VOA慢速英语2016 津巴布韦将人民币纳入储备货币

津巴布韦将人民币纳入储备货币

Zimbabwe announced last week that it would shift to the Chinese yuan as its reserve currency.

津巴布韦上周宣布将把人民币作为储备货币。

A reserve currency is a foreign currency held in large quantities by governments and financial institutions to pay international debts.

储备货币是政府和金融机构大量持有的、用于支付国际债务的外国货币。

"Reserve currency is held in order to support the value of national currencies," writes Justin Kuepper, international investing expert, on the website International Invest.

国际投资网的国际投资专家贾斯丁·库博说，“持有储备货币是为了支撑国家货币的价值。”

Patrick Chinamasa is Zimbabwe's Minister of Finance and Economic Development. He said China agreed to cancel about $40 million of Zimbabwe's debts this year.

帕特里克是津巴布韦金融与经济发展部长，他说今年中国同意取消津巴布韦的大约4000万美元的债务。

He also said the move was a sign of the friendship between China and Zimbabwe, a poor country in southern Africa.

他还说，此举是为了表示中国和津巴布韦这个南非穷国的友谊。

It is also a sign of the growing economic ties between China and Zimbabwe. China is Zimbabwe's largest foreign investor¹, with interests ranging from construction and energy to telecommunications.

这同时也表明了中国与津巴布韦日益紧密的经济关系，中国是津巴布韦最大的外国投资者，其在津巴布韦的利益涉及建筑业、能源业与电信业等。

China has also become the largest exporter of Zimbabwean products – mainly tobacco and minerals, such as gold and diamonds.

中国还是津巴布韦产品的最大出口方，主要是烟草和矿产，比如金和钻石。

Local economists³ said Zimbabwe is flooded with foreign currencies since the inflated⁵ Zimbabwean dollar collapsed⁷ in 2009.

当地经济学家称，自从通胀的津巴布韦货币2009年崩溃以来，津巴布韦就充斥着外国货币。

In 2014, the nation's central bank permitted traders to use the U.S. dollar, the South African rand, Botswana's pula, the British pound, the euro, the Australian dollar, the Indian rupee, the Japanese yen⁸ and the Chinese yuan.

2014年，该国央行允许交易者使用美元、南非兰特、博兹瓦纳普拉、英镑、欧元、澳元、印度卢比、日元和人民币。

Business consultant⁹ Phillip Chiconi says this announcement is unlikely to change things for the businessmen with whom he works.

商业顾问菲利普说这一声明不可能改变自己商业合作伙伴的业务。

"I don't think it will make much difference to anyone, as we're already using foreign currencies," he said.

“我认为这对大家的影响不大，因为我们已经在使用外国货币了。”

Zimbabwe has allowed the yuan as a legal currency for two years. But Chiconi said he has not seen it used. Instead, most traders prefer the stability of the U.S. dollar, which is being used as the country's major currency.

津巴布韦将人民币作为合法货币已经两年了，但菲利普说没用看到谁在使用人民币。相反，大多数交易者更青睐美元的稳定性，美元已经是津巴布韦的主要货币。

Zimbabwe suffered economic collapse⁶ after years of government mismanagement. That caused the Zimbabwean dollar to inflate⁴ above 230 million percent.

多年的政府管理不善导致津巴布韦经济崩溃，这导致津巴布韦货币通胀了2.3亿个百分点。

Although the central bank printed a 100-trillion-dollar bill, it didn't buy much. A loaf of bread cost $300 billion. The currency was done away with in 2009.

尽管央行印制了面值100万亿元的钞票，但它买不了什么。一条面包要3000亿，这种货币2009年被废除。

The market has stabilized¹⁰ by the U.S. dollar. But Zimbabwe's cost of living is still about 60 percent higher than that of neighboring South Africa.

目前美元已将市场稳定下来，但津巴布韦的生活成本仍比邻国的南非高60%。

BancABC chief economist² James Wade¹¹ says the yuan increases Zimbabwe's options.

Banabc首席经济学家詹姆斯·沃德称人民币给了津巴布韦更多选择。

"It's not like we're forcing people to use the Chinese yuan," he said. "... we are expanding options that they can use."

“我们不可能逼迫人们使用人民币，我们只能给他们提供更多选择。”

And, he notes, the context matters. China's president made a state visit to Zimbabwe this month, and signed many economic agreements. This included a billion-dollar loan for a thermal¹² power plant.

他说大背景也很重要，本月中国的国家主席对津巴布韦进行国事访问，签署了多个经济协议，其中包括为一个热能发电厂提供10亿美元的借款。

 

If this action brings in more Chinese investment and more development, Zimbabweans will profit, no matter what currency they use.

如果此举能带来更多的中国投资，不管使用什么货币，津巴布韦将都将获利。

1 investor   

n.投资者，投资人

参考例句：

• My nephew is a cautious investor.我侄子是个小心谨慎的投资者。
• The investor believes that his investment will pay off handsomely soon.这个投资者相信他的投资不久会有相当大的收益。

2 economist   

n.经济学家，经济专家，节俭的人

参考例句：

• He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
• He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家，自以为什么都懂。

3 economists   

n.经济学家，经济专家( economist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
• Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 inflate   

vt.使膨胀，使骄傲，抬高（物价）

参考例句：

• The buyers bid against each other and often inflate the prices they pay.买主们竞相投标，往往人为地提高价钱。
• Stuart jumped into the sea and inflated the liferaft.斯图尔特跳到海里给救生艇充气。

5 inflated   

adj.（价格）飞涨的；（通货）膨胀的；言过其实的；充了气的v.使充气（于轮胎、气球等）( inflate的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）膨胀；（使）通货膨胀；物价上涨

参考例句：

• He has an inflated sense of his own importance. 他自视过高。
• They all seem to take an inflated view of their collective identity. 他们对自己的集体身份似乎都持有一种夸大的看法。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

7 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。

8 yen   

n. 日元；热望

参考例句：

• He wanted to convert his dollars into Japanese yen.他想将美元换成日币。
• He has a yen to be alone in a boat.他渴望独自呆在一条船上。

9 consultant   

n.顾问；会诊医师，专科医生

参考例句：

• He is a consultant on law affairs to the mayor.他是市长的一个法律顾问。
• Originally,Gar had agreed to come up as a consultant.原来，加尔只答应来充当我们的顾问。

10 stabilized   

v.（使）稳定， （使）稳固( stabilize的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The patient's condition stabilized. 患者的病情稳定下来。
• His blood pressure has stabilized. 他的血压已经稳定下来了。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

11 wade   

v.跋涉，涉水；n.跋涉

参考例句：

• We had to wade through the river to the opposite bank.我们只好涉水过河到对岸。
• We cannot but wade across the river.我们只好趟水过去。

12 thermal   

adj.热的，由热造成的；保暖的

参考例句：

• They will build another thermal power station.他们要另外建一座热能发电站。
• Volcanic activity has created thermal springs and boiling mud pools.火山活动产生了温泉和沸腾的泥浆池。