托福独立写作素材集锦

 托福独立写作思路及语料库之个人无法解决太复杂的环境问题，英文题目The environmental issue is too complex to be handled by the individual.接下来，和大家分享，托福写作语料库之环保是否可以依靠个人。

　　环保类：

　　Do you agree or disagree：The environmental issue is too complex to be handled by the individual. 环境问题太复杂了，个人无法解决，是否认同?

　　立场：环境保护，个人可以也必须发挥作用;

　　推荐写法：

　　1. 一边倒支持：个人可以环保

　　2. 让步反驳写法：个人可以环保

　　思路拓展：

　　个人环保的方式：

　　1. 个人可以减少对于高科技产品的使用，具体来说，减少家用电器使用的频率。(例证：空调，热水器)

　　2. 个人可以培养环保的意识， 珍惜自然资源，过简单生活。具体而言，可以购买小排量汽车或者乘坐公共交通工具;周边游不是长途游等。(细节展开)

　　3. 个人可以参加环保组织，做环保志愿者，宣传环保，反对有害环境的政策的出台和推广。

　　原创语料库：

　　1. environmental pollution = environmental contamination n 环境污染

　　2. environmental issues = environmental problems n环境问题

　　3. various environment-related issues n 各种与环境相关的问题

　　4. live a simple life = choose a simpler lifestyle v 过简单生活

　　5. embark¹ on simple lifestyle = opt² for a simple lifestyle v选择简单生活

　　6. environmental conservation = environmental protection = environmental preservation³ 环境保护(经典三剑客)

　　7. raise the environmental protection awareness⁴ amongst the general public v提高公众的环保意识(环保必背)

　　点评：raise = enhance = improve v 提高……

　　点评：awareness = consciousness n 意识

　　8. take public transit⁵ = take public transport v 乘坐公共交通工具

　　9. foster water-wise lifestyle v 培养节水的生活方式

　　点评：foster = cultivate = nurture⁶ v 培养…… (经典三剑客)

　　10. reduce the use of paper v减少纸张的使用

　　点评：reduce = minimize = diminish v减少……

　　11. People should be encouraged to purchase compact cars with low emissions⁷. 我们应该鼓励人们购买小排量的汽车。(具体细节)

　　12. treasure other natural resources v珍惜自然资源

　　13. There is a heated debate as to whether or not personal efforts could effectively address environmental problems. 关于是否个人努力可以解决环境污染，人们争议不断。

　　点评： address = resolve = tackle v解决……

　　14. My stand is that individual participation⁸ in greenish is definitely a worthwhile endeavor helping⁹ to protect the natural environment. 我认为，个人在环保方面的积极参与是保护环境的一种有价值的努力。(作家立场)

　　点评：in greenish 在环境保护方面

　　拓 展：To contrive¹⁰ and popularize cleaner cars or compact cars is definitely a worthwhile endeavor helping to protect the natural environment. 研发和普及环保汽车以及小排量汽车是保护环境的有效努力。

　　15. It works to encourage people to undertake their journey by taking public transport in terms of protecting our environment 鼓励公众乘坐公共交通工具是有效的环保方式(重点背诵)

　　点评： public transport = public transit = public transportation n公共交通工具 (经典三剑客)

　　16. Meanwhile, every individual should be encouraged to partake of local organizations to oppose environmentally damaging policies or to work as the environmental protection volunteers. 同时，我们应该鼓励个人参加地方环保组织，反对有害环境的政策的出台，或者，鼓励个人做环保志愿者。(例证展开)

　　点评：partake of = take part in = participate in v 亲自参加……

　　17. It is highly recommended to spend more money on public transport such as buses, trams and subways. 政府应该投资公共交通工具，例如，汽车， 有轨电车，地铁等。

　　点评：环境保护政府如何作为

　　18. I re- affirm my conviction that the environmental issue is certainly relevant to each individual citizen. 我重申我的立场，环境问题和每个公民息息相关。(作家立场)

　　19. Co- operation and participation deriving¹¹ from individual citizens have indispensable roles to play in safeguarding the natural environment. 每个公民的参与和努力在保护自然环境方面可以发挥不可缺少的作用。(作家立场)

　　20. Individual citizens could and should play active roles provided that we really aspire¹² to optimize¹³ our living environment. 如果我们真的要改善我们的生存环境，个人应该也能够发挥积极的作用(作家立场)

　　点评：optimize our living environment v 改善我们的生存环境

　　点评：provided that = if 假如

1 embark   

vi.乘船，着手，从事，上飞机

参考例句：

• He is about to embark on a new business venture.他就要开始新的商业冒险活动。
• Many people embark for Europe at New York harbor.许多人在纽约港乘船去欧洲。

2 opt   

vi.选择，决定做某事

参考例句：

• They opt for more holiday instead of more pay.他们选择了延长假期而不是增加工资。
• Will individual schools be given the right to opt out of the local school authority?各个学校可能有权选择退出地方教育局吗？

3 preservation   

n.保护，维护，保存，保留，保持

参考例句：

• The police are responsible for the preservation of law and order.警察负责维持法律与秩序。
• The picture is in an excellent state of preservation.这幅画保存得极为完好。

4 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

5 transit   

n.经过，运输；vt.穿越，旋转；vi.越过

参考例句：

• His luggage was lost in transit.他的行李在运送中丢失。
• The canal can transit a total of 50 ships daily.这条运河每天能通过50条船。

6 nurture   

n.养育，照顾，教育；滋养，营养品；vt.养育，给与营养物，教养，扶持

参考例句：

• The tree grows well in his nurture.在他的培育下这棵树长得很好。
• The two sisters had received very different nurture.这俩个姊妹接受过极不同的教育。

7 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

8 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

9 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

10 contrive   

vt.谋划，策划；设法做到；设计，想出

参考例句：

• Can you contrive to be here a little earlier?你能不能早一点来？
• How could you contrive to make such a mess of things?你怎么把事情弄得一团糟呢？

11 deriving   

v.得到( derive的现在分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取

参考例句：

• I anticipate deriving much instruction from the lecture. 我期望从这演讲中获得很多教益。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He anticipated his deriving much instruction from the lecture. 他期望从这次演讲中得到很多教益。 来自辞典例句

12 aspire   

vi.(to，after)渴望，追求，有志于

参考例句：

• Living together with you is what I aspire toward in my life.和你一起生活是我一生最大的愿望。
• I aspire to be an innovator not a follower.我迫切希望能变成个开创者而不是跟随者。

13 optimize   

v.使优化 [=optimise]

参考例句：

• We should optimize the composition of the Standing Committees.优化人大常委会组成人员的结构。
• We should optimize our import mix and focus on bringing in advanced technology and key equipment.优化进口结构，着重引进先进技术和关键设备。