoid extradition to Sweden.
Earlier, Britain had threatened to raid the Ecuadorian embassy to arrest Assange and extradite him to Sweden.
Assange's defence team is vowing14 to take the case to the International Court of Justice if Britain doesn't let him go.
Chinese Premier met with Costa Rican Pesident
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao says Sino-Costa Rican relations not only benefits the peoples of both countries, but also promotes China's friendliness15 with Central America.
Wen Jiabao made the comments when meeting with visiting Costa Rican President Laura Chinchilla Miranda.
"China has only established the diplomatic ties with Costa Rica for five years, but there are good progress in the cooperation of politics, commerce and culture. An important symbol is that we have reached a Free Trade Agreement which has been in effect. This will boost the development of the economies of both countries for sure. "
For her part, Laura Chinchilla Miranda said that Costa Rica was willing to enlarge cooperation with China in various fields, including trade, infrastructure17, and education.
Costa Rica will also play an active role to promote China's cooperation with Latin American countries during its rotating presidency18 of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States.
Last year, trade volume between the two countries reached over 4.7-billon-US- dollars.
China is Costa Rica's second largest trade partner.
Chinese Rear Admiral: Chinese Ocean Surveillance Ship Patrols off the Coast of the Diaoyu Islands
Rear Admiral Yin Zhuo, director of the Expert Consultation19 Committee of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) Navy, says China has taken effective actions to defend the country's sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands. Yin confirmed that China has sent its ocean surveillance ship to patrol in waters 12 nautical20 miles off Diaoyu Islands.
"Our country has taken effective measures to assert China's sovereignty over the islands. For example, Chinese ocean surveillance ship patrols in waters 12 nautical miles off Diaoyu Islands and expel Japanese patrol ships. When the Japanese patrol ships come to intercept21 us, we warn that 'the Diaoyu Islands belong to China and you have intruded22 into China's territorial23 waters'. Both this action and the Hong Kong activists24' actions are actions to safeguard state sovereignty."
Yin also believes that Japan's arrest of the 14 Chinese is in gross violation25 of international law.
South Africa's National Union of Mineworkers has confirmed that the clashes between police and the protesting miners have left at least 36 people dead.
Earlier, local health authorities say that clashes left at least 25 people dead.
The shootout erupted Thursday afternoon as police attempted to disperse27 armed striking miners at Lonmin' s Marikana mine in the northern province.
The police claim they acted in self-defense against the charge of 3-thousand miners.
Secretary General of the National Union of Mineworkers Frans Baleni has demanded a full investigation28:
"Any of our members if they can be found to be involved one way or another with violent activities, the NUM will deal with those members. We are also appealing that the police and law enforcement agents must fully29 investigate this carnage which led to ten people (being killed), but to ensure that there is successful prosecution30."
President Jacob Zuma has said he is "shocked and dismayed" at what appears to be one of the bloodiest31 police operations since the end of white-minority rule in 1994.
The mine is at the center of an inter-union conflict which had already left 10 people dead.
The strike first started a week ago, escalating33 into violence over the weekend.
Expert Advocates International Community to Tackle World Grain Price Hike
World grain prices have surged due to the ongoing34 US drought, the worst in more than 50 years. It has brought formidable challenges to the stability and development of developing countries especially those poor countries.
An expert with International Food Policy Research Institute is calling on the international community to take measures to rein35 in the prices increases.
CRI's Su Yi has more.
reporter
Fan Shenggen, director general of International Food Policy Research Institute, says this year's US drought has caused the second surge in world grain prices in five years.
At the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, crop prices have soared in response to drought damage. The corn price has reached record high of 8.4 US dollars a bushel.
Fan says that the high grain prices will continue for a long time.
"The next year will see the influence of this year's drought. Far more important is that there will be more extreme weather in the future. It will affect the world grain production more often. Therefore, it will continue affecting us in the future."
In such a case, analysts36 worry that grain exports may be banned because many poor countries suffered great difficulties in the last food crisis.
Fan says that the US as the biggest country of grain export should take some measures to handle the food price influence because of the US drought.
"US should first stop the production of biofuels. The US uses 40% of corn to produce biofuels. This is the main reason of corn shortage, also the reason for corn price hike."
The food security refers to the international stability and development especially the developing countries. Fan believes the developing countries should accord great importance to the food supply and adopt timely measures to tackle high grain prices.
"For the developing countries, they should use some of their food reserve to help those people in need. In the long term, these countries should invest more on agricultural research to improve the country's grain production. Moreover, they should invest more in climate change."
Fan also notes the food security is very pivotal for China with the largest population in the world. Fan says China has many ways to guarantee food security. First, China has more potential to increase its food production. Furthermore, the country could increase other countries' production through investment and technology transfer. As long as the world market has ample agricultural products, China could even import them to ensure food supply.
For CRI, I'm Su Yi.
China's 1st bank to serve sci-tech enterprises opens in Shanghai
China's first bank for sci-tech innovation, the SPD Silicon Valley Bank, has opened in Shanghai.
The project is jointly38 invested by the Shanghai Pudong Development Bank and America's Silicon Valley Bank with 157-million-U.S-dollars.
Tu Guangshao, vice-mayor of Shanghai says the new bank will mainly serve small sci-tech firms:
"Such a bank will focus on the small and medium-sized sci-tech enterprises and centralize its resources to serve them and satisfy their needs. It will play a leading role in promoting the whole financial industry to serve the small and medium-sized sci-tech enterprises."
The bank is the first financing joint-venture approved by China's Banking40 Regulatory Commission since 1997.
Shanghai Book Fair Focuses on Weibo To Promote Itself Online
If digital reading is a trend that book fairs have paid a lot of attention to, the ongoing Shanghai Book Fair has been trying something new to make it more digital by using social networking websites to promote itself. Let's find out more with Yunfeng.
Reporter:
Chen Zhengyun is an animation41 editor who has been visiting the Shanghai book fair since its inception42. He says he found useful information on weibo.
"I used sina weibo's search engine to find some interesting events. I am working in the animation industry. I found some of the activities during this book fair helpful to me."
Chen is among over 300 million users of sina weibo, a twitter like Chinese social networking site. Shuxiangshanghai meaning "the book's fragrance43 in Shanghai" is the official organization users among many that officially connect to the Shanghai Book Fair. It now has more than 110 thousand followers44 and the numbers keeps rising quickly. Zhou Siqin is the deputy director of the Shanghai Press and Publication Bureau's General Office.
"During this past few days, we obviously feel that the book fair has become a hot topic on weibo, and the number of followers is rising quickly."
To better promote the activities and events of the book fair, Zhou Siqin said her ten people team started Shuxiangshanghai weibo more than half a year ago. Every day they release news about the fair, and select and post related weibo that has been posted by partners. Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing Group has its own weibo, and been cooperating well with Shuxiangshanghai. Chen Zheng is the President. He explains why the publishing house also values weibo so much.
"We consider Weibo a new way of marketing45 for our books. Before and during the events we hold we would post weibo to inform our followers. "
The Literature and Art Publishing House invited Cloud Atlas's David Mitchell to this book fair.
Chen Zheng further tells that weibo posts helped to make the Shanghai book talk a successful one.
"His Shanghai fans are looking forward to his coming. Before he came to Shanghai, David Mitchell visited Beijing. Two staff from the company followed him in Beijing and kept updating his whereabouts and activities there onto weibo. Our followers on weibo knew this and became anxious to see him appear at the Shanghai book fair."
In a way, sina weibo's more than 224 thousand entries with key words "2012 Shanghai Book Fair" shows the enthusiasm that the readers love this year's book fair. In fact, the organizer has to add evening shifts to cater46 for more visitors who want to visit the down venue47, the exhibition center in Shanghai.
For CRI, this is Yunfeng.
Freshmen from various chinese provinces can get a special subsidy from the government this year.
Students from poor families can receive up to 1000 yuan to cover travel expenses from their home to the universities.
CRI's Abhijan Barua has more.
Reporter:
China Education Development Foundation has started a program under the Education Ministry50 to subsidize poor high school graduates from 22 provinces in middle and western China.
Students can get 500 yuan to cover the travel fee and short-term living cost if they are admitted by universities or colleges located in their province of origin.
The figure doubles to 1000 yuan if their universities are located elsewhere.
Director of the program Mr. Zhang says the program fills in the gap between high school and universities, and ensures the continuity of subsidy to students.
"China has set up a complete system to help and support poor students, which can cover preschool period, compulsory51 education, high school, and also university. The point is some students cannot afford the traveling expenses, and they do not have money for living after arriving at the university. So this project aims at solving these problems."
According to Zhang, the money has been sent out to local finance departments.
"Money for our project comes from a special public lottery52 welfare fund generated by the central government named 'Plan Runyu'. The total amount of 140 billion yuan will be used to help 220 thousand students in middle and western China, which has covered 4.2 percent of the high school graduates this year."
Students can apply for the subsidy from their high schools or go directly to a local Student Assistance Administration.
An official at a local administration of Changsha County in Hunan Province says students must go through an investigation into the financial conditions of their families before the money is handed down.
"We have quotas53. Not every poor student can get the money. There is no clear standard for defining poor. But we do have an evaluation54 procedure for those admitted by universities and have difficulties. They should apply first, and than wait for schools to publish the result."
The official adds, due to weak publicity55 of the project and some poor families having no access to the media, some students have missed the application deadline.
The subsidies56 will be given out to students before the end of this month, since they are setting out for schools in September.
For CRI, I'm Abhijan Barua.
GLOBAL TIMES
The Ministry of Education now says more security guards will be deployed58 in primary and middle schools as well as kindergartens to maintain better schoolyard security.
It announced that by 2013, the education facilities in the country will have at least one guard.
It also said there will be safety education before holidays and after new semesters begin. Also, there will be at least one safety emergency drill during each semester.
Besides, patrolling and cutting out safety irregularities around schools will also be introduced.
The move comes after a number of school murders shocked the nation.
In one of these cases, a doctor in Nanping county, East China's Fujian province, stabbed eight students to death in a primary school in March 2010.
CHINA DAILY
Ghostwriters doing homework
As summer vacations coming to an end, many high school students faced with piles of homework found a solution - hiring ghostwriters.
Some university students stayed at the campus during the summer holiday and make money by doing homework for senior high school students.
They even say a large discount will be given to the students if they organize themselves in groups of at least 10.
According to a news report, a whole class at a middle high school in Wuhan, capital of Hubei province, sought help from ghostwriters during this summer vacation.
Teachers and parents, who are well aware of the phenomena59, say they understand the students, as they are faced with too many assignments.
Experts say this also contributes to some students wanting to seek overseas schooling60, where they consider could really sharpen their abilities of learning and researching.
YAHOO NEWS
EU also studying plain-packaging law for tobacco
The European Commission said it could shortly make legislative61 proposals that force manufacturers to distribute tobacco products across Europe in plain packaging.
The move comes following a ground-breaking Australian court ruling, which requires cigarettes to be sold in un-branded uniform packaging with graphic health warnings.
The World Health Organization, which blames smoking for six million deaths per year, expressed its hope that the decision taken in Australia would trigger a global "domino effect."
(参考) Cigarette packaging designs have become increasingly luxurious63 and exquisite64: soft or hard paper, plastic or metal packs holding five, eight, 16 or 20 cigarettes incorporating dull polishing, gold-stamping or platinum-plated surfaces and with an upper hinge, side hinge or sliding lid are all examples of this trend.
Yahoo News
Education is the predictor of longer life
Researchers have found that education is a powerful predictor of longer life spans.
It's found that white U.S. men and women with 16 years or more of schooling have life expectancies65 far greater than black Americans with fewer than 12 years of education.
They say that education exerts its benefits on healthier lifestyles, better ability to cope with stress, and more privileged social position.
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1
mandate
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| n.托管地；命令，指示 | |
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Founder
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| n.创始者，缔造者 | |
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premier
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| adj.首要的；n.总理，首相 | |
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bilateral
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| adj.双方的，两边的，两侧的 | |
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silicon
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| n.硅(旧名矽) | |
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civilian
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| adj.平民的，民用的，民众的 | |
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envoy
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| n.使节，使者，代表，公使 | |
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previously
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| adv.以前，先前（地） | |
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mediator
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| n.调解人，中介人 | |
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asylum
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| n.避难所，庇护所，避难 | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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fulfill
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| vt.履行，实现，完成；满足，使满意 | |
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extradition
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| n.引渡（逃犯） | |
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vowing
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| 起誓，发誓（vow的现在分词形式） | |
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friendliness
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| n.友谊，亲切，亲密 | |
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spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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infrastructure
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| n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施 | |
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presidency
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| n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期) | |
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consultation
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| n.咨询；商量；商议；会议 | |
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nautical
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| adj.海上的，航海的，船员的 | |
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intercept
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| vt.拦截，截住，截击 | |
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intruded
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| n.侵入的，推进的v.侵入，侵扰，打扰( intrude的过去式和过去分词 )；把…强加于 | |
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territorial
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| adj.领土的，领地的 | |
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activists
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| n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 ) | |
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violation
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| n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯 | |
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platinum
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| n.白金 | |
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disperse
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| vi.使分散；使消失；vt.分散；驱散 | |
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investigation
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| n.调查，调查研究 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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prosecution
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| n.起诉，告发，检举，执行，经营 | |
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bloodiest
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| adj.血污的( bloody的最高级 )；流血的；屠杀的；残忍的 | |
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militant
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| adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士 | |
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escalating
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| v.（使）逐步升级( escalate的现在分词 )；（使）逐步扩大；（使）更高；（使）更大 | |
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ongoing
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| adj.进行中的，前进的 | |
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rein
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| n.疆绳，统治，支配；vt.以僵绳控制，统治 | |
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analysts
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| 分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 ) | |
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joint
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| adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合 | |
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jointly
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| ad.联合地，共同地 | |
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investors
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| n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 ) | |
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banking
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| n.银行业，银行学，金融业 | |
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animation
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| n.活泼，兴奋，卡通片／动画片的制作 | |
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inception
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| n.开端，开始，取得学位 | |
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fragrance
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| n.芬芳，香味，香气 | |
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followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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marketing
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| n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西 | |
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cater
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| vi.(for/to)满足，迎合；(for)提供饮食及服务 | |
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venue
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| n.犯罪地点，审判地，管辖地，发生地点，集合地点 | |
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freshmen
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| n.（中学或大学的）一年级学生( freshman的名词复数 ) | |
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subsidy
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| n.补助金，津贴 | |
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ministry
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| n.(政府的)部；牧师 | |
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compulsory
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| n.强制的，必修的；规定的，义务的 | |
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lottery
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| n.抽彩；碰运气的事，难于算计的事 | |
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quotas
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| （正式限定的）定量( quota的名词复数 )； 定额； 指标； 摊派 | |
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evaluation
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| n.估价，评价；赋值 | |
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publicity
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| n.众所周知，闻名；宣传，广告 | |
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subsidies
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| n.补贴，津贴，补助金( subsidy的名词复数 ) | |
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deploy
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| v.（军）散开成战斗队形，布置，展开 | |
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deployed
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| （尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用 | |
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phenomena
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| n.现象 | |
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schooling
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| n.教育；正规学校教育 | |
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legislative
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| n.立法机构，立法权；adj.立法的，有立法权的 | |
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graphic
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| adj.生动的，形象的，绘画的，文字的，图表的 | |
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luxurious
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| adj.精美而昂贵的；豪华的 | |
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exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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expectancies
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| 期待，期望( expectancy的名词复数 ) | |
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implement
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| n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行 | |
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longevity
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| n.长命；长寿 | |
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