中英双语新闻——94 Hometown grads return to cities

 　　When he followed travelers surging out of Beijing Railway Station after this year’s national holiday, He Yuzhang released a long breath in the familiar cool weather: he was finally back.

 

　　今年国庆长假结束后，当何玉璋(音译)跟随其他旅客一起从北京火车站涌出来时，面对这熟悉而凉爽的天气，他长舒了一口气：终于回来了。

 

　　He, 26, who graduated in accountancy from Beijing Forestry¹ University in 2008, left the capital city to go to his hometown of Panjin in Liaoning last summer. By then, he could no longer tolerate Beijing’s soaring housing prices, deteriorating² air quality, and packed subway carriages.

 

　　26岁的何玉璋2008年毕业于北京林业大学会计系。去年夏天，由于忍受不了北京飞涨的房价、不断恶化的空气质量以及拥挤的地铁，他离开北京回到了家乡辽宁盘锦。

 

　　He is now in Beijing again after a year’s absence. He said: “In my hometown, I discovered it was hard to find anything in common with former friends. I cannot figure out the complicated network of social relationships.”

 

　　一年之后，何玉璋又重新回到了北京。他说：“在家乡，我发现很难在自己和从前的朋友间找到共同点。我弄不清楚那些复杂的社会关系网。”

 

　　His illusions about living in a small city burst like bubbles. He’s experience is not unusual. Many young employees or college grads, who successfully fled the big cities including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou are streaming back.

 

　　他对于小城生活的幻想就像泡沫一样破灭了。而他这种经历并不少见。许多成功逃离“北上广”等大城市的年轻职员或高校毕业生正在逐渐回流。

 

　　Thousands returned to their hometowns complaining about the woes³ of living in big cities such as rising rents, fierce competition at work and the harsh environment.

 

　　但在小城市生活也存在许多弊端。根据腾讯微博于本月初进行的一项调查显示，大约有68%的参与者支持返回大城市这项决定。

 

　　But living in smaller cities also has drawbacks. According to a survey on Tencent micro blog website, t.qq.com, conducted early this month, about 68 percent of those asked support the decision to return to big cities.

 

　　据主流媒体分析，主要是以下挫折将这些年轻人重新推入大城市的怀抱：二、三线城市中，以权势为基础的紧密群体，娱乐活动的缺乏以及逐渐增高的生活费用。

 

　　Mainstream⁴ media has analyzed⁵ the major frustrations⁶ that push young people back: the powerful tight knit group of people, the lack of recreational activities as well as rising living costs in the second or third-tier cities.

 

　　而就业机会的缺乏依旧是关键劣势所在。中国社科院社会学研究所研究员张毅(音译)表示：“相比于一线大都市，二、三线城市因为城市规模有限，所以能够提供给年轻人的热门职位也较少。”

 

　　On Tencent’s micro blog website, the participants in the survey revealed that income in their hometown was low but living costs were still high.

 

　　“同时，一线大都市更加开放和包容，吸收精英人才的能力也更强。”

 

　　The lack of career opportunities remains⁷ a key downside. Zhang Yi, a researcher at the Institute of Sociology in the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said: “Compared with metropolises⁹, second and third-tier cities provide fewer attractive positions for young people because of their limited size.

 

　　文化的缺乏是另一个问题。比如，何玉璋说他的家乡的同辈人更倾向于将幸福与物质财富(比如房产)等同起来，而不太在乎一本新书或戏剧。

 

　　“At the same time, the metropolises are more open and tolerant, and have greater capability¹⁰ in absorbing talent.”

 

　　清华大学社会学教授孙立平(音译)表示，大城市的公众监督和激烈的市场竞争保证了更加透明和公平的社会体系。“你不能用幕后的商业手段。在大城市这样做的代价十分巨大。”他说。

 

　　The lack of culture is another issue. For instance, He Yuzhang says peers in his hometown are prone¹¹ to equate¹² happiness with material wealth such as housing, but care little about a new book or theater play.

 

　　而回归之路也是十分艰辛的。5月份进行的人口普查结果显示，北京市1960万人口中有700万是外地人口，占人口总数的35.9%，相比2000年18.9%的比重将近翻了一倍。

 

　　Sun Liping, a sociology professor in Tsinghua University says that public supervision¹³ and fierce market competition in the bigger cities ensure a more transparent¹⁴ and fair social system. “You cannot afford to use underhand business methods. The price is too high in big cities,” said Sun.

 

　　在广州，1270万的人口中有476万来自外地，比例达到37.5%，较2000年的33.3%呈上涨趋势。

 

　　But the road back is also tough. The demographic census¹⁵ results in May showed that about 7 million of 19.6 million people in Beijing come from outside, taking up 35.9 percent of the population, a jump from 18.9 percent in 2000.

 

　　可以肯定的是，前往大城市生活的人们今后将会面临更多的挑战，专家们已经指出，政府部门已开始试图通过更加严厉的车房限购措施来控制外来人口的增长。

 

　　In Guangzhou, the figure is 4.76 million of 12.7 million people. The proportion is 37.5 percent, increasing from 33.3 percent in 2000.

 

　　对于大城市，是去是留？这个问题并没有标准答案。“这需要考虑到你的能力、性格以及家庭因素。”孙教授说。

 

　　It is certain that people who move to the metropolis⁸ will face more challenges in the future, as experts point out that the government has tried to control population growth by introducing more stringent¹⁶ measures in apartment or car purchases.

 

　　他建议大学生们可以在大城市和自己家乡都申请一份实习工作来做。这样一来，他们便可以找到自己喜欢的生活方式：大城市的繁忙节奏，亦或是小城市的紧密团体。

1 forestry   

n.森林学；林业

参考例句：

• At present, the Chinese forestry is being at a significant transforming period. 当前, 我国的林业正处于一个重大的转折时期。
• Anhua is one of the key forestry counties in Hunan province. 安化县是湖南省重点林区县之一。

2 deteriorating   

恶化，变坏( deteriorate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The weather conditions are deteriorating. 天气变得越来越糟。
• I was well aware of the bad morale and the deteriorating factories. 我很清楚，大家情绪低落，各个工厂越搞越坏。

3 woes   

困境( woe的名词复数 )； 悲伤； 我好苦哇； 某人就要倒霉

参考例句：

• Thanks for listening to my woes. 谢谢您听我诉说不幸的遭遇。
• She has cried the blues about its financial woes. 对于经济的困难她叫苦不迭。

4 mainstream   

n.（思想或行为的）主流；adj.主流的

参考例句：

• Their views lie outside the mainstream of current medical opinion.他们的观点不属于当今医学界观点的主流。
• Polls are still largely reflects the mainstream sentiment.民调还在很大程度上反映了社会主流情绪。

5 analyzed   

v.分析( analyze的过去式和过去分词 )；分解；解释；对…进行心理分析

参考例句：

• The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The young man did not analyze the process of his captivation and enrapturement, for love to him was a mystery and could not be analyzed. 这年轻人没有分析自己蛊惑著迷的过程，因为对他来说，爱是个不可分析的迷。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 frustrations   

挫折( frustration的名词复数 )； 失败； 挫败； 失意

参考例句：

• The temptation would grow to take out our frustrations on Saigon. 由于我们遭到挫折而要同西贡算帐的引诱力会增加。
• Aspirations will be raised, but so will frustrations. 人们会产生种种憧憬，但是种种挫折也会随之而来。

7 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

8 metropolis   

n.首府；大城市

参考例句：

• Shanghai is a metropolis in China.上海是中国的大都市。
• He was dazzled by the gaiety and splendour of the metropolis.大都市的花花世界使他感到眼花缭乱。

9 metropolises   

n.一国的主要城市（不一定是首都）( metropolis的名词复数 )；中心；大都会；大城市

参考例句：

• That season, you ride it, all metropolises achieve what one wishes! 那时节，您骑上它，一切都会如愿以偿！ 来自互联网
• Carl has carried the banner in infernal metropolises. 卡尔曾经在那些地狱般的大都市流浪街头。 来自互联网

10 capability   

n.能力；才能；(pl)可发展的能力或特性等

参考例句：

• She has the capability to become a very fine actress.她有潜力成为杰出演员。
• Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。

11 prone   

adj.(to)易于…的，很可能…的；俯卧的

参考例句：

• Some people are prone to jump to hasty conclusions.有些人往往作出轻率的结论。
• He is prone to lose his temper when people disagree with him.人家一不同意他的意见,他就发脾气。

12 equate   

v.同等看待，使相等

参考例句：

• You can't equate passing examination and being intelligent.你不能把考试及格看成是聪明。
• You cannot equate his poems with his plays.你不可以把他的诗歌和他的剧本相提并论。

13 supervision   

n.监督，管理

参考例句：

• The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
• The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。

14 transparent   

adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的

参考例句：

• The water is so transparent that we can see the fishes swimming.水清澈透明，可以看到鱼儿游来游去。
• The window glass is transparent.窗玻璃是透明的。

15 census   

n.(官方的)人口调查，人口普查

参考例句：

• A census of population is taken every ten years.人口普查每10年进行一次。
• The census is taken one time every four years in our country.我国每四年一次人口普查。

16 stringent   

adj.严厉的；令人信服的；银根紧的

参考例句：

• Financiers are calling for a relaxation of these stringent measures.金融家呼吁对这些严厉的措施予以放宽。
• Some of the conditions in the contract are too stringent.合同中有几项条件太苛刻。