汉英口译分类词汇--教育文化词汇(4)

 普遍教育 general education

普及教育 universal education

企业管理系 Department of Business Administration

启发式 elicitation¹ method (of teaching); heuristic method

启发学生独立思考的能力 to help develop the ability of the students to think things out for themselves

气象学系 Department of Meteorology

汽车工程系 Department of Automobile² Engineering

人才枯竭 exhaustion³ of human resources

三结合联合体 tripartite complex

三学期制 the trimester system

扫盲班 literacy class

商业学校 commercial school

社会参与 communal⁴ participation⁵

社会活动social activities

社会实践social practice

社会学系 Department of Sociology

身体好，学习好，工作好。Keep fit, study hard and work well.

升级 to be promoted to a higher grade

升学t o go to a school of a higher grade; to enter a higher school

升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade

生理学系 Department of Physiology⁶

生物(学)系 Department of Biology

师范大学 normal university; teachers' university

师范学校 school for kindergarten teachers

师范学院 teachers' college

石油地质学校 petroleum⁷ geological school

石油学系 Department of Petroleum

实习生intern⁸

实行分区规划 practice regional planning

实验室主任 Laboratory Chief

实验员 Laboratory Technician

实验中学 experimental middle school

食品工程系 Department of Food Engineering

示范试点 demonstration¹⁰ pilot project

适应社会主义现代化建设需要，面向二十一世纪，具有中国特色的社会主义教育体系。 a socialist¹¹ education system with distinct Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of socialist modernization¹² and is oriented to the 21st century

授予(学士)confer

授予某人学位 to confer a degree on sb.

暑期工作summer jobs

数学系 Department of Mathematics

双学士制 a double BA degree system

水产技术学校 marine¹³ products technical school

水利系 Department of Water Conservancy

水利学校 water conservancy school

税收 tax revenue

硕士 master

所学课程 courses taken

特别训练special training

提高……的思想品德 enhance the moral awareness¹⁴ of ……

体育活动 physical activities

体育系 Department of Physical Education

体育学院 physical culture institute

天文学 Department of Astronomy

填鸭式教学法 cramming/forced-feeding method of teaching

铁路机械学校 railway machinery¹⁵ school

铁路技术学校 railway engineering school

听课 to visit a class; to sit in on a class; to attend a lecture

通讯工程系 Department of Communication Engineering

图书馆学系 Department of Library Science

图书馆员 Librarian

土木工程系 Department of Civil Engineering

土壤系 Department of Soil

托儿所 nursery/ creche

脱产培训 off-job training

外籍教授 Foreign Professor

外交系 Department of Diplomacy¹⁶

外语系 Foreign Languages Department

外语学校 foreign languages school

卫生学校 health school

文科大学 university of liberal arts

文学系 Department of Literature

无线电工程系 Department of Radio Engineering

五爱(爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、爱科学、爱护公物) "Five Love"： love the motherland, the people, labor⁹, and science and take good care of public property.

五分制 the 5-grade marking system

舞蹈系 Department of Dance

舞蹈学校 dancing school

物理系 Department of Physics

西班牙语系 Department of Spanish

西方语言系 Department of Western Languages

希望工程 Project Hope

戏剧系 Department of Theatricals

系主任 Department Chairman /Department Head

系主任办公室 Office of the Department Head

小学 primary(elementary)school

校友 alumnus; alumna

协调发展 coordinated and balanced program of development

心理学系 Department of Psychology

新闻系 Department of Journalism

新增劳动力 incoming labor force

畜牧系 Department of Animal Husbandry

选修课 elective/optional course

学费 tuition (fee)

学分 credit

学分制 the credit system

学力educational level

学历education, educational history, record of formal schooling

学龄儿童 school-ager

学年 school/academic year

学期 (school)term; semester

学前教育 preschool education

学生会 students' union/association

学士bachelor

学术报告会，专题讨论会 symposium

学术活动academic activities

学位 degree

学习成绩 academic record; school record

学习年限 period of schooling

学院院长 Dean of College/Head of College

学制educational system

研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student)

研究生指导教师 Graduate Teacher/Research Supervisor; faculty adviser

药学系 Department of Pharmacy

药科大学pharmaceutical university

冶金机械学校 metallurgical machinery school

冶金系 Department of Metallurgy

业余工作part-time jobs

业余学校 spare-time school

业余艺术/体育学校 amateur arts/athletic school

业余职工大学 spare-time college for staff and workers

夜校 evening (night) school

医科大学 medical university

医学工程系 Department of Medical Engineering

医学系 Department of Medicine

医学院 medical college/school

1 elicitation   

引出； 诱出； 抽出； 启发

参考例句：

• Requirements engineering consists of activities like requirements elicitation, specification and validation. 需求工程包括的活动有需求捕获，需求定义和需求验证。
• Application of Teaching Method of Elicitation for the Engineering Graphics Course. 工程制图课程教学改革的思考与实践。

2 automobile   

n.汽车，机动车

参考例句：

• He is repairing the brake lever of an automobile.他正在修理汽车的刹车杆。
• The automobile slowed down to go around the curves in the road.汽车在路上转弯时放慢了速度。

3 exhaustion   

n.耗尽枯竭，疲惫，筋疲力尽，竭尽，详尽无遗的论述

参考例句：

• She slept the sleep of exhaustion.她因疲劳而酣睡。
• His exhaustion was obvious when he fell asleep standing.他站着睡着了，显然是太累了。

4 communal   

adj.公有的，公共的，公社的，公社制的

参考例句：

• There was a communal toilet on the landing for the four flats.在楼梯平台上有一处公共卫生间供4套公寓使用。
• The toilets and other communal facilities were in a shocking state.厕所及其他公共设施的状况极其糟糕。

5 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

6 physiology   

n.生理学，生理机能

参考例句：

• He bought a book about physiology.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
• He was awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology.他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖。

7 petroleum   

n.原油，石油

参考例句：

• The Government of Iran advanced the price of petroleum last week.上星期伊朗政府提高了石油价格。
• The purpose of oil refinery is to refine crude petroleum.炼油厂的主要工作是提炼原油。

8 intern   

v.拘禁，软禁；n.实习生

参考例句：

• I worked as an intern in that firm last summer.去年夏天我在那家商行实习。
• The intern bandaged the cut as the nurse looked on.这位实习生在护士的照看下给病人包扎伤口。

9 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

10 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

11 socialist   

n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的

参考例句：

• China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
• His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

12 modernization   

n.现代化，现代化的事物

参考例句：

• This will help us achieve modernization.这有助于我们实现现代化。
• The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country.中国人民必将实现国家现代化。

13 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

14 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

15 machinery   

n.(总称)机械，机器；机构

参考例句：

• Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗？
• Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。

16 diplomacy   

n.外交；外交手腕，交际手腕

参考例句：

• The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
• This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。