如何查找雅思阅读文章中的定位词

 　　雅思阅读中的定位词怎样查找?下面本文就几种常见的定位技巧做解析，并举例说明，希望可以给大家参考。

　　雅思定位词在文章中出现的第一种也是最常见的一种变身是“同义替换”，这包含同义词或同义词组。

　　剑6，Test4的Q9：Kim Schaefer’s marketing¹ technique may be open to criticism on moral grounds。题目中定位词为moral，在文章中定位，我们会在文章第三段中定位到“Selling pharmaceuticals² is a daily exercise in ethical³ judgment”，而其中ethical即为moral的同义词。

　　雅思定位词在文章中出现的第二种变身是“近义替换”，这包含近义词或近义词组。

　　剑7，Test1的Q8：However, even before this was understood, the principle had been applied⁴ in the design of instruments which calculated the ____ of the seabed。 此题为在原文中选词填空的摘要题，定位词为“calculate”和“seabed”， 在文章中我们会定位到“Before this was discovered, engineers had already built instruments to exploit the principle, for example to measure the depth of the sea under a ship”。此处“measure”即为“calculate”的近义词，而“sea”即为“seabed”的上义词。

　　雅思定位词在文章中出现的第三种变身是“派生词”。

　　剑6，Test3的Q33：Monkeys were less likely to become diabetic。此题为分类题，定位词为“diabetic”，在文章中定位，我们能定位到句子“…and they have more normal blood glucose⁵ levels(pointing to a reduced risk for diabetes⁶, which is marked by usually high blood glucose levels)”。题目中定位词“diabetic”为名词，意为“糖尿病患者”，而文章中的“diabetes”也为名词，但意为“糖尿病”，是 “diabetic”的派生词。

　　雅思定位词在文章中出现的第四种变身是“反义词的否定形式”。

　　Sticking Power中的Q15：What makes sticky insects feet special is the fact that they can also detach themselves easily from a surface。

　　此题属于人名理论配对，题目中定位词为 detach。到文章中去定位，我们会定位到“’There are lots of ways to make two surfaces stick together, but there are very few which provide precise and reversible attachment’ says Stas Gorb”，句中attachment实际上为detach的反义词attach的名词形式，而reversible表示可逆的，因此 reversible attachment即为detach的反义词(组)的否定形式。

 

1 marketing   

n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西

参考例句：

• They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。
• He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。

2 pharmaceuticals   

n.医药品；药物( pharmaceutical的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• the development of new pharmaceuticals 新药的开发
• The companies are pouring trillions of yen into biotechnology research,especially for pharmaceuticals and new seeds. 这些公司将大量资金投入生物工艺学研究，尤其是药品和新种子方面。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 ethical   

adj.伦理的，道德的，合乎道德的

参考例句：

• It is necessary to get the youth to have a high ethical concept.必须使青年具有高度的道德观念。
• It was a debate which aroused fervent ethical arguments.那是一场引发强烈的伦理道德争论的辩论。

4 applied   

adj.应用的；v.应用，适用

参考例句：

• She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
• This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

5 glucose   

n.葡萄糖

参考例句：

• I gave him an extra dose of glucose to pep him up.我给他多注射了一剂葡萄糖以增强他的活力。
• The doctor injected glucose into his patient's veins.医生将葡萄糖注入病人的静脉。

6 diabetes   

n.糖尿病

参考例句：

• In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
• Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。