VOA慢速英语2016 研究称新登革热疫苗或导致严重疾病

AS IT IS 2016-09-09 Study: New Dengue Vaccine¹ Could Cause Serious Illness 研究称新登革热疫苗或导致严重疾病

A new study shows a vaccine designed to prevent dengue fever could actually be making people sick.

一项新的研究显示旨在防止登革热的疫苗可能会使人生病。

Dengue infects an estimated 400 million people worldwide each year. The virus spreads to human beings through the bite of an insect, the mosquito.

全世界每年估计有4亿人感染登革热。病毒传播通过叮咬人类的昆虫——蚊子来传播。

Most people who get dengue suffer health problems like those resulting from a mild case of influenza², like a higher than normal body temperature.

大多数人得登革热的人会遭受健康问题如患得轻微的流感，如体温高于正常体温。

But the illness is more severe the second time a person gets it. In serious cases, it can cause bleeding inside the body and even death. About 25,000 people a year die from the infection.

但第二次患这种疾病的人情况更严重。在严重的情况下，它会导致体内出血，甚至死亡。每年大约有25000人死于这种感染。

The drug Dengvaxia is so far the only vaccine approved for use against dengue. Several countries - including Brazil, Mexico, Costa Rica, Paraguay and the Philippines - have already approved use of the drug. But health officials are still trying to decide the best way to release the vaccine.

Dengvaxia是迄今为止唯一的批准用来预防登革热的疫苗。几个国家，包括巴西、墨西哥、哥斯达黎加、巴拉圭和菲律宾——已经批准使用这种药物。但卫生官员仍在寻找射入疫苗的最佳方式。

Trials of Dengvaxia involved more than 30,000 people in 10 countries. Among young people, the drug was found to reduce infections by 60 percent, and hospitalizations by 80 percent. But over time, many of those vaccinated³ got seriously ill with dengue.

Dengvaxia的试验涉及10个国家的超过30000人。在年轻人中，药物可以减少60%的感染和

80%的住院治疗。但是随着时间的推移，许多种植疫苗的人感染登革热得了重病。

Researchers from Britain and the United States studied the results of the tests. The researchers were from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Imperial⁴ College London and the University of Florida. They found that the vaccine acted as a first infection in people who had not had the virus before.

英国和美国的研究人员研究了测试的结果。研究人员来自约翰霍普金斯大学彭博公共卫生学院、伦敦帝国理工学院和佛罗里达大学的。他们发现疫苗在没有受感染的人体中成为一次感染。

The researchers reported their findings in the journal Science.

研究人员在《科学》杂志上报道了他们的发现。

The researchers say they are concerned that people who get infected a second time after the vaccine can get severely⁵ sick. This could explain why young children especially were getting ill. They had not lived long enough to get a first infection.

研究人员说他们担心在注射疫苗后被感染第二次的人可能会病得更严重。这可以解释为什么儿童特别容易是生病。他们没有在有生之年进行第一次感染。

Based on the findings, the World Health Organization is warning health care workers not to give the vaccine to anyone younger than nine.

基于这些发现，世界卫生组织警告卫生保健工作者不要给任何低于九岁的人注射疫苗。

But data showed that people other than children were getting severe dengue cases if they had the vaccine, but were not infected before they received it.

但数据显示，除了孩子的人们如果注射了疫苗，却没有在感染之前收到它，会出现严重登革热病例。

“What we suggest is … maybe having been exposed to dengue in the past is more important than age itself,” said Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer of the Bloomberg school.

“我们的建议是…也许在过去已经感染了登革热条件的比年龄更重要，”彭博学校的伊莎贝尔·罗德里格斯-巴热块儿说。

The study found that the vaccine should not be a problem in countries with many cases of dengue. In such areas, Dengvaxia was found to reduce severe sickness and hospitalizations by 20 percent to 30 percent.

研究发现，这种疫苗不应该成为许多出现登革热病例的国家的问题。在这样的地区，实践证明Dengvaxia可以将严重的疾病和住院降低到20%-30%。

But the researchers warned that in countries where only 10 percent of people have been infected with dengue, the vaccine needs to be carefully used. Ideally, Rodriguez-Barraquer said, people should be tested before getting vaccinated, to see if they have been infected in the past.

但研究人员警告说，在只有10％的人已经感染登革热的国家，该疫苗需谨慎使用。理想情况下，罗德里格斯说，人们应该在接种疫苗之前进行测试，看他们是否在过去被感染过。

The researchers are also looking forward to trial results from additional new dengue vaccines⁶.

研究人员还期待着更多新的登革热疫苗的试验结果。

Words in This Story

mosquito – n. a small flying insect that bites the skin of people and can spread disease

fever – n. high body temperature caused by illness

trial – n. a test to see if something works and is safe

data – n. information or facts about something

exposed – adj. not protected from something harmful

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 influenza   

n.流行性感冒，流感

参考例句：

• They took steps to prevent the spread of influenza.他们采取措施
• Influenza is an infectious disease.流感是一种传染病。

3 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

4 imperial   

adj.帝王的，至尊的；n.特等品

参考例句：

• They made an objection to the imperial system with resolution.他们坚决反对帝制。
• The Prince Imperial passed away last night.皇太子昨晚去世了。

5 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。

6 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。