各类常见疾病的英语表达

 　　(1) 一般病情：

　　He feels headache, nausea¹ and vomiting²。(他觉得头痛、恶心和想吐。)

　　He is under the weather。(他不舒服，生病了。)

　　He began to feel unusually tired。(他感到反常的疲倦。)

　　He feels light-headed。(他觉得头晕。)

　　She has been shut-in for a few days。(她生病在家几天了。)

　　Her head is pounding. (她头痛。)

　　His symptoms include loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive fatigue³, fever and chills. (他的症状包括没有食欲、体重减轻、非常疲倦、发烧和发冷。)

　　He feels exhausted⁴ or fatigued⁵ most of the time. (他大部份时间都觉得非常疲倦。)

　　He has been lacking in energy for some time. (他感到虚弱有段时间了。)

　　He feels drowsy⁶, dizzy and nauseated⁷. (他觉得昏昏欲睡，头晕目眩和想吐。)

　　He feels as though everything around him is spinning. (他感到周围的东西都在打转。)

　　He has noticed some loss of hearing. (他发觉听力差些。)

　　She has some pains and itching⁸ around her eyes. (她眼睛四周又痛又痒。)

　　(2) 伤风感冒：

　　He has been coughing up rusty⁹ or greenish-yellow phlegm. (他咳嗽带有绿黄色的痰。)

　　His eyes feel itchy and he has been sneezing. (他眼睛发痒，而且一直在打喷嚏。)

　　He has a fever, aching muscles and hacking¹⁰ cough. (hacking = constant) (他有发烧，筋骨酸痛和常常咳嗽。)

　　He coughed with sputum and feeling of malaise. (malaise = debility) (他咳嗽有浓痰，而且觉得很虚弱。)

　　He gets a cold with a deep hacking cough. (他伤风咳嗽。)

　　He has a headache, aching bones and joints¹¹. (他头痛，骨头、关节也痛。)

　　He has a persistent¹² cough. (他不停地在咳。)

　　He has bouts¹³ of uncontrollable coughing. (他一阵阵的咳嗽，难以控制。)

　　He has hoarse¹⁴ and has lost his voice sometimes. (他声音嘶哑，有时失声。)

　　He has a sore throat and a stuffy¹⁵ nose. (他嗓子疼痛而且鼻子不通。)

　　His breathing is harsh and wheezy. (他呼吸时，有气喘似的呼哧呼哧作响。)

　　He has a stabbing pain that comes on suddenly in one or both temples. (有时突然间太阳穴刺痛。)

　　He has a runny nose, sneezing or a scratchy throat. (他流鼻水，打喷嚏和喉咙沙哑。)

　　(3) 女性疾病：

　　She has noticed one lump in her breast. (她发觉乳房有个肿块。)

　　There is a hard, swollen¹⁶ lump on her right breast. (她右乳房有肿块。)

　　Her left breast is painful and swollen. (她左乳房疼痛且肿大。)

　　She has heavy bleeding with her periods. (她月经来的很多。)

　　Her vaginal discharge is white or greenish-yellow and unpleasant smelling. (她阴道分泌物带白色或绿黄色，而且气味不好。)

　　She has noticed occasional spotting of blood between periods. (在月经来的前后，她有时也发觉有滴滴达达的流血。)

　　She has some bleeding after intercourse¹⁷. (性交后有出血。)

　　She feels some vaginal itching. (她感到阴部发痒。)

　　She has painful periods and abnormal vaginal discharge. (她月经来时疼痛，而且阴道有不正常的分泌物。)

　　(4) 手脚疾病：

　　His both hands and feet ache all over. (他两手两脚都很酸痛。)

　　He has pain on the sole of his feet. (他脚底很痛。)

　　There is a wart-like lump on the sole of right foot. (我右脚底有个像肉疣般的硬块。)

　　His ankles look puffy and they pit when he presses them with his finger. (pit = small dent¹⁸ form;句里的 they 和 them 都是指 ankles)(他的足踝好象肿了，用手按，就有小坑痕。)

　　The pain in his left foot is accompanied by redness and swelling¹⁹. (左脚酸痛，并有红肿。)

　　The joints near his fingernails and knuckles²⁰ look swollen. (指头和指节旁边的关节，似乎有肿大。)

　　He has numbness²¹ and tingling²² in his hands and fingers. (他的手和指头感到麻木和刺痛。)

　　His legs become painful following strenuous²³ exercise. (激烈运动后，他的腿就痛。)

　　His knee is misshapen or unable to move. (他的膝盖有点畸形，也不能动。)

　　There are some swellings in his armpit. (他的腋窝肿大。)

　　He is troubled with painful muscles and joints. (他的筋骨和关节都痛。)

　　She is troubled by the pains in the back and shoulders. (她的后背和肩膀都痛。)

　　His knee has been bothering him for some time. (他的膝盖不舒服，已有一段时间了。)

　　(5) 睡眠不好：

　　He is sleeping poorly。(他睡不好)

　　He has difficulty in sleeping, inability to concentrate。(他不易入睡，也难集中精神。)

　　It is usually hard for her to fall asleep when she goes to bed at night。(她晚上就寝，很难入睡。)

　　He wakes during the night or early morning and finds it difficult to fall asleep again。(他晚间或清早醒来后，再也不能入睡。)

　　He has nightmares occasionally。(他有时做噩梦。)

　　(6) 男性疾病：

　　He urinates more frequently than usual。(他小便比平时多。)

　　He has difficulty controlling his bladder。(他很难控制小便。)(bladder：膀胱)

　　There are some lumps on his testicles. (他的睪丸有些硬块。)

　　He has had burning or pain when he urinates。(他小便时感到发烫和疼痛。)

　　He is passing less urine than usual。(他小便比平时少。)

　　He has had painless swelling in his scrotum。(他的阴囊有不痛的肿大。)

　　He feels lack of interest in sex。(他自觉对性的兴趣大减。)

　　He has difficulty starting his urine flow。(他小便不畅通。)

　　His urine stream is very weak and slow。(他小便流动得很慢很弱。)

　　He dribbles²⁴ a little urine after he has finished urinating。(他小便后，还会有少量零星地滴下。)

　　He has had some discharge from his penis。(他的阴茎排出一些流脓。)

　　His urine is cloudy and it smells strong。(他的小便混浊，而且气味不好。)

　　He has a dull heavy ache in the crotch。(他的胯部感到隐痛。)

　　He has a small leakage²⁵ of urine when he coughs or sneezes。(他咳嗽或打喷嚏时，会有点泄尿。)

　　He has trouble urinating。(他小便有困难。)

　　(7) 呼吸方面：

　　His breathing has become increasingly difficult。(他呼吸越来越困难。)

　　He has to breathe through his mouth。(他要用口呼吸。)

　　He is short of breath, even when he has not been exercising, he is breathless。(他喘气;即使不运动，他也是上气不接下气。)

　　His cough is more like wheezing²⁶。(他的咳嗽有呼哧呼哧的响声。)

　　His cough is dry, producing no phlegm。(他是干咳，没有痰。)

　　He has coughed up blood。(他咳嗽有血。)

　　His nose stuffed up when he had a cold。(他感冒时鼻子就不通。)

　　He coughs up a lot of phlegm (thick spit) on most days。(他多半时间咳出浓浓的痰。)

　　He has a feeling of tightness in the chest or a feeling that he is suffocating²⁷。(他胸部觉得闷闷的，好象透不过气来。)

　　(8)口腔毛病：

　　He has pain in his teeth or jaw²⁸. (他的牙齿和下巴疼痛。)

　　He has some problems with his teeth. (他牙齿有问题。)

　　The tooth hurts only when he bites down on it. (他咬东西时，牙齿就痛。)

　　His gums are red and swollen. (他的牙床红肿。)

　　His tongue is red and sore all over. (他的舌头到处红和痛。)

　　His breath smells bad and he has a foul²⁹ taste in his mouth. (他口里有怪味。)

　　His gums do bleed. (他牙床有出血。)

　　He has some sore swellings on his gum or jaw. (他的牙床和下巴肿痛。)

　　He has sore places on or around the lip. (他的嘴唇和周围都很痛。)

　　There are cracks at the corners of his mouth. (他的嘴巴角落破了。)

　　There are some discolored areas inside on his tongue. (他舌头里边有些地方颜色怪怪的。)

　　(9) 肠胃毛病：

　　He has a bloated, uncomfortable feeling after meal. (他饭后肚子觉得胀胀的，很不舒服。)

　　He has bouts of abdominal³⁰ pain. (他有一阵阵的肚痛。)

　　He feels bloated in his abdominal area. (他感到肚子胀胀的。) (注：胀胀的，像“puff up”，但不是真正的肿“swell up”。)

　　The pain is mainly in the lower (upper) right part of the abdomen³¹. (痛是在肚子下半部。)

　　He has nausea and vomiting. (他有恶心和呕吐。)

　　It is difficult or painful for him to swallow. (他吞下食物时会痛。)

　　He has passed more gas than usual. (他放…比平常多。)

　　He has been constipated for a few days. (他便秘了好几天。)

　　He suffers pains when he moves his bowels³³. (他大便时很痛。)

　　He has some bleeding from his rectum. (他的肛门出血。)

　　He has noticed some blood in his bowel³² movements. (他发觉大便时有些血。)

　　His bowel movements are pale, greasy³⁴ and foul smelling. (他大便呈灰白色，含油脂的恶臭。)

　　His bowel movements are grey (or black) in color. (他的大便呈灰白色。)

　　He has trouble with diarrhea. (他拉肚子。)

　　(10) 血压&感官：

　　His blood pressure is really up. (他的血压很高。)

　　High blood pressure is creeping up on him。

　　He has noticed frequent urination, increased thirst and unexpected tireness. (他发觉常常小便，非常口渴和更加疲倦。)

　　It is a chest pain that gets worse when he bends over or lies down. (他弯腰或躺下时，胸部更痛。)

　　He has noticed excessive sweating and unexplained tireness. (他体会到过度的出汗和难以解释的疲倦。)

　　He has a sharp pain in one area of his spine³⁵. (他的脊椎某部位刺痛。)

　　He has pain in other joints including hip³⁶, knee and ankle. (其它关节疼痛包括臀部、膝盖和脚踝。)

　　His eyes seem to be bulging³⁷. (他的眼睛觉得有点肿胀。)

　　He has double vision. (他的视线有双重影子。)

　　He feels there is a film over his eyes. (他觉得眼里有种薄膜似的东西，挡住视线。)

　　His vision in the right eye blurred³⁸. (他右眼视线模糊不清。)

　　He has had some earaches³⁹ lately. (他近来耳朵有点痛。)

　　He has a repeated buzzing or other noises in his ears. (他耳朵常有嗡嗡的声音。)

1 nausea   

n.作呕，恶心；极端的憎恶(或厌恶)

参考例句：

• Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕期常有恶心的现象。
• He experienced nausea after eating octopus.吃了章鱼后他感到恶心。

2 vomiting   

吐

参考例句：

• Symptoms include diarrhoea and vomiting. 症状有腹泻和呕吐。
• Especially when I feel seasick, I can't stand watching someone else vomiting." 尤其晕船的时候，看不得人家呕。”

3 fatigue   

n.疲劳，劳累

参考例句：

• The old lady can't bear the fatigue of a long journey.这位老妇人不能忍受长途旅行的疲劳。
• I have got over my weakness and fatigue.我已从虚弱和疲劳中恢复过来了。

4 exhausted   

adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的

参考例句：

• It was a long haul home and we arrived exhausted.搬运回家的这段路程特别长，到家时我们已筋疲力尽。
• Jenny was exhausted by the hustle of city life.珍妮被城市生活的忙乱弄得筋疲力尽。

5 fatigued   

adj. 疲乏的

参考例句：

• The exercises fatigued her. 操练使她感到很疲乏。
• The President smiled, with fatigued tolerance for a minor person's naivety. 总统笑了笑，疲惫地表现出对一个下级人员的天真想法的宽容。

6 drowsy   

adj.昏昏欲睡的，令人发困的

参考例句：

• Exhaust fumes made him drowsy and brought on a headache.废气把他熏得昏昏沉沉，还引起了头疼。
• I feel drowsy after lunch every day.每天午饭后我就想睡觉。

7 nauseated   

adj.作呕的，厌恶的v.使恶心，作呕( nauseate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• I was nauseated by the violence in the movie. 影片中的暴力场面让我感到恶心。
• But I have chewed it all well and I am not nauseated. 然而我把它全细细咀嚼后吃下去了，没有恶心作呕。 来自英汉文学 - 老人与海

8 itching   

adj.贪得的，痒的，渴望的v.发痒( itch的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The itching was almost more than he could stand. 他痒得几乎忍不住了。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• My nose is itching. 我的鼻子发痒。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 rusty   

adj.生锈的；锈色的；荒废了的

参考例句：

• The lock on the door is rusty and won't open.门上的锁锈住了。
• I haven't practiced my French for months and it's getting rusty.几个月不用，我的法语又荒疏了。

10 hacking   

n.非法访问计算机系统和数据库的活动

参考例句：

• The patient with emphysema is hacking all day. 这个肺气肿病人整天不断地干咳。
• We undertook the task of hacking our way through the jungle. 我们负责在丛林中开路。

11 joints   

接头( joint的名词复数 )； 关节； 公共场所（尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所） （非正式）； 一块烤肉 （英式英语）

参考例句：

• Expansion joints of various kinds are fitted on gas mains. 各种各样的伸缩接头被安装在煤气的总管道上了。
• Expansion joints of various kinds are fitted on steam pipes. 各种各样的伸缩接头被安装在蒸气管道上了。

12 persistent   

adj.坚持不懈的，执意的；持续的

参考例句：

• Albert had a persistent headache that lasted for three days.艾伯特连续头痛了三天。
• She felt embarrassed by his persistent attentions.他不时地向她大献殷勤，使她很难为情。

13 bouts   

n.拳击（或摔跤）比赛( bout的名词复数 )；一段（工作）；（尤指坏事的）一通；（疾病的）发作

参考例句：

• For much of his life he suffered from recurrent bouts of depression. 他的大半辈子反复发作抑郁症。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• It was one of fistiana's most famous championship bouts. 这是拳击界最有名的冠军赛之一。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

14 hoarse   

adj.嘶哑的，沙哑的

参考例句：

• He asked me a question in a hoarse voice.他用嘶哑的声音问了我一个问题。
• He was too excited and roared himself hoarse.他过于激动，嗓子都喊哑了。

15 stuffy   

adj.不透气的，闷热的

参考例句：

• It's really hot and stuffy in here.这里实在太热太闷了。
• It was so stuffy in the tent that we could sense the air was heavy with moisture.帐篷里很闷热，我们感到空气都是潮的。

16 swollen   

adj.肿大的，水涨的；v.使变大，肿胀

参考例句：

• Her legs had got swollen from standing up all day.因为整天站着，她的双腿已经肿了。
• A mosquito had bitten her and her arm had swollen up.蚊子叮了她，她的手臂肿起来了。

17 intercourse   

n.性交；交流，交往，交际

参考例句：

• The magazine becomes a cultural medium of intercourse between the two peoples.该杂志成为两民族间文化交流的媒介。
• There was close intercourse between them.他们过往很密。

18 dent   

n.凹痕，凹坑；初步进展

参考例句：

• I don't know how it came about but I've got a dent in the rear of my car.我不知道是怎么回事，但我的汽车后部有了一个凹痕。
• That dent is not big enough to be worth hammering out.那个凹陷不大，用不着把它锤平。

19 swelling   

n.肿胀

参考例句：

• Use ice to reduce the swelling. 用冰敷消肿。
• There is a marked swelling of the lymph nodes. 淋巴结处有明显的肿块。

20 knuckles   

n.（指人）指关节( knuckle的名词复数 )；（指动物）膝关节，踝v.（指人）指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 )；（指动物）膝关节，踝

参考例句：

• He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘，握得指关节都变白了。
• Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》

21 numbness   

n.无感觉，麻木，惊呆

参考例句：

• She was fighting off the numbness of frostbite. 她在竭力摆脱冻僵的感觉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Sometimes they stay dead, causing' only numbness. 有时，它们没有任何反应，只会造成麻木。 来自时文部分

22 tingling   

v.有刺痛感( tingle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• My ears are tingling [humming; ringing; singing]. 我耳鸣。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• My tongue is tingling. 舌头发麻。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

23 strenuous   

adj.奋发的，使劲的；紧张的；热烈的，狂热的

参考例句：

• He made strenuous efforts to improve his reading. 他奋发努力提高阅读能力。
• You may run yourself down in this strenuous week.你可能会在这紧张的一周透支掉自己。

24 dribbles   

n.涓滴( dribble的名词复数 )；细滴；少量（液体）v.流口水( dribble的第三人称单数 )；（使液体）滴下或作细流；运球，带球

参考例句：

• That faucet dribbles badly. 那个水龙头漏水严重。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• Question: How do you make the dribbles like you always do them? 就像你经常做的，你怎么盘带？（估计也是个踢球的）。 来自互联网

25 leakage   

n.漏，泄漏；泄漏物；漏出量

参考例句：

• Large areas of land have been contaminated by the leakage from the nuclear reactor.大片地区都被核反应堆的泄漏物污染了。
• The continuing leakage is the result of the long crack in the pipe.这根管子上的那一条裂缝致使渗漏不断。

26 wheezing   

v.喘息，发出呼哧呼哧的喘息声( wheeze的现在分词 )；哮鸣

参考例句：

• He was coughing and wheezing all night. 他整夜又咳嗽又喘。
• A barrel-organ was wheezing out an old tune. 一架手摇风琴正在呼哧呼哧地奏着一首古老的曲子。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

27 suffocating   

a.使人窒息的

参考例句：

• After a few weeks with her parents, she felt she was suffocating.和父母呆了几个星期后，她感到自己毫无自由。
• That's better. I was suffocating in that cell of a room.这样好些了，我刚才在那个小房间里快闷死了。

28 jaw   

n.颚，颌，说教，流言蜚语；v.喋喋不休，教训

参考例句：

• He delivered a right hook to his opponent's jaw.他给了对方下巴一记右钩拳。
• A strong square jaw is a sign of firm character.强健的方下巴是刚毅性格的标志。

29 foul   

adj.污秽的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；妨害；犯规；n.犯规

参考例句：

• Take off those foul clothes and let me wash them.脱下那些脏衣服让我洗一洗。
• What a foul day it is!多么恶劣的天气！

30 abdominal   

adj.腹（部）的，下腹的；n.腹肌

参考例句：

• The abdominal aorta is normally smaller than the thoracic aorta.腹主动脉一般比胸主动脉小。
• Abdominal tissues sometimes adhere after an operation.手术之后腹部有时会出现粘连。

31 abdomen   

n.腹，下腹(胸部到腿部的部分)

参考例句：

• How to know to there is ascarid inside abdomen?怎样知道肚子里面有蛔虫？
• He was anxious about an off-and-on pain the abdomen.他因时隐时现的腹痛而焦虑。

32 bowel   

n.肠(尤指人肠)；内部，深处

参考例句：

• Irritable bowel syndrome seems to affect more women than men.女性比男性更易患肠易激综合征。
• Have you had a bowel movement today?你今天有排便吗？

33 bowels   

n.肠，内脏，内部；肠( bowel的名词复数 )；内部，最深处

参考例句：

• Salts is a medicine that causes movements of the bowels. 泻盐是一种促使肠子运动的药物。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The cabins are in the bowels of the ship. 舱房设在船腹内。 来自《简明英汉词典》

34 greasy   

adj. 多脂的，油脂的

参考例句：

• He bought a heavy-duty cleanser to clean his greasy oven.昨天他买了强力清洁剂来清洗油污的炉子。
• You loathe the smell of greasy food when you are seasick.当你晕船时，你会厌恶油腻的气味。

35 spine   

n.脊柱，脊椎；(动植物的)刺；书脊

参考例句：

• He broke his spine in a fall from a horse.他从马上跌下摔断了脊梁骨。
• His spine developed a slight curve.他的脊柱有点弯曲。

36 hip   

n.臀部，髋；屋脊

参考例句：

• The thigh bone is connected to the hip bone.股骨连着髋骨。
• The new coats blouse gracefully above the hip line.新外套在臀围线上优美地打着褶皱。

37 bulging   

膨胀； 凸出（部）； 打气； 折皱

参考例句：

• Her pockets were bulging with presents. 她的口袋里装满了礼物。
• Conscious of the bulging red folder, Nim told her,"Ask if it's important." 尼姆想到那个鼓鼓囊囊的红色文件夹便告诉她：“问问是不是重要的事。”

38 blurred   

v.（使）变模糊( blur的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）难以区分；模模糊糊；迷离

参考例句：

• She suffered from dizziness and blurred vision. 她饱受头晕目眩之苦。
• Their lazy, blurred voices fell pleasantly on his ears. 他们那种慢吞吞、含糊不清的声音在他听起来却很悦耳。 来自《简明英汉词典》

39 earaches   

n.耳朵痛( earache的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He has had some earaches lately. 他近来耳朵有点痛。 来自互联网